Wilzschmühle

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Wilzschmühle
City of Eibenstock
Coordinates: 50 ° 27 ′ 21 ″  N , 12 ° 32 ′ 42 ″  E
Height : 677 m
Postal code : 08309
Area code : 037752
Wilzschmühle (Saxony)
Wilzschmühle

Location of Wilzschmühle in Saxony
Wilzschmühle in the Wilzsch valley

Wilzschmühle is a former residential area on the Wilzsch River that belongs to the Carlsfeld district of the town of Eibenstock in the Saxon Ore Mountains District .

Surname

Wilzschberg and Wilzsche Houses on a map from around 1900

The location was not always called Wilzschmühle . Karl Gottlob Dietmann reported in 1755 that the Wiltzsch and the forester's house, facing Karlsfeld , were parish in Schönheide. In his map series from the beginning of the 18th century, Adam Friedrich Zürner uses the name Wilschh. (for “Wilschhaus”) and adds deer antlers as a sign of a forester's house. The location bears the name Wilsch- or Forsthaus in the Saxon Meilenblatt from 1791 . The new alphabetical list of places of the Kingdom of Saxony from 1837 mentions a Wilzschhaus with the addition of a forester's house on the Wilzsch , it would consist of a single house, namely a house with seven residents. Church and school it belongs to Carlsfeld. "Houses on Wilzschgrund" are also listed and classified as "individual houses" which, like the forester's house, are described as belonging to Carlsfeld, but without specifying the number of residential buildings and residents. In the middle of the 19th century there were the names Wilzschgrund and Wilzschäuser , as described by Albert Schiffner in his handbook of geography, statistics and topography of the Kingdom of Saxony :

"Wilzschgrund, some houses individually located under Carolsfeld an der Wilzsch next to the Wilzschberge and counted there, including the Wilzschhaus, a forester's house only inhabited by the forester, under the office."

This description is congruent with that in the "Alphabetical index of places". Around 1848 Albert Schiffner wrote in his “Führer im Muldenthale” that Wilzsch received

"From the east or from Zeisiggesange the little Wilzsch [and] then touches the isolated royal forest or Wilzschhaus, opposite which the Wilzschberg rises" .

In an ecclesiastical statistical handbook from 1859 it is said that the Wilzschhausen parish was also part of Carlsfeld . This means the houses of Wilzschmühle. This residential area is still referred to as "Wilzsche houses" on a map from around 1900 .

geography

Wilzschmühle located in West Erzgebirge at a height of 674.6  meters above sea level. NHN to 685.2  u m. NHN on the Wilzsch . It flows along the northern edge of the settlement. Above Wilzschmühle, after the confluence of the right Wilzsch tributary Wolfseifenbach , the narrow Wilzsch valley widens to form an unwooded, flat area that accommodates the small Wilzschmühle settlement. Below the valley becomes narrower again after the confluence of the left tributary Wölflebächel . Above the settlement area, the Schlangenweg branches off in a northerly direction , which runs in the forest on the slope parallel to the Wilzsch to the west-north-west and joins the Rautenkranzer Straße, which leads from Rautenkranz via the small settlement Neues Wiesenhaus to Eibenstock. It is an old connecting road, which is now classified as a road reserved for forest vehicles and cyclists. The border with the Czech Republic is just under 6 kilometers away. According to the natural space map of Saxony, Wilzschmühle is in the microgeochore "Carlsfelder Wilzsch-Tal" and is part of the mesogeochore "Eibenstocker Bergrücken".

Below Wilzschmühle in the Wilzsch valley is the Neues Wiesenhaus residential area and above the Blechhammer settlement .

climate

The Wilzsch valley area, with an annual mean temperature of 5.1 ° C to 6.1 ° C (downstream), is one of the coldest areas in the upper Western Ore Mountains. In terms of air movement, it is one of the valleys with low exchange rates and the resulting special risk of frost. In the Wilzsch area there are "wind-protected, but frost-prone valleys due to radiation deficits", numerous foggy days and "sunny and shady slopes."

history

In the area of ​​the forest area between Eibenstock, Zwickauer Mulde and Wilzsch, characterized by the Riedertberg ( 775.3  m above sea  level ), profitable tin mining was practiced as early as 1500. In Wilzschmühle, the name of the Wolfseifenbach, which flows to the right of the Wilzsch and flows into the Wilzsch in this place, is reminiscent of mining. In a representation of the mines and their ancillary facilities in the area west of Eibenstock from 1520, the "Berckwerck vf der ferdern schmochav" (pewter mine front Schochau) east of the Wolfseifenbach is shown. It was probably only later that the eponymous Wilzschmühle existed as a sawmill, a forester's house, a pitch hut and, further down the valley, a wood grinding shop. The wood grinding shop was a branch of the wood pulp and cardboard factory founded by Louis Friedrich in Wilzschhaus on the Zwickauer Mulde in 1855. When this plant in Wilzschmühle was built and until when it existed is unknown. In the 1920s it was called a wood pulp factory and in 1937 it became the property of a Thuringian paper factory. The sawmill lasted for a very long time. In the mid-1970s, the sawmill was described as “ of increasing importance for Carlsfeld's economic life” and belonged to the VEB Sägewerk Marienberg . The sawmill, which also had a siding, operated until 1992. It was demolished in 2007. In 2007, a plant for the production of wood briquettes and wood chips from Energie Eibenstock GmbH & Co. KG was built on his site. This company also trades in split logs and supplies local heating to customers.

