Vittoria Caldoni
Vittoria Candida Rosa Caldoni (* March 6, 1805 in Albano Laziale ; † 1872? / 1890?) Was a favorite model of the visual artists in Rome in the third decade of the 19th century. Over 100 representations of her have survived.
Life
Vittoria Caldoni was the daughter of Antonio Caldoni († 1846) and his wife Paola, née Fabretti, the sixth of nine children born under very modest circumstances into a winemaking family. Only four of her siblings reached adulthood. At the age of 15 she was discovered in 1820 by August Kestner as a model for the northern European artists living and working in Rome and the surrounding area. This was so profitable for the family that they were able to move into a larger apartment in Albano Laziale, in which they also rented rooms to traveling artists. Among them was the budding Russian - Ukrainian painter Grigorij Ignatewitsch Lapchenko , whom Vittoria finally married in 1839 and emigrated to Russia with him. The two had at least one son, Sergei Grigoryevich Lapchenko. Since Grigory Lapchenko became seriously ill and lost his eyesight significantly, he could no longer work as a painter. He was subsequently employed in a number of subordinate administrative activities. The Russian part of Vittoria Caldoni's life is much less well documented than the few years in which she was a preferred female model for many painters in Rome. There are no reliable indications of the date and place of death. Her life in Russia was unspectacular and often under difficult economic circumstances.
Vittoria Caldoni in art
Artistic importance
Vittoria Caldoni was a model for the painters and sculptors of the Roman artists' colony for several years from the summer of 1820. For many years she was considered the ideal female figure. Preferably, it has been in the local costume of Albano Laziale or allegories portrayed , often with attributes commonly found in representations of the Madonna were added. Numerous pictures in which it is depicted have survived. Since not all of them are known, it can be assumed that well over 100 are still preserved today. Numerous others have since been destroyed - especially during World War II. There are also some portrait busts of her. However, the works were created over a period of 40 years. So some of the pictures were not painted directly in front of the seated Vittoria Caldoni. As a “latecomer” there is even a portrait of Vittoria Caldoni by Pablo Picasso .
Artist
Artists who created representations of Vittoria Caldoni (selection):
- Ernst von Bandel
- Karl Joseph Begas
- Carl Blechen
- Franz Ludwig Catel
- Peter by Cornelius
- Marie Ellenrieder
- Joseph von Führich
- August Grahl
- Wilhelm Hensel
- Heinrich Maria von Hess
- Peter von Hess
- Franz Horny
- Woldemar Hottenroth
- Auguste Hüssener
- Alexander Andreevich Ivanov
- Paul Emil Jacobs
- Wilhelm von Kaulbach
- Christian August Kestner
- Eduard Magnus
- Friedrich Mosbrugger
- Michael Neher
- Theobald von Oer
- Carl Oesterley senior
- Moritz Daniel Oppenheim
- Johann Friedrich Overbeck
- Friedrich Preller the Elder
- Karl Josef Raabe
- Johann Anton Ramboux
- Markus Georg Theodor Rehbenitz
- Johann Friedrich Ludwig Heinrich August Riedel
- Rudolf Schadow (bust)
- Johann Scheffer von Leonhardshoff
- Julius Schnorr von Carolsfeld
- Julius Schoppe
- Erwin Speckter
- Otto Magnus von Stackelberg
- Franz Seraph forehead burn
- Franz Xaver Stöber
- Pietro Tenerani (bust)
- Wilhelm Ternite
- Bertel Thorvaldsen (bust)
- Horace Vernet
- Carl Christian Vogel von Vogelstein
- Karl Wilhelm Wach
- Friedrich Wasmann
- Theodor Leopold Weller
- Franz Xaver Winterhalter
- Emil Wolff (bust)
literature
- Amrei I. Gold: The model cult around Sarah Siddons, Emma Hamilton, Vittoria Caldoni and Jane Morris - Iconographic analysis and catalog of works (PDF; 5.8 MB). Diss. Münster 2009.
- Ulrike Koeltz: Vittoria Caldoni - model and identification figure of the 19th century (= European university publications series XXVIII - art history, vol. 436). Frankfurt am Main 2010, ISBN 978-3-631-59944-0 .
Web links
Remarks
- ^ So: Gold, p. 159; In view of the weak sources, Koeltz does not want to commit himself and speaks of "around 1890".
Individual evidence
- ↑ Koeltz, p. 283 (Fig. 80), 310.
- ↑ Ulrike Koeltz: A true cabinet piece. The portrait of Vittoria Caldoni by Moritz Daniel Oppenheim . In: New magazine for Hanau history (messages from the Hanauer Geschichtsverein 1844 eV) 2012, pp. 179–188.
personal data | |
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SURNAME | Caldoni, Vittoria |
ALTERNATIVE NAMES | Caldoni, Vittoria Candida Rosa |
BRIEF DESCRIPTION | Italian model by many artists |
DATE OF BIRTH | March 6, 1805 |
PLACE OF BIRTH | Albano Laziale |
DATE OF DEATH | 1872 or around 1890 |