Two Worlds (1930)

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Movie
German title Two worlds
Original title Two Worlds
Country of production Great Britain , Germany
original language German
Publishing year 1930
length 10 acts, 3260 m, 119 minutes
Rod
Director Ewald André Dupont
script Franz Schulz
production Greenbaum Film Berlin and BIP London
music Otto Stransky ,
Robert Stolz ,
Victor Hollaender ,
Artur Marcell Werau
camera Charles Rosher ,
Mutz Greenbaum
cut Emile de Ruelle
occupation

also

Zwei Welten is the title of the German version of the British sound film Two Worlds , which Ewald André Dupont produced in 1930 for Greenbaum-Film GmbH (Berlin) and British International Pictures Ltd. (BIP) (London) realized. Franz Schulz wrote the screenplay based on a draft by Norbert Falk . The anti-war film tells a tragic love story between a Jewish girl and an Austrian officer during the First World War .

action

The film is set in a shtetl on the Polish-Russian border in the war year 1917 .

“In the place occupied by Austrian troops, there is violence against the Jews. The commandant's son, Oberleutnant von Kaminsky, who had received orders to restore order, freed Esther, the daughter of the Jewish watchmaker Goldscheider, from the clutches of a blank. Goldscheider's son Nathan is killed in a street fight as a bystander. His father lets himself be carried away to insult and assault the officer. His resentment intensified when the officer imposed five days' arrest on him for the assault.

In the following night the Austrians have to evacuate the city. First Lieutenant v. Kaminski, who has spent the night with a soubrette in the front theater in an inn, watches the Russians move in when he wakes up. While trying to make his way through, he kills one of the enemies, but is shot himself from a horse and remains wounded in front of Goldscheider's house. Esther brings the unconscious into the house and, with the help of her father, hides him from the investigating Russians, who pass him off as his son Nathan. A love affair develops between the officer and Esther.

Goldscheider denounces the officer at the Russian local command in order to save his daughter. Since the Russians have meanwhile left, the letter falls into the hands of the Austrian colonel. The first lieutenant insists on marriage to the colonel, his father. Only when the colonel threatens to try the Jewish woman's father on the basis of the letter and to have him shot dead, the lieutenant renounces his mistress. "

(Information according to: Film-Oberprüfstelle Nr. 953, 16.Oct. 30)

background

production

The film was a German-British joint production by Greenbaum-Film GmbH (Berlin) and British International Pictures Ltd. (BIP) (London) and was created at Elstree Studios in London. Three language versions were filmed: German (Zwei Welten) , English (Two Worlds) and French (Les deux mondes) . Miles Malleson adapted the dialogues from the original English version under the supervision of director Dupont.

The overall management was held by producer Hermann Millakowsky , the production management was in the hands of EA Dupont and Georg Witt. Fritz Grossmann and John Harlow were the unit managers. The photography was done by Charles Rosher and Mutz Greenbaum , the sound recordings by Alec Murray. Alfred Junge built the film buildings . The costumes were designed by Edith Glück, the make-up artist was Martin Gericke. Emile de Ruelle edited the film.

In Germany, Zwei Welten was awarded by Bayerische Filmgesellschaft mbH, in Austria by Lux-Film Wien. For cinema theaters that had not yet switched to sound film equipment, a silent version with subtitles was also available for rental.

Film music

The film music consisted of contributions by Victor Hollaender , Robert Stolz , Otto Stransky and Artur Marcell Werau . The lyrics were written by Menne Freudenberg, Julius Freund , Felix Josky , Fritz Grünbaum and Fritz Löhner-Beda .

  • Annemarie [also "Im Feldquartier auf Hartem Stein"] (music: Victor Hollaender, text: Julius Freund)
  • Fliegermarsch from "The Flying Rittmeister" (1912) (Music: Hermann Dostal )
  • I don't have any money in my box (music: Otto Stransky, text: Felix Josky)
  • I know a shy young man (music: Otto Stransky, text: Menne Freudenberg)
  • Má roztomilá ["My dearest": czech. Folk song]
  • Rosa, we're going to Lodz (music: Arthur M. Werau, words by Fritz Löhner-Beda)
  • We go on the train man by man [Russian soldiers song]

The tenor Leo Monosson , who also played the role of an Austrian soldier in the film, recorded the song “Annemarie” by Victor Hollaender and Julius Freund in 1930 with the accompaniment of Paul Godwin's orchestra at Deutsche Grammophon .

