# Number names

## The structure of number names

The example of the number four hundred twenty-seven thousand five hundred thirty- four (427,534) shows the graded structure of the number names. What is striking is the systematic reversal of the tens and units in the German language , which, for example, only occurs in English from 13 to 19.

### Zero to nine

The values ​​of the decimal digits are: zero , one , two , three , four , five , six , seven , eight , nine . The name zero always stands alone; The entire naming system is based on the other nine number names. Except for the seven, all of these numerals are monosyllabic.

### ten

From the ancient Germanic word * tehun, which is related to ancient Greek deka (δεκα) and Latin decem , today's word ten has developed from ancient high German zehan .

### Eleven and twelve as exceptions

Eleven and twelve from Gothic ainlif and twalif with the suffix -lif (= "that goes beyond ") means one over and two over , i.e. one or two more than the ten.

These exceptions also exist in all other Germanic languages, for example English (eleven, twelve) or Dutch (elf, twaalf) . Here one notices the earlier approach for a number system based on twelve numbers. See also dozen (= 12), shock (five dozen = 60) and the bulk (twelve dozen = 144).

### Thirteen to nineteen

In contrast to the numbers over twenty, in which the units and tens are combined with an “and” (seven and twenty), this is not the case with the numbers from thirteen to nineteen . For the numbers sixteen and seventeen , the units digit is pronounced and written in abbreviated form (“sixteen” instead of “sixteen” and “seventeen” instead of “seventeen”).

### Twenty to ninety nine

Twenty : from Gothic twai tigjus (= "two ten units"), later twai tig. This form of formation continues up to ninety, whereby the final syllables of the six and the seven are partly shortened ("sixty" instead of "sixty" and "seventy" instead of "seventy"). An exception is the use of " thirty " (instead of "thirty"). The unit of units is named first ("twenty-five"). In the case of the one, this is shortened ("forty-one").

#### Other languages

In some languages ​​remnants of a vigesimal system are still preserved: For example, in French (in France and Canada) this series is only built up to 60 according to this pattern. This is followed by "sixty-and-ten" (soixante-dix), "four-times-twenty" (quatre-vingts) and "four-times-twenty-and-ten" (quatre-vingt-dix). In Belgian French, however, there are the numerals septante and nonante for 70 and 90, and in Swiss French there are also huitante and octante for 80. Danish uses the vigesimal system for numbers from 50 to 90; for example, 60 in Danish is tres (indstyve), i.e. H. "Three-by-twenty", or 50, means halvtreds (indstyve), i.e. H. "Half three-by-twenty" (for "2.5 × 20").

In contrast to the German language, in some other languages , such as Russian, Ukrainian, English, Swedish or French, the unit of ten comes first (e.g. twenty-five in English ). Other languages ​​in which single and tens names are ranked as in German are Dutch, Danish, Luxembourgish, Slovenian and Arabic. Both variants are possible in Czech, i.e. H. “Twenty and One” or “Twenty One”; The same is true in Norwegian, where the order corresponding to German or Danish has been officially replaced by law by the order corresponding to English or Swedish, but is still common in the spoken language.

### Hundreds

Hundred : from Gothic hunda and Latin centum. Originally only used as a plural word, that is, only from two hundred. The first hundred was completed in Middle High German by the numeral zehen-zec / ic, zehent-, zên-zic ("ten"). Nowadays either the hundred or the simple hundred, i.e. one hundred, is used. To express a multiple of a hundred, a single-digit number is placed in front of the hundred . So the number name for three times a hundred is three hundred. If the multiple of a hundred is greater than 9, you switch to a thousand.

For the special number range from 1100 to 1999, actually already in the subsequent thousands, there are, however, the terms eleven hundred, twelve hundred to nineteen hundred in German - and similarly in various other languages ​​- which are mainly used for years and occasionally in slang . In contrast to German, this is often continued in English up to numerical values ​​of 9999.

### Thousands

Thousand : from Gothic thusundi. In the Indo-European language area, no uniform designation has developed for numbers over one hundred. The root word “thousand” occurs only in the Germanic, Slavic and Baltic language areas, while in Romance the name is derived from Latin mille and in Greek from χιλιοι.