Factory for the production of wood building materials in Wizschmühle at Staatsstrasse 276

In 2015 there were no more remains of the earlier sawmill. The vacation home of VEB Braunkohlenkombinat (BKK) Borna "Martin Andersen Nexö" existed in Borna since the 1950s or 1960s and was also known as the children's holiday camp . For this purpose, a larger supplementary building was built next to an older small restaurant. Postcards with pictures of the holiday home were labeled Luftkurort Carlsfeld Ortslage Wilzschmühle or Luftkurort Carlsfeld-Wilzschmühle / Erzg. ; thus the healthy forest air (probably in contrast to the air pollution in Borna) was emphasized. In the past, the recreation facility was also known as the "Martin Andersen Nexö holiday home of the VEB Braunkohlenwerk Großzössen, Leipzig district". There was also a small swimming pool. The buildings were still in ruins in 2015.
The settlement, which is far from apiaries, was for a long time the location of a location for beekeeping.

Forsthaus Wilzschmühle from 1804

In the already wooded narrow valley, the forester's house lies down the wilzschab as a ruin. The house is dated 1804 in the stone above the front door . 1839 Albert Schiffner describes the location of the forester's house from the east in this range of Wilzsch Wilzschberg of: "The latter are facing the forester's house at the Wilzsch and Pechhütte." Schiffner called the Forsthaus expressly Wilzschhaus , later, around 1848, when " royal forest or Wilzschhaus ” . In 2015, a brick annex building facing the Wilzsch served as a base for the nature conservation association Grüne Aktion Westzgebirge .

Wilzschmühle belonged to the municipality of Carlsfeld and was incorporated into the town of Eibenstock in 1997. Only ruins remain of the earlier settlement and there are no longer any inhabitants. In addition to these building ruins, only the production halls of the fuel factory are on the Wilzschmühle site.

traffic

Long-distance cycle route Euregio Egrensis in Wilzschmühle

State road 276 from Wilzschhaus to Carlsfeld opens up Wilzschmühle. A school bus route runs on it.

In Wilzschmühle there was a stop on the Wilkau-Haßlau-Carlsfeld narrow-gauge railway . The connection to the railway network at the end of the 19th century was important for the wood processing industry in the Wilzschtal. Only small traces of the railway system can be seen, such as a bridge over the Wilzsch south of the state road.

The long-distance cycle path "Euregio Egrensis" leads through Wilzschmühle from Wolfseifenbachweg over the state road down wilzsch in the direction of Morgenröthe-Rautenkranz . At the southeast end of Wilzschmühle there are information boards for this long-distance cycle path.