censorship

The film was available to the Reichsfilmzensur in a length of ten files equal to 2582 meters on July 5, 1930 (censorship no. M.00526) and again on October 20, 1930 (censorship no. M.03676) at the Munich Film Inspectorate was banned from youth. On August 2, 1930, the Higher Film Inspectorate banned two posters under the number O.00758 showing “a woman in a short lace shirt in the company of a young officer” while “a bed” can be seen in the background. The reason for the prohibition was that "the facial expressions of the people depicted and the proximity of the bed create a gender note" that is "suitable for directing the imagination of young viewers towards gender and thus overstimulating them." August 1930 under the number M.03630 and on October 16, 1930 under the number M.03630 reaffirmed the youth ban, which was confirmed by the film inspectorate under the number O.00952.

Premiered experienced two worlds on 16 September 1930 in Berlin at the cinema palace Capitol. In Austria the film was premiered on October 30, 1930 in Vienna in the Opera, Imperial, Busch & Maria Theresa cinemas.

A short documentary film made on behalf of the SPD by Werner Hochbaum about the Reichstag elections on September 14, 1930 was also called "Zwei Welten".

reception

  • EA Dupont's Two Worlds . In: Illustrierter Film-Kurier (Vienna), Film-Propaganda Ges. MbH, No. 96, 1930, p. 8.
  • KR: "Two worlds". Dupont's sound film in the Capitol . In: 8 Uhr-Abendblatt , No. 217, September 17, 1930.

Similar to Lewis Milestone's adaptation of Erich Maria Remarques Nothing New in the West , which right-wing critics branded as a “film of German defeat”, Zwei Welten was also heavily attacked by folk-nationalist circles because of its “Jew-friendly and anti-militarist tendency” after its premiere . The entire Nazi press “did not give the film a good hair”.

Wilhelm Frick , since January 23, 1930 Minister of State for Home Affairs and National Education in Thuringia, the performance of the Western Front was banned by there before the general performance ban by the film Oberprüfstelle on 11 December 1930,, even for Two Worlds ban tried to achieve this, but that did not succeed. After the " seizure of power " by the National Socialists, the film was then banned in April 1933.

The Italian communist Antonio Gramsci , who had been imprisoned by the Mussolini regime since 1928, made several comments about the film in letters that he wrote to Tatjana Schucht (1887–1943), the sister of his Russian wife, from prison.

Audio documents

  • Record "Grammophon" 23 513 / B 43 280 (Matr. 1066 ½ BT) Annemarie. Song ad sound film “Zwei Welten” (V. Hollaender - J. Freund) Leo Monosson , tenor, with Paul Godwin dance orchestra.
  • Record “Grammophon” 24 097 (C 40 919) I have no money in the box. Lied and Slowfox (M: Otto Stransky / T: Felix Josky) Anna Royak, singer (soprano)
  • Tri-Ergon Photo-Electro-Record TE5955 (Matr. 03296) I know a shy young man. Tango from the sound film “Zwei Welten” (music: Otto Stransky, text: Menne Freudenberg) Tango-Kapelle Morello [d. i. Géza Komor ]
  • Ultraphon A 595 (Matr. 15 145) I know a shy young man. Tango from the sound film "Zwei Welten" (music by Otto Stransky, text by Freudenberg) Juan Llossas with his orchestra. Refrain singing: Greta Keller

Movie poster, film program

  • Poster of Lux-Film Koppelmann & Reiter, Vienna for the premiere of the film from October 30, 1930 in Vienna, Opera, Imperial, Busch & Maria Theresa cinema. Designed by Atelier Hans Neumann, Austria 1930. Printed by Münster & Co., Vienna. Size approx. 280.5 × 126 cm.
  • Movie poster "Two Worlds" (without text; film produced in several languages)
  • Illustrated Film Courier No. 96

