United Wasserschneppe colliery

United Wasserschneppe colliery
	General information about the mine
Funding / year	Max. 53,199 t
	Information about the mining company
Employees	up to 246
Start of operation	1819
End of operation	1880
Successor use	Heisinger Mulde colliery
	Funded raw materials
Degradation of	Hard coal
	Geographical location
Coordinates	51 ° 23 '42.7 " N , 7 ° 3' 44.4" E Coordinates: 51 ° 23 '42.7 " N , 7 ° 3' 44.4" E
	Location United Wasserschneppe colliery
Location	Heisingen
local community	eat
Independent city ( NUTS3 )	eat
country	State of North Rhine-Westphalia
Country	Germany
District	Ruhr area

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The United Wasserschneppe colliery is a former hard coal mine in Essen-Heisingen . The United Wasserschneppe colliery was created through the consolidation of several independent mines. The mine was one of the founding members of the Association for Mining Interests .

history

The beginnings

In 1815 the Wasserschneppe colliery consolidated with the Spiekbank and St. Maria von Gutenrath collieries to form the United Wasserschneppe colliery. On March 20th of the same year, the sinking work for the deep Jacob shaft began. The bay was south of the station Heisingen at today's street manhole Jacob stated . In the same year a length field with the name Franz was acquired. In 1818, a water retention steam engine was installed by Franz Dinnendahl . The machine had previously been purchased from the Vollmond colliery. Furthermore, the entitlement God made us well was acquired. In the following year, operations in civil engineering began. There were two levels , the 1st level was at a depth of 39 meters (+19 m above sea level ) and the 2nd level was set at a depth of 59 meters (−1 m above sea level), the shaft was with a göpel for the shaft conveyor equipped. The mine had no rail connection. The coal extracted was transported above ground to the Ruhr and from there by ship to Essen-Kupferdreh . In June 1820 the mine had its first sales difficulties. Since the trades had to pay additional fines for several years , they were forced to take drastic measures. In 1821 the mine was closed.

The other years

In 1830 the water retention steam engine was sold to the Wohlgemuth colliery . In 1839 the Collenbuscherbank colliery was acquired. On May 18 of 1847, the length fields Wasserschneppe I and II were Wasserschneppe as Beilehn awarded . In 1848 the mine was put back into operation. In the same year the daytime facilities were set up at Königssiepen . Today the Heisingen house is in front of the site. In the following year, the sinking work for the Seigeren shaft Franz began. The shaft was set up west of today's Kampmannsbrücke, southwest of Haus Heisingen. The shaft was thus about 1000 meters northeast of the Jacob shaft. In 1852 a drainage system was put into operation at the Franz shaft and mining began. The machine used for dewatering was a combined dewatering and hauling machine with an output of 100 hp . Mining was carried out below the bottom of the tunnel at a depth of 14 ½ Lachtern . The mining area was in a 77 gon dipping trough wing. The delivery floor, later the weather floor , was at a depth of 73 meters (+10 m above sea level). In 1853 there were strong water inflows in the Franz shaft. For this reason, the trades planned to have the upper water inflows dammed and to sink the artificial shaft deeper. In addition, a second dewatering machine (steam art) should be installed. This second machine should have an output of 100 to 120 hp. At that time the mine was part of the Bredeney mining area .