### A million and a billion

Million : from Latin mille (= thousand) and -one (enlarging suffix ); so actually "great thousand". The million is the square of the thousand.

The billion is the third power of a thousand or a thousand million.

### Trillion, Billiards and Beyond

From a billion onwards, the -illion and -illion scheme is repeated . The prefixes are derived from Latin : Bi- for 2 ( trillion and billiards ), Tri- for 3, Quadri- for 4, Quinti- (also: Quinqui-) for 5 and so on. So give powers to the Million: a bi llion is 1,000,000 2 , a tri llion is 1,000,000 3 , a Quadri llion is 1,000,000 4 and so on. A quadrillion is a thousand trillion. The same scheme can be applied to trillions, quadrillions, and so on. This system is known as the Long Scale . It goes back to Nicolas Chuquet and Jaques Peletier du Mans .

Digit sequence Number name prefix suffix power 10 N.
One Tens Hundreds
1 one Million 0.0 = 10 0
10 ten Million 1/6 = 10 1
100 Hundred Million 1/3 = 10 2
1,000
thousand Million 0.5 = 10 3
10,000 Ten thousand Million 2/3 = 10 4
100,000
A hundred thousand Million 5/6 = 10 5
1,000,000 million Mi -llion Million 1.0 = 10 6
1,000,000,000 billion Mi -lliarde Million 1.5 = 10 9
1,000,000,000,000 trillion bi- -llion Million 2.0 = 10 12
1,000,000,000,000,000 Billiards bi- -lliarde Million 2.5 = 10 15
1,000,000,000,000,000,000 Trillion Tri- -llion Million 3.0 = 10 18
1 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 Trillion Tri- -lliarde Million 3.5 = 10 21
1 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 Quadrillion Quadri- -llion Million 4.0 = 10 24
1,000,000,000,000,000,000,000,000,000 Quadrillion Quadri- -lliarde Million 4.5 = 10 27
1 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 Quintillion or Quinquillion Quinti- or quinqui- -llion Million 5.0 = 10 30
1 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 Quintillion or quinquilliard Quinti- or quinqui- -lliarde Million 5.5 = 10 33
1,000,000,000,000,000,000,000,000,000,000,000,000,000 Sextillion Sexti- -llion Million 6.0 = 10 36
1,000,000,000,000,000,000,000,000,000,000,000,000,000,000 Sextillion Sexti- -lliarde Million 6.5 = 10 39
1,000,000,000,000,000,000,000,000,000,000,000,000,000,000,000 Septillion Septi- -llion Million 7.0 = 10 42
1,000,000,000,000,000,000,000,000,000,000,000,000,000,000,000,000 Septilliard Septi- -lliarde Million 7.5 = 10 45
1,000,000,000,000,000,000,000,000,000,000,000,000,000,000,000,000,000 Octillion Octi- -llion Million 8.0 = 10 48
1,000,000,000,000,000,000,000,000,000,000,000,000,000,000,000,000,000,000 Octilliard Octi- -lliarde Million 8.5 = 10 51
1 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 Nonillion Noni -llion Million 9.0 = 10 54
1,000,000,000,000,000,000,000,000,000,000,000,000,000,000,000,000,000,000,000,000 Nonilliard Noni -lliarde Million 9.5 = 10 57
1,000,000,000,000,000,000,000,000,000,000,000,000,000,000,000,000,000,000,000,000,000 Decillion Deci- -llion Million 10.0 = 10 60
1,000,000,000,000,000,000,000,000,000,000,000,000,000,000,000,000,000,000,000,000,000,000 Decillion Deci- -lliarde Million 10.5 = 10 63
1,000,000,000,000,000,000,000,000,000,000,000,000,000,000,000,000,000,000,000,000,000,000,000 Undezillion U.N- -dec- -llion Million 11.0 = 10 66
