Fluoroethene

Structural formula
General
Surname	Fluoroethene
other names	Vinyl fluoride Fluoroethylene Monofluoroethene VF R-1141
Molecular formula	C 2 H 3 F
Brief description	extremely flammable, colorless gas with an ethereal odor
External identifiers / databases
CAS number 75-02-5 EC number 200-832-6 ECHA InfoCard 100,000,757 PubChem 6339 Wikidata Q420955
properties
Molar mass	46.04 g mol −1
Physical state	gaseous
density	0.636 g cm −3
Melting point	−160.5 ° C
boiling point	−72.2 ° C
Vapor pressure	24.879 bar (20 ° C)
solubility	slightly soluble in water
safety instructions
GHS labeling of hazardous substances danger H and P phrases H: 220-280-341-350-373 P: ?
Thermodynamic properties
ΔH f 0	−138.8 kJ / mol
As far as possible and customary, SI units are used. Unless otherwise noted, the data given apply to standard conditions .

Fluoroethene is a chemical compound from the group of aliphatic unsaturated halogenated hydrocarbons and organic fluorine compounds .

Extraction and presentation

Frédéric Swarts first synthesized fluoroethene in 1901. He used the reaction of zinc with 1,1-difluoro-2-bromoethane . Today it is produced industrially in two ways: firstly, by reacting ethyne with hydrogen fluoride and mercury compounds or aluminum , tin or zinc fluorides as a catalyst :

${\displaystyle \mathrm {HC{\equiv }CH+HF\rightarrow CH_{2}{=}CHF} }$

And second, through catalytic dehydrofluorination or dechlorination of 1,1,1-trifluoroethane or 1,1-chlorofluoroethane :

${\displaystyle \mathrm {CH_{3}CHClF\rightarrow CH_{2}{=}CHF+HCl} }$

It is classified as a High Production Volume Chemical by the US Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) because its production volume was more than a million pounds in 1990.

properties

Fluoroethene is an extremely flammable, colorless gas with an ethereal odor. It is heavier than air and not very soluble in water. It is chemically unstable and tends to polymerize . It is in liquefied form in pressurized gas cylinders. When the liquid flows out or when large amounts of gas escape, mist forms which spread across the floor. According to Antoine, the vapor pressure function results from log ₁₀ (P) = A− (B / (T + C)) (P in bar, T in K) with A = 3.46439, B = 593.551 and C = −30.039 in the temperature range from 123.8 to 201.0 K. It has a critical temperature of 54.73 ° C, a critical pressure of 51.12 bar, a critical density of 0.322 kg / l and a triple point temperature (melting temperature) of −160 , 5 ° C.

use

Fluoroethene is used for the production of polyvinyl fluoride (PVF) and for copolymerization with chlorotrifluoroethylene and hexafluoropropylene . It was previously used as a refrigerant under the name R1141 .

safety instructions

The vapors of fluoroethene can form an explosive mixture with air ( ignition temperature 375 ° C). There is a suspicion of a carcinogenic effect.

Related links

• Vinyl bromide
• Vinyl chloride
• Vinylidene fluoride

Individual evidence

1. ↑ ^{a b c d e f g h i j} Entry on fluoroethene in the GESTIS substance database of the IFA , accessed on January 9, 2019(JavaScript required) .
2. ↑ David R. Lide (Ed.): CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics . 90th edition. (Internet version: 2010), CRC Press / Taylor and Francis, Boca Raton, FL, Standard Thermodynamic Properties of Chemical Substances, pp. 5-22.
3. ↑ Günter Siegemund, Werner Schwertfeger, Andrew Feiring, Bruce Smart, Fred Behr, Herward Vogel, Blaine McKusick “Fluorine Compounds, Organic” Ullmann's Encyclopedia of Industrial Chemistry, Wiley-VCH, Weinheim, 2002. doi : 10.1002 / 14356007.a11_349
4. ↑ Hans-Jürgen Arpe; Industrial organic chemistry: Important preliminary and intermediate products, p. 246ff; ISBN 978-3-527-31540-6
5. ↑ ^{a b} 13th Report on Carcinogens (RoC): Vinyl Halides (Selected) , accessed on November 18, 2014.
6. ↑ Stull, DR: Vapor Pressure of Pure Substances Organic Compounds in Ind. Eng. Chem. 39 (1947) 517-540, doi : 10.1021 / ie50448a022 .