Wolfgang Wolfram von Wolmar

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Horst Böhme , Wolfgang Wolfram von Wolmar, Reinhard Heydrich and Karl Hermann Frank in Prague in 1941
Prague and the Reich (1943)
Dedication in Prague and the Reich (1943)

Wolfgang Wolfram von Wolmar (born June 9, 1910 in Vienna , Austria-Hungary ; died December 2, 1987 in Düsseldorf ) was a German civil servant during the period of National Socialism and a journalist and publicist in the Federal Republic of Germany .

Life

Wolfram von Wolmar was born the son of a Rittmeister, attended elementary school and the German secondary school in Reichenberg as well as the German secondary secondary school in Elbogen an der Eger and studied philology in Breslau, Berlin and Prague. In 1929 he joined the DNSAP in Czechoslovakia , the year before he had become a member of the DNSAP youth organization. During his studies in 1930 he became a member of the Albia Prague fraternity and a member of the National Socialist German Student Union . In 1933 he was arrested as a student leader of the DNSAP and expelled from the ČSR. In the National Socialist German Reich he became adjutant to the Sudeten German politician Hans Krebs, who was also shown, and joined the Reich Ministry of the Interior like him . Wolfram von Wolmar became a member of the NSDAP , in the SS he was finally given the rank of SS-Hauptsturmführer .

After the German occupation of Czechoslovakia in March 1939, he became a councilor and head of the press department with 14 employees at the authority of the German Reich Protector in Bohemia and Moravia . Immediately after his arrival in Prague he had the editors-in-chief of several newspapers arrested and later he had several editors changed. He expected anti-Semitic texts from the editors of the Czech daily press. He demanded that a special section be set up in the Czech newspapers in which Czech citizens should denounce their Jewish fellow citizens. He repeatedly threatened the editors of the collaboration press with the closure of their papers. Wolfram von Wolmar made himself chairman of the "Prague Press Club of 1939" which he founded.

On October 10, 1941, in Prague, he took part in the meeting at which Reinhard Heydrich announced his plan to ghettoise the Bohemian Jews in the Theresienstadt ghetto . Heydrich was commissioned by Reichsmarschall Hermann Göring on July 31, 1941 with the overall organization of the “ Final Solution to the Jewish Question ” and during this time he prepared the Wannsee Conference , which took place on January 20, 1942 after a postponement.

In September 1942, Wolfram von Wolmar organized a trip for eight Czech editors and two officers of the collaboration government to the occupied territories of the Soviet Union; the reports published in the Czech press were also published as a book with a foreword by Wolfram von Wolmar. At the end of 1942 he was relieved of his position in Prague and called up as an officer in the "Prinz Eugen" SS division . In 1943 he was awarded a Dr. phil. PhD ; in the same year he received his habilitation .

At the end of the war he was taken prisoner of war. He then went underground in occupied Austria under a false name. Nothing is known about its denazification . Wolfram von Wolmar worked since 1950 in Bonn and Düsseldorf as Germany correspondent for the Salzburger Nachrichten , a collecting tank of old Nazis , for which Viktor Reimann was deputy editor-in-chief, and other Austrian newspapers. He wrote for the magazine Die Plattform and was editor of the newspaper Die Deutsche Zukunft of the German FDP politician Siegfried Zoglmann . He was thus in the vicinity of the Naumann district active in the North Rhine-Westphalian FDP . In 1951, the Czechoslovak government submitted an extradition request for war crimes to the Austrian government, which was still under Allied control. During a trip to Austria Wolfram von Wolmar was arrested in Salzburg in December 1954 . Bundestag the FDP parliamentary group focused then on the German government a request what they intended to do to ensure the freedom and safety of German travelers in Austria. After the US occupation power had delegated the decision on extradition to the Austrian federal government, Wolfram von Wolmar was released after three months for lack of concrete accusations. Wolfram von Wolmar also wrote for party newspapers of the FDP after the Naumann affair, for example for the FDP weekly newspaper Das Freie Wort, founded in 1956 .

In 1951 he became a member of the Sudetia Munich fraternity . He was also a member of the Alemannia Vienna fraternity and the Cheruskia Graz fraternity .

In 1971 Wolfram von Wolmar was accused in Düsseldorf of complicity in the execution of three Czech citizens in 1939 and he was acquitted. Siegfried Zoglmann appeared as a witness in the proceedings.

Fonts (selection)

  • Němec o českýchproblemémech . Preface Václav Crha. Prague: Orbis, 1941 [A German on Czech problems]
  • (Ed.): Čeští novináři na Východě: Kyjev-Charkov-Oděsa-Krym . Prague: Orbis, 1942 [Czech journalists in the East]
  • Prague and the Reich: 600 years of struggle of German students . Dresden: Franz Müller, 1943 Prague, Phil. F., Diss.
  • A requiem for Prussia . Göttingen: Musterschmidt, 1957
  • The idea of ​​the fraternity in the course of German history . Lecture. Bad Nauheim: Wagner, 1959
  • As defender in Nuremberg: Otto Kranzbühler and the Nuremberg trials . Hamburg: State u. Economic policy. Ges., 1982
  • Prague: the oldest university in the empire . Published on the occasion of the 650th anniversary of the founding of the Prague German University, April 7, 1348 - 1998. Munich: Association of Prague and Brno Corporations, 1998

literature

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ The family name is Wolfram von Wolmar, the first name Wolfgang
  2. ↑ a b c d e f Susanna Schrafstetter: Siegfried Zoglmann, His Circle of Writers, and the Naumann Affair: A Nazi Propaganda Operation in Postwar Germany , in: David A. Messenger, Katrin Paehler (Ed.): A Nazi past. recasting German identity in postwar Europe . Lexington: Univ. Press of Kentucky, 2015, pp. 113-138, here pp. 120f.
  3. ↑ a b Helge Dvorak: Biographical Lexicon of the German Burschenschaft. Volume I: Politicians. Volume 6: T-Z. Winter, Heidelberg 2005, ISBN 3-8253-5063-0 , p. 376.
  4. ^ Wolmar, Wolfgang Wolfram von , at ghetto-theresienstadt
  5. ↑ Jaroslava Milotová: The Protectorate Press and the "Jewish Question" , in: Theresienstädter Studies and Documents, Prague: Academia-Verlag, 1996, p. 154ff (not viewed)
  6. ^ Helge Dvorak: Biographical Lexicon of the German Burschenschaft. Volume I: Politicians. Volume 6: T-Z. Winter, Heidelberg 2005, ISBN 3-8253-5063-0 , p. 377.
  7. ^ Danger in Salzburg . In: Der Spiegel . No. 11 , 1955 ( online ).
personal data
SURNAME Wolfram von Wolmar, Wolfgang
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Wolmar, Wolfgang Wolfram von
BRIEF DESCRIPTION Austrian-German journalist
DATE OF BIRTH June 9, 1910
PLACE OF BIRTH Vienna
DATE OF DEATH 2nd December 1987
Place of death Dusseldorf