Marie Ellenrieder

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Self-portrait of Marie Ellenrieder at the age of 28, 1819
Maria studying, 1816 (overtaken 1843)
General Krieg von Hochfelden and wife on horseback . Baden State Image Office, Karlsruhe, 1832

Marie Ellenrieder (born March 20, 1791 in Konstanz , † June 5, 1863 in Konstanz) was a German painter . Her baptismal name is Anna Marie Ellenrieder. At the end of the 19th / beginning of the 20th century the first name Maria was incorrectly used.

Life

Marie Ellenrieder was born in Konstanz, the youngest of four sisters. Her father, Konrad Ellenrieder, was a watchmaker , her mother, Maria Anna Ellenrieder, was a daughter of the baroque painter Franz Ludwig Hermann . Marie spent her school days with the Dominicans at the Zoffingen convent school in Constance.

After her apprenticeship with the Konstanz miniature painter and teacher Joseph Einsle (1774–1829), in 1813, at the age of 22, she was the first artist to be granted the privilege to study at the Munich Art Academy . She was protected by the Vicar General Ignaz Heinrich von Wessenberg from Constance . After completing her studies, she worked as a portrait painter for the south-west German royal courts and, in line with her sponsor Wessenberg, also produced Catholic sacred art.

In 1818 she received an invitation to the Hohenzollerischer Hof in Sigmaringen to portray the princess and her children. One year later, in 1819, she stayed for a long time at the Fürstenbergischer Hof in Donaueschingen to paint the portraits of the princely couple, Carl Egon II and Amalie zu Fürstenberg. In the same year she received an order from the parish of Ichenheim near Offenburg to paint three altarpieces for the newly built St. Nicholas Church . In 1820 she was called to Karlsruhe to paint Hereditary Prince Leopold von Baden and his young wife. The years 1817 to 1822 are considered to be the most fertile epoch in her life.

From 1822 to 1824 Ellenrieder stayed in Rome , where she received further training and got to know Louise Seidler , Julius Schnorr von Carolsfeld , Philipp Veit , Friedrich Overbeck and other members of the Nazarenes ' group of artists . This stay in Rome and the encounter with the Nazarenes were decisive for her further work, although according to her own admission she did not feel taken seriously by the male artists despite her great talent.

On July 1, 1824, she left Rome and traveled with her friend Katharina von Predl to Florence , where they both lived with the engraver and art dealer Johann Baptist Metzger . She worked and studied here for over a year and also made copies of Raffael and Perugino . Back in Baden, she left portrait painting behind and devoted herself entirely to religious art. The Badischer Kunstverein was the first woman to award her the gold medal for art and science. Grand Duke Ludwig enhanced the medal by awarding it the ribbon of the Patriotic Order of Merit.

In 1827 Ellenrieder painted the high altar picture of the parish church of St. Bartholomäus in Ortenberg near Offenburg, a picture of the namesake of the church, and in 1836 the picture of the right side altar there, St. Joseph with the boy Jesus. In 1828 she was commissioned to paint the high altar for the new St. Stephan church in Karlsruhe. Because of the considerable size of the painting (4.70 × 3.20 m), the Grand Duke assigned the artist a large work space in the government building in Constance.

In 1829 Ludwig appointed her court painter, which in addition to the title also meant an annual salary of 300 guilders. In 1832 she was commissioned to paint a large family picture to be shown to Grand Duchess Sophie with her children. The artist had to go to Karlsruhe for two years to carry out this commission. The painting, completed in 1834, later hung in the Zähringer Museum ( Neues Schloss (Baden-Baden) ).

Marie Ellenrieder withdrew more and more into private life, but gave private lessons during this time. B. to Jenny von Droste zu Hülshoff . Several of her works were created at Werenwag Castle in the Upper Danube Valley . In 1839/1840 she traveled to Rome a second time, but did not find the artistic inspiration she had hoped for. In 1847 and 1849 she made two large-format religious paintings for the British Queen Victoria.

Marie Ellenrieder died on June 5, 1863 at the age of 72 from complications from a cold. She is buried in the main cemetery in Konstanz .

Commemoration

Konstanz, Fischmarkt 2. Marie Ellenrieder's house. Information board

She paid tribute to her hometown with the Ellenrieder-Gymnasium named after her and, since 1991, the Maria-Ellenrieder-Straße in the Paradies district . There is a plaque on her former home in Konstanz, Fischmarkt 2.

Works

Mary with the baby Jesus by the hand . State Art Gallery, Karlsruhe, 1824
The baptism of Lydia . Old National Gallery, Berlin, 1861

Ellenrieder's paintings mainly include portraits, numerous altarpieces for churches in southwest Germany and other pictures with sacred motifs (angels, children of Jesus and saints). Her main works are shaped by the style of the Nazarenes , which she took up during her first trip to Rome (1822–1824).