1 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 Undecillion U.N- -dec- -lliarde Million 11.5 = 10 69
1 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 Dodecillion or Duodecillion Do- or duo -dec- -llion Million 12.0 = 10 72
1 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 Dodecilliard or duodecilliard Do- or duo -dec- -lliarde Million 12.5 = 10 75
1,000,000,000,000,000,000,000,000,000,000,000,000,000,000,000,000,000,000,000,000,000,000,000,000,000,000,000,000 Tredezillion Tre- -dec- -llion Million 13.0 = 10 78
1 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 Tredecillion Tre- -dec- -lliarde Million 13.5 = 10 81
1,000,000,000,000,000,000,000,000,000,000,000,000,000,000,000,000,000,000,000,000,000,000,000,000,000,000,000,000,000,000 Quattuordezillion Quattuor -dec- -llion Million 14.0 = 10 84
1,000,000,000,000,000,000,000,000,000,000,000,000,000,000,000,000,000,000,000,000,000,000,000,000,000,000,000,000,000,000,000 Quattuordecilliard Quattuor -dec- -lliarde Million 14.5 = 10 87
1,000,000,000,000,000,000,000,000,000,000,000,000,000,000,000,000,000,000,000,000,000,000,000,000,000,000,000,000,000,000,000,000 Quindezillion Quin- -dec- -llion Million 15.0 = 10 90
1,000,000,000,000,000,000,000,000,000,000,000,000,000,000,000,000,000,000,000,000,000,000,000,000,000,000,000,000,000,000,000,000,000 Quindecillion Quin- -dec- -lliarde Million 15.5 = 10 93
1 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 Sedezillion or sex decillion Se or sex -dec- -llion Million 16.0 = 10 96
1,000,000,000,000,000,000,000,000,000,000,000,000,000,000,000,000,000,000,000,000,000,000,000,000,000,000,000,000,000,000,000,000,000,000,000 Three-decillion or sex decillion Se or sex -dec- -lliarde Million 16.5 = 10 99
1,000,000,000,000,000,000,000,000,000,000,000,000,000,000,000,000,000,000,000,000,000,000,000,000,000,000,000,000,000,000,000,000,000,000,000,000 Sept decillion Septum -dec- -llion Million 17.0 = 10 102
1,000,000,000,000,000,000,000,000,000,000,000,000,000,000,000,000,000,000,000,000,000,000,000,000,000,000,000,000,000,000,000,000,000,000,000,000,000 Sept decillion Septum -dec- -lliarde Million 17.5 = 10 105
1,000,000,000,000,000,000,000,000,000,000,000,000,000,000,000,000,000,000,000,000,000,000,000,000,000,000,000,000,000,000,000,000,000,000,000,000,000,000 Dodevigintillion or Duodevigintillion Do-de- or Duo-de- -viginti- -llion Million 18.0 = 10 108
The number 1 followed by 111 zeros Dodevigintilliarde or duodevigintilliarde Do-de- or Duo-de- -viginti- -lliarde Million 18.5 = 10 111
The number 1 followed by 114 zeros Undevigintillion Un-de- -viginti- -llion Million 19.0 = 10 114
The number 1 followed by 117 zeros Undevigintilliard Un-de- -viginti- -lliarde Million 19.5 = 10 117
The number 1 followed by 120 zeros Vigintillion Viginti- -llion Million 20.0 = 10 120
The number 1 followed by 123 zeros Vigintilliard Viginti- -lliarde Million 20.5 = 10 123
The number 1 followed by 126 zeros Unvigintillion U.N- -viginti- -llion Million 21.0 = 10 126
The number 1 followed by 129 zeros Unvigintillion U.N- -viginti- -lliarde Million 21.5 = 10 129
The number 1 followed by 132 zeros Dovigintillion or Duovigintillion Do- or duo -viginti- -llion Million 22.0 = 10 132
The number 1 followed by 135 zeros Dovigintilliard or duovigintilliard Do- or duo -viginti- -lliarde Million 22.5 = 10 135