In 1856 the first underground level was set in the Franz shaft at a depth of 122 meters (−39 m above sea level) . In the same year, a water retention steam engine was installed at the Jacob shaft. In 1857 the first level in the Jacob shaft was again anhydrous, and the sump work continued. In the following year, mining began again at the Jacob shaft. Further alignment work was carried out this year . Cross passages to the south and north were driven . Since the water inflows were very strong in the mine was planned, the two shafts underground with each other to connect and dewatering to concentrate. In 1859, the breakthrough between the Jacob and Franz pits took place on the weather bed . This improved the ventilation of the mine workings. The breakthrough on the first underground level between the two shafts was planned, but not yet carried out. In order to improve coal sales, part of the coal was shipped across the Ruhr and the other part was transported to the Prinz-Wilhelm Railway station by means of an easy rail route. In 1860 the sinking work on the Jacob shaft was resumed and the shaft was sunk deeper. The mine lacked a sufficient sales channel at this time, and there were no sufficient prospects of improving the poor sales situation. At this point, the merchant Ernst Nedelmann from Mülheim was representative of the union. In the following year, the third level was set in the Jacob shaft at a depth of 96 meters (−38 m above sea level). In the same year the breakthrough with the first underground excavation level of the Franz shaft took place on this floor. In June of 1863 there were problems with the dewatering, as a result the mine workings sank and had to be swamped. After the swamp work had been carried out, mining was resumed on December 24th of the same year. Since the mine still had no rail connection, the extracted coal was still transported above ground to the Ruhr, from there by ship to Essen-Kupferdreh and from there on to the Kupferdreh train station. In November 1864 there was a water ingress, after which the pit slowly sank . Futile attempts were made in the subsequent year, the pit water by means of water boxes, which with the carrier to lift the Franz were moved shaft. Nevertheless, mining was carried out to a small extent above the water level this year. Since the water lift at the Franz shaft was unsuccessful, the pressure pump at the Jacob shaft was modified by reinforcing the piston . With this pump, the water could initially be kept short from June. However, in November of the same year the piston broke , so that the mine workings flooded to the bottom of the tunnel. In order to be able to raise the water again, the trades intended to have a stronger dewatering machine installed so that the pit water can be pumped out. The swamp work began in September 1866 . In the following years, too, there were repeated ingress of water.

The last few years

From January 1867 the production started again. The masses of water flowing in in the southeast were blocked off with a dam . In the same year, the sinking work on the Jacob shaft was resumed and the shaft was sunk deeper. In 1869 there were operational restrictions, the reason for this was the sluggish sales. Since the mine did not yet have its own rail connection, they were forced to ship the coal across the Ruhr. Since this year there was a bottleneck due to a lack of Ruhr ships , the Ruhr defeat was soon overcrowded. In the same year the union went bankrupt and went bankrupt. In 1870, the sinking work on the Franz shaft was resumed and the shaft was sunk deeper. In 1872, the second underground level was set in the Franz shaft at a depth of 219 meters (−136 m above sea level). In addition, the mine received a railway connection this year. Due to renewed difficulties with the dewatering, the mine was out of operation from March 6th to May 1st, 1877. The dismantling of the Jacob shaft was finished, the shaft was closed and continued to be used only for ventilation . In June 1879 there was another water ingress, as a result of which the production was stopped for five months and was only resumed on December 6 of the same year. On May 13 of 1880 the colliery Wasserschneppe consolidated with the mines Notte Kamp Bank II and United Flor & Flörchen to mine Heisinger depression .

Promotion and workforce

The first known production figures of the mine come from the year 1819, 8858 tons of hard coal were produced . The first known workforce dates from 1820, in that year 132 miners were employed at the mine. In 1853 9257 tons of hard coal were mined. In 1858 there were 120 employees on the mine. In 1860, 109 employees produced 28,826 tons of hard coal. In 1865 the production sank to 5523 tons of hard coal. In 1867, 28,650 tons of hard coal were extracted; the workforce in that year was 170. In 1870, with 156 employees, 34,240 tons of hard coal were mined. In 1875 there were 233 employees in the mine, the production that year was 44,902 tons of hard coal. The maximum production of the mine was achieved in 1878. This year, with 246 employees, 53,199 tons of hard coal were mined. These are also the last known workforce and production figures for the mine.

