William Trost Richards

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William Trost Richards , photo around 1900

William Trost Richards (born November 14, 1833 in Philadelphia , Pennsylvania , † November 8, 1905 in Newport , Rhode Island ) was an American landscape and marine painter . His work is related to the Hudson River School , the Düsseldorf School of Painting , Ruskinism , Luminism and Pre-Raphaelism in the United States.

Life

Beach Scene with Barrel and Anchor , watercolor 1870
Seascape with Distant Lighthouse, Atlantic City, New Jersey (Coastal landscape near Atlantic City (New Jersey) with lighthouse in the distance) , oil on canvas, 1873, Thyssen-Bornemisza Museum , Madrid
Old Orchard at Newport, Rhode Island (Old Orchard at Newport, Rhode Island) , oil on canvas, 1875
Rhode Island Coast, Conanicut Island ( Conanicut Island on the coast of Rhode Island ) , watercolor around 1880
Graycliff (Richards' summer home in Newport, Rhode Island ) , watercolor 1882

From 1846 to 1847, Richards attended Central High School in his hometown. Between 1850 and 1855 he studied - also in Philadelphia - with the German painter Paul Weber , where he met the painter William Stanley Haseltine in 1853 . At the same time he worked as a designer of handicraft metal products for the company Archer, Warner & Miskey, in particular for fittings for gas lighting and for candelabras. In 1852 he had his first exhibition at the Pennsylvania Academy of the Fine Arts , and in 1858 another exhibition in New Bedford (Massachusetts) , organized by the painter Albert Bierstadt . During a trip to New York City in 1854 he met the Hudson River painters John Frederick Kensett , Frederic Edwin Church , Samuel Colman and Jasper Francis Cropsey . In 1855/1856 and 1866/1867 he made trips to Europe, visiting France, Italy, Switzerland and Germany. A three-month stay in Düsseldorf for artistic training is guaranteed for the year 1856, during which he moved in the company of Haseltine and was tutored by Andreas Achenbach . A second visit to this city (also trips to Darmstadt, Heidelberg and Nuremberg) took place in 1867. In 1856 Richards returned from his first trip to Europe to the United States and settled in Germantown (Philadelphia) , where he married Anna Matlack († 1900) in the same year. In the following years he went on summer study trips to the Catskill Mountains , the Adirondack Mountains and Pennsylvania. In 1862 he was made an honorary member of the National Academy of Design , in 1871 a full member ( Academician ). In 1863 he was also appointed a member of the Society for the Advancement of Truth in Art , an organization of American pre-Raphaelites. After his second trip to Europe (1866/1867), Richards spent his summers on the American east coast , where he painted many of his famous coastal landscapes. From 1874 he was a member of the American Watercolor Society . After buying a house in Newport, Rhode Island, he spent his summers and winters in Germantown there. In the years 1879/1880 he undertook a third trip to Europe, during which he spent the winters in London and the summers on the European continent. In 1881/1882 he had the summer house Graycliff ("gray cliff") built in Newport. In 1884 he exchanged his house in Germantown for a farm in Oldmixon (now a district of Weston-super-Mare on the Bristol Channel in North Somerset , United Kingdom ). In the following years until his death he traveled to Europe every year, where he visited England , Wales and Scotland as well as Norway .

Works (selection)

Richards' landscape and marine painting, which can be found in oil paintings, sketches and watercolors, overcame the romanticism of the Düsseldorf School and the Hudson River School with an emphatically realistic representation, which in part has almost photorealistic features and follows John Ruskin's conception of art ("Truth of nature").