The number 1 followed by 138 zeros Tresvigintillion Tre- -viginti- -llion Million 23.0 = 10 138
The number 1 followed by 141 zeros Tresvigintilliard Tre- -viginti- -lliarde Million 23.5 = 10 141
The number 1 followed by 144 zeros Quattuorvigintillion Quattuor -viginti- -llion Million 24.0 = 10 144
The number 1 followed by 147 zeros Quattuorvigintilliarde Quattuor -viginti- -lliarde Million 24.5 = 10 147
The number 1 followed by 150 zeros Quinvigintillion Quin- -viginti- -llion Million 25.0 = 10 150
The number 1 followed by 153 zeros Quinvigintilliard Quin- -viginti- -lliarde Million 25.5 = 10 153
The number 1 followed by 156 zeros Sevigintillion or Sexvigintillion Se or sex -viginti- -llion Million 26.0 = 10 156
The number 1 followed by 159 zeros Sevigintillion or Sexvigintillion Se or sex -viginti- -lliarde Million 26.5 = 10 159
The number 1 followed by 162 zeros Septenvigintillion Septum -viginti- -llion Million 27.0 = 10 162
The number 1 followed by 165 zeros Septal vigintilliard Septum -viginti- -lliarde Million 27.5 = 10 165
The number 1 followed by 168 zeros Dodetrigintillion or duodetrigintillion Do-de- or Duo-de- -trigint- -llion Million 28.0 = 10 168
The number 1 followed by 171 zeros Dodetrigintilliard or duodetrigintilliard Do-de- or Duo-de- -trigint- -lliarde Million 28.5 = 10 171
The number 1 followed by 174 zeros Undetrigintillion Un-de- -trigint- -llion Million 29.0 = 10 174
The number 1 followed by 177 zeros Undetrigintillion Un-de- -trigint- -lliarde Million 29.5 = 10 177
The number 1 followed by 180 zeros Trigintillion Triginti- -llion Million 30.0 = 10 180
The number 1 followed by 183 zeros Trigintillion Triginti- -lliarde Million 30.5 = 10 183
The number 1 followed by 186 zeros Untrigintillion U.N- -trigint- -llion Million 31.0 = 10 186
The number 1 followed by 189 zeros Lower trigintillion U.N- -trigint- -lliarde Million 31.5 = 10 189
The number 1 followed by 192 zeros Dotrigintillion or Duotrigintillion Do- or duo -trigint- -llion Million 32.0 = 10 192
The number 1 followed by 195 zeros Dotrigintilliard or Duotrigintilliard Do- or duo -trigint- -lliarde Million 32.5 = 10 195
The number 1 followed by 198 zeros Tretrigintillion Tre- -trigint- -llion Million 33.0 = 10 198
The number 1 followed by 201 zeros Tretrigintilliard Tre- -trigint- -lliarde Million 33.5 = 10,201
The number 1 followed by 204 zeros Quattuortrigintillion Quattuor -trigint- -llion Million 34.0 = 10 204
The number 1 followed by 207 zeros Quattuortrigintilliard Quattuor -trigint- -lliarde Million 34.5 = 10 207
The number 1 followed by 210 zeros Quintrigintillion Quin- -trigint- -llion Million 35.0 = 10 210
The number 1 followed by 213 zeros Quintrigintilliard Quin- -trigint- -lliarde Million 35.5 = 10 213
The number 1 followed by 216 zeros Setrigintillion or sex trigintillion Se or sex -trigint- -llion Million 36.0 = 10 216
The number 1 followed by 219 zeros Setrigintillion or sex trigintillion Se or sex -trigint- -lliarde Million 36.5 = 10 219
The number 1 followed by 222 zeros Septentrigintillion Septum -trigint- -llion Million 37.0 = 10 222
The number 1 followed by 225 zeros Sept trigintillion Septum -trigint- -lliarde Million 37.5 = 10 225
The number 1 followed by 228 zeros Octotrigintillion Octo- -trigint- -llion Million 38.0 = 10 228