Individual evidence

↑ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f ^g ^h ⁱ ^j ^k ^l ^m ⁿ ^o ^p ^q ^r ^s ^t Joachim Huske : The coal mines in the Ruhr area. Data and facts from the beginning to 2005 (= publications from the German Mining Museum Bochum 144). 3rd revised and expanded edition. Self-published by the German Mining Museum, Bochum 2006, ISBN 3-937203-24-9 .
↑ ^a ^b Gerhard Gebhardt: Ruhr mining. History, structure and interdependence of its societies and organizations. Verlag Glückauf GmbH, Essen 1957.
^ ^A ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f ^g Karlheinz Rabas, Karl Albert Rubacht: Mining history atlas for the city of Essen . 1st edition, Regio Verlag, Werne 2008, ISBN 978-3-929158-22-9 .
↑ ^a ^b ^c R. v. Carnall (Hrsg.): Journal for the mountain, hut and saltworks in the Prussian state. First volume, published by Wilhelm Hertz , Berlin 1854.
↑ Ministry of Commerce and Industry (ed.): Journal for the mountain, huts and saltworks in the Prussian state. Seventh volume, published by the royal and secret Ober-Hofdruckerei (R. Decker), Berlin 1859.
↑ Ministry of Commerce and Industry (ed.): Journal for the mountain, huts and saltworks in the Prussian state. Eighth volume, published by the royal and secret Ober-Hofdruckerei (R. Decker), Berlin 1860.
↑ Ministry of Commerce and Industry (ed.): Journal for the mountain, huts and saltworks in the Prussian state. Ninth volume, publishing house of the royal secret Ober-Hofdruckerei (R. Decker), Berlin 1861
↑ ^a ^b Wilhelm Hermann, Gertrude Hermann: The old collieries on the Ruhr. 4th edition, Verlag Karl Robert Langewiesche, successor Hans Köster KG, Königstein i. Taunus 1994, ISBN 3-7845-6992-7 .
↑ ^a ^b Ministry of Commerce and Industry (ed.): Journal for the mountain, huts and saltworks in the Prussian state. Volume fourteenth, published by the royal and secret Ober-Hofdruckerei (R. Decker), Berlin 1866
↑ Ministry of Commerce and Industry (ed.): Journal for the mountain, huts and saltworks in the Prussian state. Eighteenth volume, published by Ernst & Korn, Berlin 1870

Web links

Early mining on the Ruhr: United Wasserschneppe colliery (accessed on August 19, 2013)
Early mining on the Ruhr: Historical map around 1840 (accessed on August 19, 2013)
Early mining on the Ruhr: Map of the situation around 2000 (accessed on August 19, 2013)

Remarks

↑ As Beilehn or Beilehen is called an additionally imparted pit box, which is connected with another holding moderately pit pitch. (Source: Tilo Cramm, Joachim Huske: Miners' language in the Ruhr area. )

[Quelle_1-1] ↑ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f ^g ^h ⁱ ^j ^k ^l ^m ⁿ ^o ^p ^q ^r ^s ^t Joachim Huske : The coal mines in the Ruhr area. Data and facts from the beginning to 2005 (= publications from the German Mining Museum Bochum 144). 3rd revised and expanded edition. Self-published by the German Mining Museum, Bochum 2006, ISBN 3-937203-24-9 .

[Quelle_2-2] Gerhard Gebhardt: Ruhr mining. History, structure and interdependence of its societies and organizations. Verlag Glückauf GmbH, Essen 1957.

[Quelle_4-3] A ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f ^g Karlheinz Rabas, Karl Albert Rubacht: Mining history atlas for the city of Essen . 1st edition, Regio Verlag, Werne 2008, ISBN 978-3-929158-22-9 .

[Quelle_3-5] R. v. Carnall (Hrsg.): Journal for the mountain, hut and saltworks in the Prussian state. First volume, published by Wilhelm Hertz , Berlin 1854.

[Quelle_6-6] Ministry of Commerce and Industry (ed.): Journal for the mountain, huts and saltworks in the Prussian state. Seventh volume, published by the royal and secret Ober-Hofdruckerei (R. Decker), Berlin 1859.

[Quelle_7-7] Ministry of Commerce and Industry (ed.): Journal for the mountain, huts and saltworks in the Prussian state. Eighth volume, published by the royal and secret Ober-Hofdruckerei (R. Decker), Berlin 1860.

[Quelle_8-8] Ministry of Commerce and Industry (ed.): Journal for the mountain, huts and saltworks in the Prussian state. Ninth volume, publishing house of the royal secret Ober-Hofdruckerei (R. Decker), Berlin 1861

[Quelle_5-9] Wilhelm Hermann, Gertrude Hermann: The old collieries on the Ruhr. 4th edition, Verlag Karl Robert Langewiesche, successor Hans Köster KG, Königstein i. Taunus 1994, ISBN 3-7845-6992-7 .

[Quelle_9-10] Ministry of Commerce and Industry (ed.): Journal for the mountain, huts and saltworks in the Prussian state. Volume fourteenth, published by the royal and secret Ober-Hofdruckerei (R. Decker), Berlin 1866

[Quelle_10-11] Ministry of Commerce and Industry (ed.): Journal for the mountain, huts and saltworks in the Prussian state. Eighteenth volume, published by Ernst & Korn, Berlin 1870

[Anm._Cramm.-4] As Beilehn or Beilehen is called an additionally imparted pit box, which is connected with another holding moderately pit pitch. (Source: Tilo Cramm, Joachim Huske: Miners' language in the Ruhr area. )