Clausena lansium
| Clausena lansium | ||||||||||||
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Clausena lansium |
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| Clausena lansium | ||||||||||||
| ( Lour. ) Skeels |
Clausena lansium even wampi or Wampee called, is a flowering plant in the family Rutaceae (Rutaceae). It is native to Southeast Asia : Vietnam and the Chinese provinces of Fujian , Guangdong , Guangxi , southern Guizhou , Hainan , Sichuan , southeastern Yunnan .
description
Clausena lansium are strongly fragrant, evergreen trees that reach heights of growth of 12 to a maximum of 20 meters.
The soft and dark green, alternate, stalked leaves are pinnate having 5 to 11 pinna leaflet . The leaflet stalk is 4 to 8 mm long. The leathery, whole-edged to bulbous or roughly, distantly notched leaflets are ovate to lanceolate or elliptical, 6 to 14 cm long and 3 to 6 cm wide. The midrib is often hairy. At the top they are pointed to pointed or tailed.
The flowers appear at the end of March in a terminal, sometimes quite long and multi-flowered, panicle inflorescence . The flower buds are spherical. The very small, 4-5-fold and short-stalked, hermaphrodite flowers have a diameter of about 3 to 4 mm and have a double perianth . The minimal, broad, egg-shaped calyx lobes are about 1 mm in size. The 4 to 5 white petals are about 5 mm long. There are 10 stamens with stamens widened in the lower part. The discus is small. The hairy and surface permanent, multi-chambered, shortly stalked ovary with short, thick pen contains multiple compartments ovary with two ovules . The flowering period extends from April to May.
The berries, which are yellow when ripe, have slightly fine hairs , are spherical to ovoid, 1.5 to 3 cm long and 1 to 2 cm in diameter. Each fruit contains one to five seeds , which make up about 40 to 50% of the fruit's volume. The fruits with thin, tough skin with brownish, blackish oil cells and gelatinous, grape-like, juicy flesh ripen from July to August. The flat, smooth and egg-shaped, about 1.3-1.6 cm long seeds are green, shiny.
Systematics
This species was first described by João de Loureiro in 1790 as Quinaria lansium and placed in the genus Clausena by Homer Collar Skeels in 1909 . Other synonyms are Clausena wampi (Blanco) Oliver , Cookia wampi Blanco .
use
Clausena lansium are cultivated for their sweet and sour fruits . They are popular in China, Vietnam, the Philippines , Malaysia, and Indonesia . Clausena lansium is also grown in small numbers in India , Sri Lanka and Queensland, and sometimes in Florida and Hawaii .
They grow well in tropical or subtropical conditions and are prone to the cold. They prefer fat loess (clay), but grow on a wide variety of types of soil.
literature
- TK Lim: Edible Medicinal And Non-Medicinal Plants. Volume 4: Fruits , Springer, 2012, ISBN 978-94-007-4052-5 , pp. 871-883.
- Prof. Dianxiang Zhang & Thomas G. Hartley: Clausena in the Flora of China , Volume 11, p. 84: Clausena lansium - online .
- Rutaceae. In: A. Engler , K. Prantl (Ed.): The natural plant families. III. Part, sections 4th and 5th, Engelmann, 1897 ( online at Biblioteca Digital Real Jardín Botánico - CSIC).
Web links
- Wampee at Purdue.
- Clausena lansium at Useful Tropical Plants.
- Konrad Sehrwald: The fruit of the tropics. W. Süsserott, 1910, p. 93, archive.org .
Individual evidence
- ↑ a b J. F. Morton: Wampee. In: Julia F. Morton: Fruits of warm climates. Miami (FL) 1987, ISBN 0-9610184-1-0 , pp. 197-198. online .