gallery

  • Wilzschmühle earlier and 2015

  • Mining on the Wilzsch - illustration around 1500

  • Bridge over the Wilzsch for the narrow-gauge railway that used to stop here

  • Wilzschmühle 2015: An area that is still open on the Wilzsch

  • Vacation home "Martin Andersen Nexö" of VEB BKK Böhlen around 1960

  • Vacation home of VEB BKK Böhlen with hammer and mallet - state 2015

Web links

Commons : Wilzschmühle (Eibenstock)  - Collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Karl Gottlob Dietmann : The entire ... priesthood in the Electorate of Saxony ... Volume I.3: Konsistorium Wittenberg. Richter, Dresden, Leipzig 1755, p. 609 ( digitized in the University Library in Halle ).
  2. ↑ Adam Friedrich Zürner : Atlas Augusteus Saxonicus (copy A), map of the Erzgebirgischen Kreis, 1711-1742, description: XVIII, General-Charte von Gebürgischen Creisse. Of the Electorate of Saxony Ertzgebürgischer Creis, in which the offices contain […] , dating: 1711–1742. Link to the map in the Dresden State and University Library
  3. ↑ Sheet 211 of the Sächsische Meilenblätter - Freiberg specimen - from 1791 with additions to 1876. As a later addendum, according to the appearance of the map, the designation of the location cannot be assumed. Link to the map in the Dresden State and University Library
  4. ^ New alphabetical index of places of the Kingdom of Saxony. Compiled according to official reports by the Central Committee of the statistical association for the Kingdom of Saxony. With the most gracious privilege granted. Verlag der Waltherschen Hofbuchhandlung. Second department M.-Z. Dresden 1837, p. 341 digitized
  5. ^ A b Albert Schiffner: Handbook of geography, statistics and topography of the Kingdom of Saxony . First delivery, containing the Zwickau directions district, from Friedrich Fleischer Leipzig 1839, p. 197 digital copy , accessed on August 22, 2015
  6. ^ A b Albert Schiffner: The leader in the Muldenthale, from the Voigtlands heights to the union of the two hollows . In 16 deliveries, containing 37 views, taken from nature by Gustav Täubert, lithographed by J. Riedel, Verlag von Gustav Täubert, Dresden (no year, 1848), p. 12
  7. ↑ Carl Ramming: Ramming's Kirchlich-Statistisches Handbuch for the Kingdom of Saxony , sixth edition, printed and published by Ramming's Buchdruckerei, Dresden 1859, p. 307 digitized version , accessed on August 22, 2015
  8. ↑ Tourist map of the area around Zwickau, scale 1: 125,000, 6th edition, Wittig and Schobloch Verlagbuchhandlung Dresden-Wachwitz, undated (approx. 1900)
  9. ↑ a b Topographical map 5541-NW-Wilzschhaus of the State Surveying Office Saxony, 1st edition, Dresden 1996. The specification of 641 meters in Müller's Großes Deutsches Ortsbuch from 2012, p. 1520 should not apply
  10. ↑ Natural space map service of the Landschaftsforschungszentrum eV Dresden ( information )
  11. ↑ Saxon State Office for the Environment, Agriculture and Geology, area of ​​landscape ecology, area nature conservation, technical contribution to the landscape program - natural space and land use - profile "Upper Western Ore Mountains", n.d., p. 4 [1]
  12. ↑ Saxon State Office for the Environment, Agriculture and Geology, area of ​​landscape ecology, area nature protection, technical contribution to the landscape program - natural space and land use - profile "Upper Western Ore Mountains", n.d., p. 5 [2]
  13. ↑ Saxon State Office for the Environment, Agriculture and Geology, area of ​​landscape ecology, area nature conservation, specialist contribution to the landscape program - natural space and land use - profile "Upper Western Ore Mountains", n.d., p. 6 [3]
  14. ↑ Picture map of the mines Vordere and Hintere Schmochau around 1520, in the museum rooms of the mountain archive in Freudenstein Castle in Freiberg .
  15. ^ Albert Schiffner: Handbook of geography, statistics and topography of the Kingdom of Saxony . First delivery, containing the Zwickau directions district, by Friedrich Fleischer Leipzig 1839, p. 191 digitized
  16. ^ Siegfried Sieber and Martin Leistner: Die Bergbaulandschaft von Schneeberg and Eibenstock , Volume 11 of the series values ​​of our homeland, Akademie-Verlag, Berlin 1967, p. 152
  17. ↑ Gerhard Ebisch: Old production facilities of the wood pulp, cardboard and paper industry in the valleys of the Zwickauer Mulde, the Schwarzwassers and the Mittweida and their tributaries , Verlag Bücherecke, Schwarzenberg 2001, p. 92
  18. ↑ a b Gerhard Ebisch: Old production facilities of the wood pulp, cardboard and paper industry in the valleys of the Zwickauer Mulde, the Schwarzwassers and the Mittweida and their tributaries , Verlag Bücherecke, Schwarzenberg 2001, p. 101
  19. ^ O. Elsner: Der Papier-Fabrikant , 1921, p. 1171 digitized version , accessed on July 26, 2015
  20. ^ Author collective: Brockhaus travel guide Erzgebirge Vogtland , VEB FA Brockhaus Verlag, Leipzig 1976, p. 238
  21. ↑ Schönheider Wochenblatt No. 34/07 of August 24, 2017, p. 1
  22. ^ Homepage of the company , accessed on July 26, 2015
  23. ↑ Umweltbriefe 07/2014 of April 10, 2014 , accessed on July 26, 2015
  24. ↑ Garden and Small Animal Breeding , Newspaper of the Association of Allotment Gardeners, Settlers and Small Animal Breeders, Volume 26, Deutscher Bauernverlag, Berlin 1987, p. 152, digitized , accessed on July 26, 2015
  25. ↑ Year book of the beekeeper , Deutscher Bauernverlag, Berlin 1972, p. 191 digitized version , accessed on July 26, 2015
  26. ^ Albert Schiffner: Handbook of geography, statistics and topography of the Kingdom of Saxony . First delivery, containing the Zwickau directions district, from Friedrich Fleischer Leipzig 1839, p. 191 digital copy , accessed on August 22, 2015
  27. ^ Topographic map 5541-NW-Wilzschhaus of the state enterprise Geobasisinformation und Vermessung des Landes Sachsen, 2nd edition, Dresden 2012
  28. ↑ Lok-Magazin , issues 336 to 339, Franck'sche Verlagshandlung, Stuttgart 2001, p. 60 digital copy , accessed on July 26, 2015
  29. ↑ Photos of the remains of the railway facilities , accessed on July 26, 2015