The number 1 followed by 231 zeros Octotrigintilliard Octo- -trigint- -lliarde Million 38.5 = 10 231
The number 1 followed by 234 zeros Novemtrigintillion November -trigint- -llion Million 39.0 = 10 234
The number 1 followed by 237 zeros November trigintillion November -trigint- -lliarde Million 39.5 = 10 237
The number 1 followed by 240 zeros Quadragintillion Quadraginti- -llion Million 40.0 = 10 240
The number 1 followed by 243 zeros Quadragintillion Quadraginti- -lliarde Million 40.5 = 10 243
The number 1 followed by 246 zeros Unquadragintillion U.N- -quadragint- -llion Million 41.0 = 10 246
The number 1 followed by 249 zeros Unquadragintilliard U.N- -quadragint- -lliarde Million 41.5 = 10 249
The number 1 followed by 252 zeros Doquadragintillion or Duoquadragintillion Do- or duo -quadragint- -llion Million 42.0 = 10 252
The number 1 followed by 255 zeros Doquadragintilliard or Duoquadragintilliard Do- or duo -quadragint- -lliarde Million 42.5 = 10 255
The number 1 followed by 258 zeros Trequadragintillion Tre- -quadragint- -llion Million 43.0 = 10 258
The number 1 followed by 261 zeros Trequadragintilliard Tre- -quadragint- -lliarde Million 43.5 = 10 261
The number 1 followed by 264 zeros Quattuorquadragintillion Quattuor -quadragint- -llion Million 44.0 = 10 264
The number 1 followed by 267 zeros Quattuorquadragintilliard Quattuor -quadragint- -lliarde Million 44.5 = 10 267
The number 1 followed by 270 zeros Quinquadragintillion Quin- -quadragint- -llion Million 45.0 = 10 270
The number 1 followed by 273 zeros Quinquadragintilliard Quin- -quadragint- -lliarde Million 45.5 = 10 273
The number 1 followed by 276 zeros Sequadragintillion or sex quadragintillion Se or sex -quadragint- -llion Million 46.0 = 10 276
The number 1 followed by 279 zeros Sequadragintilliard or Sex Quadragintilliard Se or sex -quadragint- -lliarde Million 46.5 = 10 279
The number 1 followed by 282 zeros Septa quadragintillion Septum -quadragint- -llion Million 47.0 = 10 282
The number 1 followed by 285 zeros Septa quadragintilliard Septum -quadragint- -lliarde Million 47.5 = 10 285
The number 1 followed by 288 zeros Octoquadragintillion Octo- -quadragint- -llion Million 48.0 = 10 288
The number 1 followed by 291 zeros Octoquadragintilliard Octo- -quadragint- -lliarde Million 48.5 = 10 291
The number 1 followed by 294 zeros Novemquadragintillion November -quadragint- -llion Million 49.0 = 10 294
The number 1 followed by 297 zeros Novemquadragintilliard November -quadragint- -lliarde Million 49.5 = 10 297
The number 1 followed by 300 zeros Quinquagintillion Quinquaginti- -llion Million 50.0 = 10,300
The number 1 followed by 303 zeros Quinquagintilliard Quinquaginti- -lliarde Million 50.5 = 10 303
The number 1 followed by 600 zeros Centillion Centi- -llion Million 100.0 = 10 600
The number 1 followed by 603 zeros Centillion Centi- -lliarde Million 100.5 = 10 603
The number 1 followed by 900 zeros Quinquagintillion Quinquaginti- Centi- -llion Million 150.0 = 10,900
The number 1 followed by 903 zeros Quinquaginti trillion Quinquaginti- Centi- -lliarde Million 150.5 = 10 903
The number 1 followed by 1200 zeros Dozen of millions Dozen -llion Million 200.0 = 10 1200
The number 1 followed by 1203 zeros Dozen billion Dozen -lliarde Million 200.5 = 10 1203