  • View of Stolzenfels with the Rhine Valley and Lahneck Castle , oil on canvas, 1856, Brooklyn Museum , New York
  • Truth to Nature , watercolor with gouache, between 1855 and 1860, Florence Griswold Museum, Old Lyme , Connecticut
  • Woodland Landscape , oil on canvas, 1860
  • Recruiting Station (military training camp near Bethlehem / Pennsylvania ) , oil on canvas, 1862
  • Beach Scene with Barrel and Anchor , watercolor, 1870, Brooklyn Museum, New York
  • Moonlight on Mount Lafayette, New Hampshire (Moonlight on Mount Lafayette, New Hampshire) , watercolor with gouache, 1873
  • Seascape with Distant Lighthouse, Atlantic City, New Jersey (Coastal landscape near Atlantic City (New Jersey) with lighthouse in the distance) , oil on canvas, 1873, Thyssen-Bornemisza Museum , Madrid
  • Old Orchard at Newport, Rhode Island (Old Orchard at Newport, Rhode Island) , oil on canvas, 1875
  • Rhode Iceland Coast, Conanicut Iceland ( Conanicut Iceland on the coast of Rhode Iceland ) , Watercolor in 1880, Brooklyn Museum, New York
  • Graycliff (Richards' Summer House) , watercolor, 1882
  • The League Long Breakers Thundering on the Reef , oil on canvas, 1887, Brooklyn Museum, New York
  • Early Summer , oil on canvas, 1888, Brooklyn Museum, New York
  • View of the Artist's Home Graycliff in Newport, Rhode Island (View of Graycliff) , oil on canvas, 1894
  • Seascape , oil on canvas, 1897, Museum of Fine Arts, Houston

Web links

Commons : William Trost Richards  - Collection of pictures, videos and audio files

literature

  • Linda S. Ferber: "Never at Fault". The Drawings of William Trost Richards . The Hudson River Museum, Yonkers / New York 1986 (detailed biography p. 8 ff.)
  • Carol Margot Osborne: William Trust Richards. True to Nature. Drawings, Watercolors and Oil Scetches at Stanford University . Iris & B. Gerald Cantor Center for Visual Arts at Stanford University, in association with Philip Wilson Publishers, London 2010, ISBN 978-0-85667-678-9

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ See article William Trost Richards in the English language Wikipedia
  2. ↑ William Trost Richards . In: Wend von Kalnein (Ed.): The Düsseldorf School of Painting . Verlag Philipp von Zabern, Mainz 1979, ISBN 3-8053-0409-9 , p. 431
  3. ↑ Bettina Baumgärtel, Sabine Schroyen, Lydia Immerheiser, Sabine Teichgröb: Directory of foreign artists. Nationality, residence and studies in Düsseldorf . In: Bettina Baumgärtel (Hrsg.): The Düsseldorf School of Painting and its international impact 1819–1918 . Michael Imhof Verlag, Petersberg 2011, ISBN 978-3-86568-702-9 , Volume 1, p. 438
  4. ↑ Natalie Spassky with Linda Bantel, Doreen Bolger Burke, Meg Perlman, Amy L. Walsh: American Paintings in the Metropolitan Museum of Art . Volume II: A Catalog of Works by Artists Born between 1816 and 1845 . The Metropolitan Museum of Art, in association with Princeton University Press, New York 1985, ISBN 0-87099-440-9 , p. XXVIII ( Google Books )
  5. ^ Wend von Kalnein: The influence of Düsseldorf on painting outside Germany . In: Wend von Kalnein (Ed.), P. 203
  6. ^ Bettina Baumgärtel: Chronicle of the Düsseldorf School of Painting 1815–2011 . In: Bettina Baumgärtel (Ed.), Volume 1, p. 368
  7. ↑ William Trost Richards . In: Joan M. Marter (Ed.): The Grove Encyclopedia of American Art . Volume 1, Oxford University Press, New York 2011, ISBN 978-0-19-533579-8 , p. 252 ( Google Books )
personal data
SURNAME Richards, William Trost
BRIEF DESCRIPTION American landscape and marine painter
DATE OF BIRTH November 14, 1833
PLACE OF BIRTH Philadelphia , Pennsylvania
DATE OF DEATH November 8, 1905
Place of death Newport , Rhode Island