Wilhelm Zais (politician, 1798)

from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Wilhelm Zais, painted around 1850 by Benjamin Orth
Adolphine Zais

Wilhelm Zais (born February 4, 1798 in Stuttgart ; † January 16, 1861 there ) was a doctor , hotelier and liberal member of the Nassau state parliament .

Life

Wilhelm Zais attended high school in Wiesbaden (according to Rösner in Mainz). In 1817 Wilhelm Zais began his studies in Tübingen , from where he was called back to Wiesbaden after barely a year to support his mother and to complete the construction of the Four Seasons . He studied medicine at the University of Bonn and completed his studies in the winter semester of 1821/22. During his studies in 1819 he became a member of the Old Tübingen fraternity Germania . After completing his practical training, he passed the state examination in Wiesbaden on November 5, 1823 and was then awarded a Dr. med. doctorate and worked as a doctor in Wiesbaden from 1824. In 1825 he traveled to Paris, Brussels, London and Amsterdam for further training. In 1827 he was granted medical license in Wiesbaden. In 1831 he called for mutual aid when cholera broke out. He published a case of illness in which he was able to give birth through an abdominal incision and save the mother. In 1840 he was appointed Medical Councilor in Wiesbaden .

In addition, since 1837 he has been running the luxury hotel Vier Jahreszeiten built by his father as a hotelier and contributed to the promotion of the cure in both functions . Politics was made in the hotel, but the arts were also promoted. On March 29, 1858, in a soireé, the string quartet No. 2 0p. 90 premiered by Joachim Raff . Everyone who had a reputation in Europe visited this hotel, and for the whole spectrum of visitors only Sissi , the Tsar and Richard Wagner are mentioned here. The Taunus-Zeitung of March 10th, 1884 we can see that from March 10th the Empress of Austria stayed with Archduchess Valerie together with a stately court in around 60 rooms of the "Four Seasons". At the farewell on April 10th, the hotel owner Zais received a splendid ring, which is adorned with the empress's name code with a crown and diamonds and an eagle embossed in gold. The staff also received partly diamond rings and partly money gifts.

The four seasons hotel and bathhouse in Wiesbaden, which was destroyed in the Second World War (completed in 1821)

politics

He was brought up liberally at home. His mother warned him, since he joined the fraternity: "I always have a bit of concern about your so-called fraternities, just don't take any of these stories, so that I won't have to experience any misfortune."

From 1843 to 1844 he promoted the ideas of the embellishment association and published the patriotic wishes of a Wiesbaden resident for the prosperity and continued prosperity of this health resort . He also presented the plan for a coherent arrangement of Wiesbaden's surroundings . In the pre-March period he belonged to the Weidig circle. During these years the Hotel Vier Jahreszeiten has developed into a central meeting place for liberals. It was there that the Nassauer's nine demands were resolved and announced the next day by August Hergenhahn from the steps of the theater. He thought about "the Basic Law of the German Nation". He called for the establishment of four political principles: popular sovereignty, freedom and equality, separation of powers, federal statehood. He said explicitly: "We do not consider the position of a German emperor to be tenable given the prevailing democratic tendencies of our time ... An empire would get into incessant conflicts with this folk spirit." With this statement he had "leaned far out the window" because The nobility still had the say and they also frequented their hotel. The receipt was the discharge from civil service without a pension entitlement. Because of his political attitude, he was also attacked by Karl Marx .

Zais was a leading liberal in Wiesbaden. He was the author of a number of political writings. From 1846 to 1848 he was (elected for the group of landowners in the Wiesbaden constituency) member of the State Deputy Assembly , the second chamber of the estates (Landtag) of the Duchy of Nassau . From 1858 to 1860 he was a member of the second chamber of the Nassau estates for constituency XXII (city of Wiesbaden). In 1848 he was a member of the pre-parliament . He was nominated but not elected for the Frankfurt National Assembly.

In the reaction era , he was dismissed as a medical councilor in 1852 and could no longer exercise political influence.

He mastered this grueling life with humor. During his studies in Bonn he was infected by Rhenish humor and so he was consequently appointed in 1833 as an honorary member of the Enlightened Moon University and the Mounted Academy of Arts and Sciences or, for short, Dülken Fools Academy . This included dignitaries from all over Germany such as Johann Wolfgang von Goethe , Joseph Görres, etc. He also worked on the committee of the Wiesbaden Carneval Association, which was founded in the 1840s and which prepared the "very first true fool's meeting".