### Difference between Europe and the USA

Since the 17th century there have been two different conventions for names of large numbers above the million, which also use identical number names for completely different numbers. In practice, this often leads to misunderstandings:

• The original long-scale system described in this article, attested since the 15th century, is the recognized reference system. The numbers from one million onwards are called million - billion - trillion - trillion - trillion -… , whereby each number is 1000 times larger than the previous one.
• In the short-scale system , the trillion is only 1,000 times a million. Then 1000 times a trillion is the trillion and so on. The prefixes correspond to the powers of the number 1000, but the Latin meaning of the prefix is ​​always 1 less than the power: a bi llion is 1000 3 , a tri llion 1000 4 . This system became common in some countries from the 17th century .

The long-scale system was to be used consistently around the world at the suggestion of the 9th Conference of the Bureau International des Poids et Mesures in 1948. After France also switched from the short-scale system that had been in use until then, the long-scale system was used throughout Europe for a short time. However, as a result of the influence of the USA and the international media, there is increasing deviation from it. Virtually all English speaking countries including the UK no longer use it; in Canada it is only used in the French-speaking part, in South Africa only by Afrikaans speakers.

The short-scale system is officially used in the United States, but is now common in the rest of the English-speaking countries. It is also used in Puerto Rico, Brazil and Turkey, although the word milyar for billion (10 9 ) is firmly anchored in Turkish usage . The British English has adapted the American language. In US English there are no names ending in -arde (billion, billiard ...); they are rarely used in British English. More about the origin of this system can be found in the article Billion . Perhaps because of the possible misunderstandings, these large number names beyond the billion are also rather rare in everyday language in the English-speaking world, usually one prefers to use constructions like a thousand million millions.

## Nomenclature for numbers from 1,000,000

Numerals with a value of 1,000,000 or more are named according to the system of Nicolas Chuquet according to Latin prefixes. The numerical word million is an exception . This is derived from the Latin mille (1000). The non-combination prefixes, i.e. prefixes that do not appear in combination with other prefixes (apart from the formation of prefixes with a value of over 999), are derived from Latin ordinal numbers. The combination prefixes are derived from Latin cardinal numbers.

 One (non-combination prefixes): 1 - mi 2 - bi 3 - tri 4 - quadri 5 - quinti 6 - sexti 7 - septi 8 - octi 9 - noni One (combination prefixes): 1 - un 2 - duo 3 - tre (s) 4 - quattuor 5 - quin 6 - se (x) 7 - septe (m) (n) 8 - octo 9 - nove (m) ( n) Tens: 10 - (n) deci 20 - (m) (s) viginti 30 - (n) (s) triginta 40 - (n) (s) quadraginta 50 - (n) (s) quinquaginta 60 - (n) sexaginta 70 - (n) septuaginta 80 - (m) (x) octoginta 90 - nonaginta Hundreds: 100 - (n) (x) (s) zenti 200 - (n) duzenti 300 - (n) (s) trezenti 400 - (n) (s) quadringenti 500 - (n) (s) quingenti 600 - ( n) seszenti 700 - (n) septingenti 800 - (m) (x) oktingenti 900 - nongenti

The prefixes can be combined in this order : ones + tens + hundreds.

For example, if a tens or hundreds prefix is ​​preceded by an M in brackets, this means that this M should be added to the units prefix when combined with a units prefix, in which this M in brackets is also included (the bracketed M in the tens or hundreds prefix is ​​omitted). - This also applies to all other letters in brackets.

Examples:

• Tre s -zenti
• Septe m -oktoginta-centi
• Se x centi

In order to create a numeric word from these prefixes, the ending -llion must be added. The number formed corresponds to 10 6n (n stands for the value of the prefix formed; e.g. trescenti- = 103). If you add the ending -lliarde to the prefix (according to Jacques Peletier du Mans ), the number of zeros is 3 zeros larger than the number of zeros in the numerical word with the ending -llion.

Example:

• Centillion = 10 100⋅6 = 10 600
• Centillion = 10 600 + 3

If you use a tens prefix without combining it with a hundreds prefix, you have to replace the ending -a (if available) with -i.

Example:

• Triginta → triginti- → Trigintillion (10 30 * 6 = 10 180 ).

