Urapidil

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Structural formula
Structural formula of Urapidil
General
Non-proprietary name Urapidil
other names

6- {3- [4- (2-methoxyphenyl) -1-piperazinyl] propyl} amino-1,3-dimethyl-2,4 (1 H , 3 H -pyrimidinedion)

Molecular formula C 20 H 29 N 5 O 3
External identifiers / databases
CAS number
EC number 252-130-4
ECHA InfoCard 100,047,377
PubChem 5639
ChemSpider 5437
DrugBank DB12661
Wikidata Q418922
Drug information
ATC code

C02 CA06

Drug class

Antihypertensive drugs

Mechanism of action

α 1 -adrenoceptor - antagonist

properties
Molar mass 387.48 g · mol -1
Physical state

firmly

Melting point

156-158 ° C

solubility

Water: 157 mg l −1 at 25 ° C

safety instructions
Please note the exemption from the labeling requirement for drugs, medical devices, cosmetics, food and animal feed
GHS labeling of hazardous substances

Hydrochloride

07 - Warning

Caution

H and P phrases H: 302
P: no P-phrases
Toxicological data

520 mg kg −1 ( LD 50ratoral )

As far as possible and customary, SI units are used. Unless otherwise noted, the data given apply to standard conditions .

Urapidil is an antihypertensive agent (an antihypertensive agent) from the group of α 1 -adrenoceptor - antagonist , acts primarily on arterial vasodilator (vasodilator), and is primarily in acute blood pressure increases used.

Clinical information

application

Urapidil ( intravenous ) is an alternative to calcium antagonists and nitrates in doses administered via the vein in adults of 10 to 50 mg and more in the hypertensive crisis . Orally it can be used in combination therapy for arterial hypertension .

side effect

Side effects are often (1–10%) nausea , headache and dizziness , rarely (<1%) arrhythmias , fatigue and sweating .

Contraindications

During pregnancy and lactation is contraindicated urapidil. However, it is often used as an "off-label" therapy in pregnancy, especially with long-term administration and under perfusor-controlled administration against manifested preeclampsia . In this case, a maximum daily dose of 24 mg / hour is recommended.

Interactions

Urapidil has an additive effect with all antihypertensive agents, which can lead to a hypotonic circulatory situation (excessive decrease in blood pressure). The effect is also increased by drinking alcohol . If the antihistamine cimetidine is administered at the same time , the urapidil serum level can be increased by up to 15%.

Pharmacological properties

Pharmacodynamics

By blocking peripheral, postsynaptic α 1 receptors, Urapidil mediates a decrease in vascular resistance and thus a decrease in systolic and diastolic blood pressure. In addition, it stimulates central serotonin receptors of the 5-HT 1A type , which prevents an adverse reaction ( reflex tachycardia ) of the sympathetic nervous system .

Pharmacokinetics

After intravenous administration, a two-phase course of the concentration in the serum occurs, which is initially caused by distribution processes and in the second phase by elimination. The metabolism takes place mainly in the liver , whereby mainly ineffective metabolites are formed. About 70% of the excretion takes place via the kidneys , the rest in the faeces. The plasma half-life is 2.7 hours, much longer in liver and kidney diseases, which is why a dose reduction is necessary in this case. Urapidil penetrates the blood-brain barrier and crosses the placenta .

Trade names

Monopreparations : Ebrantil (D, A, CH), Hypotrit (A), Eupressyl (F), Mediatensyl (F) and Generika (D).

literature

  • Karow, Lang-Roth: General and special pharmacology and toxicology. 14th edition 2005. Self-published.
  • Instructions for use and specialist information Ebrantil ® , Altana Pharma, 2002.

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. a b c Entry on urapidil in the ChemIDplus database of the United States National Library of Medicine (NLM) .
  2. a b data sheet Urapidil hydrochloride from Sigma-Aldrich , accessed on April 25, 2011 ( PDF ).
  3. Reinhard Larsen: Anesthesia and intensive medicine in cardiac, thoracic and vascular surgery. (1st edition 1986) 5th edition. Springer, Berlin / Heidelberg / New York et al. 1999, ISBN 3-540-65024-5 , p. 69.
  4. Specialist information Ebrantil ® , as of June 2009.