Way mallow

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Way mallow
Way mallow (Malva neglecta)

Way mallow ( Malva neglecta )

Systematics
Eurosiden II
Order : Mallow-like (Malvales)
Family : Mallow family (Malvaceae)
Subfamily : Malvoideae
Genre : Mallow ( Malva )
Type : Way mallow
Scientific name
Malva neglecta
Wallr.

The common mallow ( Malva neglecta ) belongs to the subfamily of the Malvoideae within the mallow family (Malvaceae) and is also called field mallow, common mallow, goose mallow, poplar, hare poplar, cheese poplar, cheese herb, rosewood, or cavernous herb. In times of need, this type of plant was used as a vegetable and flour supplier, and occasionally as a medicinal herb. If the common mallow has a lot of nitrogen for nutrition, it poses a danger to animals due to the high concentration of nitrate .

description

illustration
Open flower
The stamen tube is hairy.
Fruit consisting of partial fruits. These are almost smooth on the back, usually tightly short-haired and not sharply edged at the edges.
Partial fruits and seeds contained therein

Vegetative characteristics

The common mallow is a deciduous, annual or biennial herbaceous plant . Short fiber roots are formed. The 15 to 60 centimeters long, prostrate to ascending stem is branched at its base.

The alternate leaves are arranged in a petiole and a leaf blade. The petiole is about 10 centimeters long. The leaf blade is round to kidney-shaped with a length and width of 2 to 6 centimeters, slightly five- to nine-lobed and serrated. The leaf blade is deeply furrowed by at least three leaf veins and hairy everywhere.

Generative characteristics

The lateral inflorescences contain one to six flowers. The hermaphroditic flowers are radial symmetry, five-fold, like a bag. There are three outer sepals. The five narrow, lanceolate, white to white-pink petals are usually 8 to 12 millimeters long, about twice as long as the calyx, and have deep margins. In the subfamily Malvoideae , the many stamens have grown together to form a tube surrounding the pistil , the so-called Columna . The anthers have a yellowish to whitish color.

The disc-like, round, greenish fruits are divided into 12 to 15 hairy segments with one seed each. Seeds have a button-like appearance with a diameter of 5 to 8 millimeters.

The basic chromosome number is x = 21; there is diploidy with a chromosome number of 2n = 42.

Similar species

The Mallow is sometimes confused with the Gundermann ( Glechoma hederacea ). However, this has opposite leaf stems, a square stem and gives off a mint-like odor. Distinguishing features of the common mallow are the sweet-tasting roots and cheese-like fruits. Another possibility of confusion is with the small-flowered mallow ( Malva pusilla ). The small-flowered mallow, however, has much smaller petals that are only 3 to 5 millimeters long and have only weak margins.

ecology

There is self-pollination or insect pollination with bees or flies. The diaspores are spread with the wind or as burdock.

Another characteristic of the path mallow is its epinasty .

Rust fungus and caterpillars of the butterfly species Pyrgus communis , Strymon melinus , Vanessa annabella (New World species), as well as Vanessa cardui , Helicoverpa zea and Heliothis virescens feed on the common mallow .

red natural range and blue neophyte

Occurrence

The natural range is in Europe and Western Asia . Malva neglecta is a neophyte in North America .

The common mallow thrives best on soil that is not too dry. Since it loves nitrogen, it likes to grow near stalls and compost heaps. It does not tolerate salt or heavy metals. In Central Europe, together with the small nettle ( Urtica urens ), it is a character species of the Urtico-Malvetum from the Sisymbrion association, but also occurs in over-fertilized societies of the order Polygono-Chenopodietalia. In the Allgäu Alps, it rises in the Tyrolean part on the plain above Steeg up to an altitude of 1250 meters.

Way mallow in the kitchen or in medicine

The leaves of the common mallow contain vitamin C and the flowers contain tannin. Octacosan, alkaloid and saponin (general) were found in the plant, it has a certain amount of antioxidants. When used in the kitchen, a possible high nitrate content, similar to rocket , should be taken into account.

In the kitchen, young leaves of the mallow are ideal as a substitute for salad, or cooked as vegetables or for thickening soups, as the leaves give off a slimy substance when cooked - like okra, which also belongs to the mallow family. The unripe seeds can also be used raw as a snack or cooked, they have a nutty taste. The fruits taste like cheese and were made into flour in times of need. The root brew can be used as a protein substitute. In Pakistan the plant is needed for the dish called 'panerak'.

There is a laboratory study showing evidence of the plant's effectiveness against stomach ulcers.

swell

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ a b c Malva neglecta at Plants For A Future . Retrieved May 14, 2006.
  2. ^ A b Anthony P. Knight and Richard G. Walter: Guide to Plant Poisoning of Animals in North America. Teton NewMedia. 2001. ISBN 1-893441-11-3 . P. 28.
  3. ^ Manfred A. Fischer, Karl Oswald, Wolfgang Adler: Excursion flora for Austria, Liechtenstein and South Tyrol . 3rd, improved edition. Province of Upper Austria, Biology Center of the Upper Austrian State Museums, Linz 2008, ISBN 978-3-85474-187-9 , p. 616 .
  4. ↑ a b Erich Oberdorfer : Plant-sociological excursion flora for Germany and neighboring areas. 8th edition. Stuttgart, Verlag Eugen Ulmer, 2001. Page 659. ISBN 3-8001-3131-5
  5. ↑ HC Yin: Diaphototropic Movement of the Leaves of Malva neglecta. In: American Journal of Botany. 25/1/1938. Pp. 1-6. First page online
  6. ↑ Erhard Dörr, Wolfgang Lippert : Flora of the Allgäu and its surroundings. Volume 2, IHW, Eching 2004, ISBN 3-930167-61-1 , p. 217.
  7. ↑ Dr. Duke's Phytochemical and Ethnobotanical Databases. Online database. ( Memento of November 19, 2004 in the Internet Archive ) Retrieved May 14, 2006.
  8. ↑ Faraz Mojab among others: Phytochemical Screening of Some Species of Iranian Plants. In: Iranian J Pharm Res . - / - / 2003. Pp. 77-82. Online version ( Memento from August 10, 2004 in the Internet Archive )
  9. ↑ Ahmad Mavi among others: Antioxidant properties of some medicinal plants :. .. In: Biol Pharm Bull . 27/5/2004. Pp. 702-5. Online version ( Memento from March 3, 2008 in the Internet Archive )
  10. ↑ Marc Heinen: Wild flour suppliers. Regulus 4 / - / 2000. Pp. 10-11. Online version
  11. ↑ I. Gurbuz include: anti-ulcerogenic activity of some plants used in folk medicine of Pinarbasi (Kayseri, Turkey). J Ethnopharmacol . 101 / - / 2005. Pp. 313-8. PMID 16085377

Web links

Commons : Weg-Mallow ( Malva neglecta )  - album with pictures, videos and audio files