### From 6000 zeros

John Horton Conway and Allan Wechsler have proposed an extension of the above system to represent a number with 6000 and more zeros:

To form the number word with the value 10 6000 ,

• the exponent is taken (6000),
• this is divided by 6 (1000),
• the quotient is divided into groups of three (1_000).
• "Mi-" is the non-combination prefix for a single 1.
• "Lli-" is the distance for the next group of three.
• “Ni-” stands for thousands (as a placeholder; if it stands alone, then without a specific number).
• "-Llion" is the ending so that the prefix becomes a number.

The numeral for 10 6000 is therefore: Millinillion.

Further examples
Surname Number of zeros Number of zeros
Mi-lli-ni-llion 1,000 × 6 6,000
Mi-lli-ni-lli-ni-llion 1,000,000 × 6 6,000,000
Noni-lli-nove-nonaginta-nongenti-llion 9999 × 6 59,994
Okti-lli-okto-oktoginta-oktingenti-llion 8888 × 6 53,328
Quinti-lli-quin-quinquaginta-quingenti-llion 5555 × 6 33,330
Quindezi-lli-quingenti-lli-ni-lli-mi-llion 15,500,000,001 × 6 93,000,000,006

### Synonyms

• Sex decillion = sedezillion
• Novemdezillion = Novendezillion
• Quinquillion = quintillion

According to Nicolas Chuquet's system , the following prefixes can be derived from (late) Latin numerals:

18 - duodeviginti
19 - undeviginti
28 - duodetriginta
29 - undetriginta
48 - duodequinquaginta
49 - undequinquaginta
58 - duodesexaginta
59 - undesexaginta
68 - duodeseptuaginta
69 -
78 - duodequinquaginta
- 79
- ductonaginta
89 - duodogonaginta
- 79 and 88 duodecenti
99 - undecenti

### Abbreviations

The following abbreviations are valid in the German language:

• Million = million
• Mill. = Million / millionaire
• Billion / Billion / Bill. = Billion
• Bio./Bill. = Trillion
• Brd./Bld. = Billiards

## Compilation of the irregularities

• First the hundreds, then the ones and then the tens.
• The suffix “-zig” is used - and as an exception “-sig” for thirty - instead of “-teen”.
• The number 10 means “ten” (instead of “only”).
• The number 11 means “eleven” (instead of “oneteen”).
• The number 12 means “twelve” (instead of “two”).
• The number 20 means "twenty" (instead of "two").
• In the case of a number composition with “one-”, the “s” is generally deleted (example “one hundred”).
• In the case of a number composition with “six-”, the “s” in the two special cases “sixteen” and “sixty” is deleted and the letter combination “ch” is not spoken like “k”, but with the ego sound .
• In the case of a number composition with “seven-”, the “en” is deleted in the two special cases “seventeen” and “seventy”.
• Starting with the number 21, one and tens syllables are linked with “and” (example “twenty-one”).

## Fractions

Fractional numbers are formed with the ordinal numbers and the suffix –el (third, quarter, fifth, etc.).

The terms one (instead of whole ) and second (instead of half ) are often only used in mathematical expressions.

Fractional numbers as adjectives can also be substantiated. Example: two twos are equal to one.

Myriameter stone on the old border between Austria and Venice in Pontebba

The Myriad stands for a number of 10,000 (ancient Greek μυριάς - myriás), plus the length unit Myriameter = 10,000 m. The plural myriads , on the other hand, denotes an uncountable set (μύριοι - mýrioi: innumerable, infinitely many).

## Zig

The colloquial expression "zig" describes a number which - hence the term originates - from the range of numbers ending in "... zig", i.e. twenty to ninety-nine. The mostly spoken word suggests that the estimated number is subjectively perceived as high. Zig is more than about or a good dozen and less than close to a hundred.

At the beginning of the story of the famous trilogy The Lord of the Rings by the British writer JRR Tolkien , the hobbit Bilbo Baggins celebrates his fifty-first (111th) birthday.

## Zillion

Due to numerical values ​​that are no longer comprehensible , the word "zillion" was coined in English based on million, billion and probably also on number names such as decillion, undecillion, duodecillion etc., which is colloquially used for a huge but indefinite number and has no mathematical validity.

