Tereswa Valley Forest Railway

Forest railway at work in Ust-Tschorna

Route length:

50-120 km

	0	Teresva connection to the Ukrzalisnyzja
	?	Krywa ( Ukrainian Крива, Czech Krivé, Hungarian Nagykirva)
	?	Hlyboka Dolyna (Ukrainian Глубока Долина)
	?	Ternowo (Ukrainian Терново, Czech Trnovo nad Teresvou, Hungarian Kökényes)
	?	Neresnyzja (Ukrainian Нересниця, Czech Neresnice, Hungarian Nyéresháza)
	?	Tereswa
	?	Pidplescha (Ukrainian Підплеша, Czech Podpleša, Hungarian Pelesalja)
	?	Kalyny
	?	Vyschnij Dubovec (Ukrainian Вишній Дубовець, Czech Vyšní Dubovec, Hungarian Felsőpatakvölgy)
	?	Tereswa
	?	Passitschne (Ukrainian Пасічие)
	?	Krasna
	43	Osorel (ukr. Озорел)
	50	Ust-Chorna
	51	Branch to Ruska Mokra
		Brusturyanka
	54	Terminal Ruska Mokra
	56	Branch Zweigstrecke Yablunytsya -Tal
		Terminal Jablunytsia Valley
	59	Lopuchiw (Ukrainian Лопухів, Czech Brustury, Hungarian Brusztura)
		Brusturyanka
	68	Ust-Turbat (ukr. Усть-Турбат)
		Branch line Turbat Valley
		Brusturyanka
	72	Turbat (ukr. Турбат)
		Brusturyanka
	71	Lopukhiv
		Branch section of the Brusturjanka valley
		The end of the Brusturjanka valley
	75	Pljajska (Ukrainian Пляаӣська)
	?	Pljajska
	79	Komarne (ukr. Комарне)

The Tereswatal Forest Railway was a forest railway in the Ukraine in the Zakarpattia Oblast .

history

Beginnings under Hungarian rule

As early as 1883 there were plans to build a railway into the Tereswa valley north of the Tisza , at that time standard-gauge variants were still being considered. The Hungarian Ministry of Commerce approved the Hungarian Nordostbahn then on 4 June 1885 the number 19942 the construction of Taracsvölgyi erdei vasút (TEV, German "forest railway Theresiental"). On June 23, 1887, the narrow-gauge line ( gauge 750 mm) from Taracköz (today Tereswa ) to Kobilaerdö (today as Kobyle part of Tarassiwka ) with a length of 33.83 kilometers was opened. The route also carried passenger traffic in the Tereswa valley to Nyéresháza (today Neresnyzja ) , after which it went as a forest railway 13.5 kilometers north with a branch to a quarry near Pelesalja (today Pidplescha ) via Tereselpatak (today Tarasiwka) to Kobilaerdö. The route was primarily used to transport the large amounts of wood that had been floated across the river to the railway in Taracköz up until then , the operation of the railway was initially incumbent on the piece to Tarasivka on the Hungarian Northeast Railway, from 1889 also on the other parts of the route. After its nationalization on August 1, 1890, management was transferred to the Hungarian State Railways , and on February 18, 1897, the local railway was then completely owned by the State Railways and a permit for passenger transport on the entire line was obtained. After devastating storms on April 26, 1894, the line between Tarasiwka and Kobyle was so badly damaged that it was no longer built. In 1908, however, a horse-powered field railway from Pidplescha was built 3.1 kilometers up the valley, this was built during the Carpathian battles in First World War 1915 extended by the military administration to Dombó (today Dubowe ).

Under Czechoslovak rule

Remnants of rails at the former train station in Ust-Tschorna

After the area of the Teresva Valley was added to Czechoslovakia in 1920 and now also known as Carpathian Ukraine , the Czechoslovak State Railways took over the local railway under the name Státní lesní dráha v UsťČorné in the second half of 1920, which had been inactive since the end of the war But operations have not yet resumed. Instead, there was a gauging the distance to 760 mm and 1 November 1922, the passenger traffic on the section between the nunmehrigen Teresva and Neresnice was recorded later, the rest of the way took over the Forest Service. The extension of the line to Ustčorna (today Ust-Tschorna ), which was required as early as 1918, was implemented between 1928 and 1930 according to plans drawn up from 1924 to 1926, and from 1930 the valleys north of the village ( Brusturjanka , Mokryanka , etc.) were also developed. The administrative headquarters, the operations management and the workshop including the depots were located in Ustčorna and a narrow-gauge network of over 100 kilometers was created, the main route leading from Teresva via Ustčorna, Ruská Mokrá (today Ruska Mokra ) and Nemecká Mokrá (today Nimezka Mokra ) into upper valley of Mokryanka. On April 1, 1936, the railway then became the property of the Buštino Forestry Administration (today Buschtyno ), which now led the operation under the name Teresvanská lesní dráha v období and now made it possible to travel the entire route without changing .

Under Soviet rule until 1998 in Ukraine

Former track bed near Ust-Tschorna

In 1939 the Carpathian Ukraine came to Hungary as a whole, but the routes remained in the hands of the forest administration and operations continued. After the withdrawal of the Hungarians at the end of the Second World War , the line was partially dismantled and damaged and in 1945, after the annexation of Carpathian Ukraine to the Soviet Union, it first became the property of the Soviet railways , which quickly gave it to the newly created logging combine Ust -Tschorna exits. Under the leadership of the combine, the track systems were renewed and converted back to the 760 mm gauge, and a large timber handling point was created in Tereswa. With further expansions in the side valleys, the route network reached its maximum extent of around 250 kilometers between 1947 and 1965. However, due to the increased use of trucks to transport wood and the associated neglect of the tracks, the network then shrank again. After the end of the Soviet Union, the railway was located in the newly formed Ukraine from 1991 , which is now залізна дорога лісокомбінату Устora-Чорнatoh Ust- Tschorna ("Railway line of the forest combine Ust-Tschorna") called operation was permanently endangered by an acute lack of fuel. In 1992 floods tore away parts of the route and a bridge, but this damage could be repaired. After heavy floods due to severe storms on 4th / 5th November 1998 in the catchment area of the Tereswa valley, large parts of the railway systems were damaged or destroyed (at least 14 kilometers of the route sank completely into the river bed), so it was decided not to rebuild operations. However, the forest administration endeavored to sell at least the rolling stock and the usable track material. In 2003 the tracks were completely removed, so that today little is reminiscent of the forest railway.

literature

Helmuth Lampeitl: Narrow Gauge Railways in Ukraine. Verlag Peter Pospischil, Vienna 2000 ( Bahn im Bild. Vol. 113, ZDB -ID 52827-4 ).

Karel Beneš: Železnice na Podkarpatské Rusi . Nakladatelství dopravy a turistiky spol. s ro, Prague 1995, ISBN 80-85884-32-1 .

Web links

Commons : Tereswatal Forest Railway - Collection of images, videos and audio files