A comprehensive necrology appeared in the Balneologische Zeitung.

family

Wilhelm Zais was born in 1798 as the son of the architect Johann Christian Zais (1770–1820). His mother was Maria Sybilla Josepha Zais , née Schalch (* May 3, 1770; † June 13, 1844), the daughter of the chief magistrate Thaddäus Petrus Julius Schalch , worked as the office administrator for Franz Ludwig Schenk von Castell , the Malefizschenken.

Wilhelm Zais married on October 18, 1830 in Gießen Adolphine Barbara Engelbertine Caroline Eleonore Zais, born Floret (* August 1806 in Gießen; † January 15, 1876 in Wiesbaden ), the daughter of the Higher Appeal Judge and Privy Councilor Peter Floret .

Works

In 1853 he published a drama The Magic Ring .

literature

  • Helge Dvorak: Biographical Lexicon of the German Burschenschaft. Volume 1: Politicians. Part 6: T – Z. Winter, Heidelberg 2005, ISBN 3-8253-5063-0 , pp. 404-405.
  • Jochen Lengemann : MdL Hessen. 1808-1996. Biographical index (= political and parliamentary history of the state of Hesse. Vol. 14 = publications of the Historical Commission for Hesse. Vol. 48, 7). Elwert, Marburg 1996, ISBN 3-7708-1071-6 , p. 423.
  • Nassau parliamentarians. Part 1: Cornelia Rösner: The Landtag of the Duchy of Nassau 1818–1866 (= publications of the Historical Commission for Nassau. 59 = Prehistory and history of parliamentarism in Hesse. 16). Historical Commission for Nassau, Wiesbaden 1997, ISBN 3-930221-00-4 , pp. 194-194.

Web links

Commons : Wilhelm Zais  - Collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Max Doblinger and Georg Schmidgall: "History and membership lists of fraternities in old Austria and Tübingen from 1816–1936", Verlag für Kippenforschung und Wappenkunde CAStarke, Görlitz; A. The Germania fraternity 1816–1936, page 68, no. 319
  2. ↑ Call for mutual assistance in the event of an outbreak of cholera. Extraordinary supplement to the Augsburger Allgemeine Zeitung, No. 425 and 426, November 2, 1831.
  3. ↑ A case of graviditas abdominalis, in which the abdominal incision gave birth and the mother was preserved. In: Journal of practical medicine, surgery and obstetrics for country doctors and surgeons. Vol. 1, 1831, ZDB -ID 310170-8 , pp. 67-79 .
  4. ^ The essential Raff reference.
  5. ↑ Rudolf Krönke: "What hardly anyone knew: Empress Sisi stayed in Königstein", Königsteiner Woche September 25, 1998
  6. ↑ Michael Wettengel: “The Revolution of 1848/49 in the Rhine-Main Area”, self-published by the Historical Commission for Nassau, Wiesbaden 1989
  7. ↑ Dr. W. Zais: Thoughts on the Basic Law of the German Nation. Stein, Wiesbaden 1848, (special print from Der Volksfreund. 1848, ZDB -ID 1459847-4 ).
  8. ↑ Wolf-Heino Struck : The pursuit of civil liberty and national unity in the view of the Duchy of Nassau. A contribution to the assessment of the decision of 1866. In: Nassauische Annalen . Vol. 77, 1966, pp. 142-216.
  9. ^ Karl Marx: The Erfurterei in 1859. In: Das Volk. No. 10 of July 9, 1859.
  10. ↑ Heinrich Goossens: The Dülken Narren Academy or "The Enlightened Moon University and Mounted Academy of Arts and Sciences". A contribution to the history of Rhenish humor. M. Schmitz, Dülken 1901.
  11. ^ Balneological newspaper. Correspondence sheet of the German Society for Hydrology. Vol. 10, No. 16, February 4, 1861, ZDB -ID 603021-x , pp. 254-256 .
  12. ^ Immo Eberl : The families and civil status cases in the parishes of the town of Schelklingen (1602–1621, 1692–1875) and Urspring Monastery (1657–1832). 2nd Edition. Rothenbacher, Mannheim 2012.
personal data
SURNAME Zais, Wilhelm
BRIEF DESCRIPTION liberal Nassau politician
DATE OF BIRTH February 4, 1798
PLACE OF BIRTH Wiesbaden
DATE OF DEATH January 16, 1861
Place of death Wiesbaden