“Zillion” can be traced for the first time in 1944 with the journalist and writer Damon Runyan (1880–1946), but it can be found earlier with “Bazillion” (1939, NY Times), “Jillion” [ʤilljən] (1942) and “Squillion” (1943) ) similarly formed names for fictitious numbers of immeasurable sizes. Since then, the number of such English imaginary names, generally used jokingly or as jargon for large numbers, has increased greatly, even if none of these names has been as popular as “Zillion”. For example, there are now (in alphabetical order):

bajillion, bazillion, bizillion, brazillion (to Brazil = Brazil), dillion, fantillion, gadzillion, gagillion, gajillion, gazillion, godzillion (to Godzilla ), grillion, hojillion, jillion, kabillion, kajillion, kazadillion, kazillion robillion, skillion, squidillion, squillion, trazillion, umptillion ( umpteen = "zig").

In German, however, these terms can only be found in translations of Anglo-Saxon sources. The Donald Duck translator for Erika Fuchs , however, has Dagobert Ducks assets of 607 Tilli Onen, 386 zillion etc. and from 5 multiplujillion, impossibidillion 9, 7 fantasticatrillion and from 5 trillion quintiplitillion unptuplatillion multuplatillion impossibidillion fantasticatrillion dollars converted and with its neologisms of Fanta Tilli Arden , Fantastillions and Pimpillions reproduced.

Fictitious figures were placed in an original system, including by zoogol and gazoogol (new creations based on the the nine-year mathematician nephew Milton Sirotta coined in 1938 " googol " - so one with 100 zeros) from the Franco-American " pataphysicist " André Joyce in presentation by Michael Joseph Halm . ${\ displaystyle 10 ^ {100}}$

An allusion to the zillions is the album How to Be a… Zillionaire! from group ABC .

Wiktionary: Overview of numbers  - explanations of meanings, word origins, synonyms, translations

## Individual evidence

1. a b c d The phrase "from Gothic ..." is to be understood here as a short form of "from Germanic , related to Gothic ...".
2. Uncle Dagobert and the big numbers. In: Bild der Wissenschaft 11/2019, p. 89.
3. ^ According to Beate Hennig: Small Middle High German Dictionary. ISBN 978-3-484-10809-7 , p. 481.
4. Decree No. 61-501 of 3 may 1961 relatif aux units de mesure. ( Memento of July 17, 2012 in the Internet Archive ). Journal officiel du 20 may 1961, PDF (French).
5. HANSARD 1803-2005 - Protocols of the House. December 20, 1974 (PDF). Prime Minister Wilson (in translation):
The word “billion” is now used internationally to mean 1,000 million, and it would be confusing if British ministers used it in a different sense. I accept, however, that it could still be understood as 1 million million in this country and I will ask my colleagues not to leave any doubts as to the meaning if they use it.
6. ^ John H. Conway, Richard Guy: The Book of Numbers. Springer, 1996, pp. 13-16 (In German: John Conway , Richard K. Guy : Zahlenzauber . 1st edition. Birkhäuser, 1997, ISBN 3-7643-5244-2 . ).
7. sexdecillion. Merriam-Webster's Online Dictionary.
8. novemdecillion. Merriam-Webster's Online Dictionary.
9. Duden. German universal dictionary + derivation of Latin cardinal numbers.
10. Table of Latin numerals. At: Arndt-Bruenner.de.
11. Duden. German universal dictionary.
12. Michael Quinion: A Zillion Troubles. At: WorldWideWords.org. (PDF), accessed on May 31, 2010.
13. ^ André Joyce Fan Club. At: Tripod.com. English, accessed May 31, 2010.
14. Michael Halm: trazillion. At: Tripod.com. English, accessed on May 31, 2010. See also:
Michael Joseph Halm: Merology. © Hierogamous Enterprises and
Michael Joseph Halm: Googology. © Hierogamous Enterprises, with terms like fugagoogol, gaggoogol, megafugagoogol or megafugafour.