Main works by Ellenrieders:

Exhibitions

  • May 18, 2013 - August 25, 2013: Simply heavenly. On the 150th anniversary of Maria Ellenrieder's death. Municipal Wessenberg Gallery and Rosgarten Museum. Constancy.
  • October 11, 2019 - March 8, 2020: Special exhibition The Struggle for Visibility. Artists of the Nationalgalerie before 1919. Berlin
  • May 9 - August 30, 2020: Profession: Artist! Ten German painters on Lake Constance . The Städtische Wessenberg-Galerie Konstanz presents Marie Ellenrieder together with other artists from southern Germany.

literature

  • Bettina Baumgärtel, among others: Angelika Kauffmann (1741–1807), Marie Ellenrieder (1791–1863). Painting and graphics. Exhibition from May 30 to August 23, 1992, Rosgarten Museum Konstanz. Konstanz 1992, ISBN 3-9801501-8-6 .
  • Roswitha Beyer:  Ellenrieder, Anna Marie. In: New German Biography (NDB). Volume 4, Duncker & Humblot, Berlin 1959, ISBN 3-428-00185-0 , p. 455 ( digitized version ).
  • Adolf Brinzinger: Marie Ellenrieder . In: Archives for Christian Art. Organ of the Rottenburg Diocesan Art Association . 34, 1916, pp. 79-82. ( Digitized version )
  • Katharina Büttner: Marie Ellenrieder (1791–1863). Image inventions of a Nazarene woman from Baden . In: Art and Architecture in Karlsruhe: Festschrift for Norbert Schneider. Universitätsverlag Karlsruhe, Karlsruhe 2006, ISBN 3-86644-050-2 , pp. 45–58. ( Full text )
  • Edwin Fecker: The prints of the Baden court painter Marie Ellenrieder (1791–1863). Galerie Palatine / Edition Thilo Winterberg, Heidelberg 2002, ISBN 3-932204-04-2 .
  • Friedrich Wilhelm Fischer, Sigrid von Blanckenhagen: Marie Ellenrieder: Life and work of the Konstanz painter. A contribution to the art history of the 19th century. Published by the Kunstverein Konstanz eV Thorbecke, Stuttgart 1963.
  • Bärbel Kovalesvski: Marie Ellenrieder. 1791-1863. Publishing house Dr. Bärbel Kovalevski, Berlin 2008, ISBN 978-3-9812252-2-8 .
  • Bärbel Kovalesvski (Ed.): Between ideal and reality. Artists of the Goethe era between 1750 and 1850. Gerd Hatje Verlag, Ostfildern-Ruit 1999.
  • Juliane Nagy: "That the pictures succeed under the mercy of God ..." Marie Ellenrieder. An artist between classicism and Nazarism. (Master's thesis at the Philipps University of Marburg), Marburg 2007.
  • Klara Siebert: Marie Ellenrieder as an artist and woman. Herder, Freiburg i. Br. 1916.
  • Margarete Zündorff: Marie Ellenrieder: A German woman and artist life . Upper Baden publishing house Merk & Co., Constance 1940.
  • Elisabeth von Gleichenstein: Baden-Württemberg portraits, edited by Elisabeth Noelle-Neumann . Deutsche Verlags-Anstalt Stuttgart, Stuttgart 1999, ISBN 3-421-05271-9 , pp. 98-109 .
  • Friedrich Pecht:  Ellenrieder, Anna Marie . In: Allgemeine Deutsche Biographie (ADB). Volume 6, Duncker & Humblot, Leipzig 1877, p. 49 f.
  • Tobias Engelsing and Barbara Stark (eds.): Simply heavenly! : the painter Marie Ellenrieder 1791–1863 , Stuttgart: Arnoldsche Art Publ., 2013, ISBN 978-3-89790-388-3 .

Web links

Commons : Marie Ellenrieder  - Collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Kerstin Steinert: Is the Maria-Ellenrieder-Straße wrongly named? In: Südkurier , November 9, 2019.
  2. ↑ 00229 Maria Ellenrieder, Matriculation Book 1809-1841 , accessed on December 24, 2014.
  3. ↑ The Miracle of Ortenberg in FAZ of December 24, 2014, page 11.
  4. ^ National Museums in Berlin (SMB), SMB-digital, Marie Ellenrieder: The baptism of Lydia
  5. ↑ Profession: Artist! Ten German painters on Lake Constance. May 9 - August 30, 2020, Städtische Wessenberg-Galerie Konstanz; Exhibition leaflet , accessed on May 24, 2020
personal data
SURNAME Ellenrieder, Marie
BRIEF DESCRIPTION German painter
DATE OF BIRTH March 20, 1791
PLACE OF BIRTH Constancy
DATE OF DEATH June 5, 1863
Place of death Constancy