Fully automatic
Fully automatic means that technical systems , machines or other work equipment can perform their work autonomously without the help of humans or personnel . The counterpart is the semi-automatic .
General
Fully automatic only came about through the automation of work processes , especially in industry , where workers were gradually replaced by means of production . The word “fully automatic” first appeared in 1976 in German-speaking countries. It referred to the automated manual transmissions in motor vehicles .
Technical aspects
According to DIN 19233, a system is only referred to as "fully automated" if its degree of automation is 100%. Fully automatic is therefore not a pleonasm , because it requires a degree of automation of 100% and all underlying systems are partially automated . With fully automatic systems, people or workers only have to monitor the system.
Examples
- In the case of vehicle transmissions, the gear is selected independently by the automatic transmission , depending on the load and driving requirements .
- The fully automatic washing machine detects the degree of soiling of the laundry and automatically selects the required amount of detergent and the appropriate washing program .
- Fully automatic cameras take over the decision about the parameters motion sharpness ( motion flow ), exposure time , aperture opening , image noise , focus and depth of field . The autofocus is therefore only a semi-automatic camera.
- Autonomous driving has a degree of automation of 100% and is therefore classified as fully automated because the driver does not usually have to intervene and the navigation also takes the road traffic into account.
- Fully automatic firearms fire several shots one after the other by pulling the trigger once .
The fully automatic function completely relieves the user . With electronically controlled systems it is often possible to switch between semi-automatic and fully automatic during operation.
In some systems there are fully automatic subsystems such as the autopilot (aircraft, ships) or the instrument landing system (aircraft), while the other subsystems have to be operated.
Individual evidence
- ^ "Auto", edition 15/1976 , 1976, p. 66
- ↑ Lorelies Ortner / Elgin Müller-Bollhagen, Deutsche Wortbildung 4: Substantivkomposita , 1991, p. 682
- ↑ Wolfgang Handrich, Flexible, floor-free material flow technology for dynamic production structures , 2002, p. 13
- ↑ Reinhold Sellien / Helmut Sellien (eds.), Gablers Wirtschafts-Lexikon , 1980, p. 452
- ↑ Hans-Jürgen Gaugl, The Tiger and the Mother-in-Law , 2013, p. 79
- ↑ Detlef Hase, Vogelfotografie: Fascinating Photos feather-light , 2016, p. 82