William Walcot

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William Walcot

William Walcot Franzevich ( Russian Вильям Францевич Валькот ; born March 10, jul. / 22. March  1874 greg. Lustdorf on the outskirts of Odessa , † 21st May 1943 in Hurstpierpoint, West Sussex ) was a British - Russian architect and artist .

Life

Walcot was born in 1874 in the German colony Lustdorf on the outskirts of Odessa, today the district of Odessa Чорноморка Tschornomorka . Walcot was the eldest son of the Scottish merchant Enoch Shannon (1854-1895), who called himself Frank Walcot. Walcots mother Jekaterina (1853-1940) was the daughter of the German colonist Gottlieb Reichert, whose ancestors had settled in New Russia under Catherine II .

Walcot grew up with his parents in Spain , South America , South Africa , Bayonne and Bordeaux . At the age of 17 he returned to Russia to study at the Imperial Academy of Arts in St. Petersburg . He graduated in 1897 in the class of Leonti Benois and then studied further in Paris with Gaston Redon and at the Académie des Beaux-Arts . He then worked for some time in the ceramics workshops of the Abramzewo Sawwa Ivanovich Mamontov artists' colony near Moscow .

In 1898 Mamontov bought land on Moscow's Teatralny Projesd for the construction of the Hotel Metropol cultural and business center , the core of which was to be the hall for Mamontov's opera. Lew Kekuschew won 1st prize in the public building competition , while Walcot only received 4th prize for his project with the woman's head logo . Despite this, Mamontow, against the advice of the experts, gave Walcot the job. After Mamontov's bankruptcy and arrest for fraudulent financial manipulation in 1899, the new owners commissioned the St. Petersburg insurance company to carry out the project with Kekuschew as the project manager. The building no longer had much in common with Walcot's project, but the woman's head logo was retained in the interior. The building, which burned down in 1901 and was rebuilt in 1905, became very famous for the interiors designed by Mikhail Vrubel , Alexander Golowin and Nikolai Andrejew . In 1898 Mamontov bought land on Moscow's Teatralny Projesd for the construction of the Hotel Metropol cultural and business center , the core of which was to be the hall for Mamontov's opera. Lew Kekuschew won 1st prize in the public building competition , while Walcot only received 4th prize for his project with the woman's head logo . Despite this, Mamontow, against the advice of the experts, gave Walcot the job. After Mamontov's bankruptcy and arrest for fraudulent financial manipulation in 1899, the new owners commissioned the St. Petersburg insurance company to carry out the project with Kekuschew as the project manager. The building no longer had much in common with Walcot's project, but the woman's head logo was retained in the interior. The building, which burned out in 1901, was rebuilt in 1905.

On the neighboring Pretschistenski Pereulok, Walcot built the Yakuntschikowa Villa (1899–1900) at the expense of the Moscow Trading and Construction Corporation founded by Jacob Reck in 1899 , and the Gutheil Villa (1902–1903) for Karl Alexandrowitsch Gutheil, son of the music publisher AB Gutheil ), in which he again used the woman's head logo. Walcot created mosaics in Kekuschew's villa at 8 Glasowski Pereulok (sold in 1900 to Otto Adolfowitsch List, nephew of Gustav List , so that the villa is known as the List villa) . Walcot was a representative of the Art Nouveau style in Moscow Modernism, whereby Walcot's style, the so-called "English Modernism", differed significantly from the style of Kekuschew, which was based on the Franco - Belgian Modernism of Victor Horta . Walcot regularly published sketches of his projects in specialist magazines, which greatly influenced the architects of his time. He also built a hotel dormitory (Spiridonjewski Pereulok 9) and a tenement house (1900–1903, Mjasnizki Projesd 4/3) for the Moscow trading and construction joint-stock company with Ivan Kondatenko . 1902–1905 he was less successful in public building competitions. Although he won the 1902 competition for the Cathedral of St. Peter and Paul , the congregation decided on Viktor Kosov's project . In 1904 Walcot lost to Adolf Minkus with the apartment building project for the Polytechnic Society at the Mjasnizki Projesd. The building, built in 1907, incorporated elements from Walcot's project.

In 1905 he went to the Isle of Wight with his sick wife , where she died soon after. He settled in London in 1906 and initially worked as a draftsman for the South African architect Eustace Frere. He became known for his artistic representations of the designs of other architects, which he exhibited in the Summer Exhibitions of the Royal Academy of Arts . He also presented reconstructions of ancient Greek , Roman , Babylonian and Egyptian buildings. In 1917 he drew the Lion of Belfort for the defenders of Verdun . He published studies of the human body.

Walcot became a member of the Royal Society of British Artists (1913), Associate of the Royal Society of Painter-Etchers and Engravers (1916) and Fellow of the Royal Institute of British Architects (1922) and Associate of the British School at Rome . With Cyril Farey , Walcot was one of the most sought-after architectural illustrators of the 1920s and 1930s. With his gouaches and watercolors, he developed his own impressionistic style, which earned him numerous commissions from Edwin Lutyens , Herbert Baker and Aston Webb .

With the outbreak of the Second World War , Walcots broke off work. In 1943, he committed suicide in Hurstpierpoint (West Sussex) suicide .

Works

  • Hotel Metropol , Teatralny Projesd 2, Moscow

  • Yakunchikova Villa, 10 Pretschistenski Pereulok, Moscow

  • Gutheil-Villa, Pretschistenski Pereulok 8, Moscow

  • Mosaic, List Villa, Glasowski Pereulok 8, Moscow

  • Lion of Belfort

  • Nude study

Web links

Commons : William Walcot  - Collection of Images, Videos and Audio Files

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ a b c Романюк С. К .: Вильям Валькот, или История создания Метрополя. In: С любовью и тревогой. Статьи. Очерки. Рассказы . Moscow 1990, ISBN 5-265-00326-6 , pp. 232-243 .
  2. ^ A b c Elizabeth Harvey-Lee: William Walcot, An Architect-Etcher and quintessential artist of the Modern British Etching Boom . ( [1] accessed on January 2, 2018).
  3. ↑ Naschtschokina MW : Московский модерн. Творческие портреты . 3. Edition. Жираф, Moscow 2005, ISBN 5-89832-043-1 , p. 102-107 .
  4. ↑ Fabien Bellat, Sylvie Dominique: L'architecte William Walcot, d'une autre l'culture . In: HISTOIRE DE L'ART . No. 72 , 2013, p. 1–12 ( [2] accessed on January 2, 2018 [PDF]).
  5. ↑ Oxford Index: Walcot, William , accessed January 1, 2018.
  6. ^ A b c William Craft Brumfield : The Origins of Modernism in Russian Architecture . University of California Press, 1991.
  7. ↑ Naschtschokina MW: Московский модерн . 2nd Edition. Жираф, Moscow 2005, ISBN 5-89832-042-3 , pp. 290 .
  8. ^ Architectural Watercolors and Etchings of William Walcot . HC Dickins, London 1919.
  9. ^ W Walcot: Studies of the human figure: with some notes on drawing and anatomy . 1918.
personal data
SURNAME Walcot, William
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Walcot, William Franzewitsch (full name); Валькот, Вильям Францевич (Russian)
BRIEF DESCRIPTION British-Russian architect and draftsman
DATE OF BIRTH March 22, 1874
PLACE OF BIRTH Lustdorf , Odessa
DATE OF DEATH May 21, 1943
Place of death Hurstpierpoint, West Sussex