literature

  • Edith Blaschitz: The "fight against dirt and trash" (= publications on Austrian cultural research. Volume 16). LIT Verlag, Münster 2014, ISBN 978-3-643-50561-3 .
  • Ulrike Heikaus: German-language films as a culture island: on the cultural integration of German-speaking Jews in Palestine from 1933–1945 (= Pri ha-Pardes. Volume 6). Universitätsverlag Potsdam, 2009, ISBN 978-3-940793-36-2 , p. 135.
  • Jim Hoberman: Bridge of Light. Yiddish Film Between Two Worlds. Interfaces, studies in visual culture. Contributors: National Center for Jewish Film, Museum of Modern Art (New York, NY), illustrated edition. UPNE Publishing House, 2010, ISBN 978-1-58465-870-2 , p. 361.
  • Wolfgang Jacobsen: Schulz, Franz Georg. In: New German Biography. 23, 2007, pp. 713-714; ( Online version )
  • Peter Jelavich: Berlin Alexanderplatz: Radio, Film, and the Death of Weimar Culture (= Weimar and Now: German Cultural Criticism. Volume 37). University of California Press, 2006, ISBN 0-520-93164-5 .
  • Hanne Knickmann, Rolf Aurich: Kurt Pinthus, film journalist (= film & writing, editor Rolf Aurich. Volume 8). Edition Text + Critique, 2008, pp. 105, 274, 281.
  • Helmut Korte: The feature film and the end of the Weimar Republic: an attempt at the history of reception . Verlag Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht, 1998, ISBN 3-525-20714-X , pp. 185, 300, 485.
  • Florian Odenwald: "The" Nazi struggle against the "un-German" in theater and film: 1920–1945 (= Munich University Writings Theater Studies / Theater Studies. Volume 8). Verlag H. Utz, 2006, ISBN 3-8316-0632-3 , pp. 59, 163, 275.
  • Dietmar Pertsch: Jewish worlds in feature films and television games: Films on the history of the Jews from their beginnings to their emancipation in 1871 (= Volume 35 of media in research and teaching. Series A). New edition. Verlag Walter de Gruyter, Berlin 1992, ISBN 3-11-095212-2 , pp. 187, 255.
  • Siegbert Salomon Prawer: Between Two Worlds: The Jewish Presence in German and Austrian Film, 1910–1933 . (= Film Europe. Volume 3). Berghahn Books, 2007, ISBN 978-1-84545-303-9 , pp. 28, 140 ff.
  • Christian Rogowski: The Many Faces of Weimar Cinema: Rediscovering Germany's Filmic Legacy. Camden House, 2010, ISBN 978-1-57113-429-5 , p. 95.
  • Jörg Schöning, Joseph Garncarz, Elisa Mutsaers, Katja Uhlenbrok: FilmEuropa Babylon: Multilingual versions of the 1930s in Europe. CineGraph, Hamburg Center for Film Research. Ed. Text and criticism, pp. 22, 43, 146.
  • Thomas Tode: Cinematic counter-information. Some highlights from film history. 5/2003 (PDF online)
  • Paul Matthew St. Pierre: EA Dupont and His Contribution to British Film: Varieté, Moulin Rouge, Piccadilly, Atlantic, Two Worlds, Cape Forlorn. Fairleigh Dickinson Univ. Press, 2010, ISBN 978-0-8386-4258-0 , p. 146 and 205.
  • Christoph Wahl: The speaking of the films. About verbal language in feature films. [Version films and other methods of speech transmission - Sound film and standardization - The discussion about spoken film - The polyglot film - National film and international cinema]. Diss. Bochum 2003. PDF online , pp. 27f, 42, 227.
  • Arno Widmann: Doubt versus despair. In: Frankfurter Rundschau. October 13, 2014.
  • Friedrich von Zglinicki: The way of the film. History of cinematography and its predecessors . Rembrandt Verlag, Berlin 1956.
  • Peter Zimmermann: History of Documentary Film in Germany. Volume 2. Verlag Reclam, 2005, ISBN 3-15-010585-4 .

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Two worlds in the Internet Movie Database (English)Template: IMDb / Maintenance / Unnecessary use of parameter 2
  2. ↑ Two Worlds in the Internet Movie Database (English)
  3. ↑ Les deux mondes in the Internet Movie Database (English)
  4. ↑ Prawer p. 141.
  5. ↑ See Company credits in the Internet Movie Database
  6. ↑ See Prawer, p. 141.
  7. ↑ Cf. Prawer p. 144: “The German version of Two Worlds is particularily full of music; Dupont introduces Austrian and Russian marching songs, Lieder that had become folksongs (' Ich hatt' ein Kameraden ') and specially composed items by composers who include Friedrich Hollaender and Otto Stransky (' Rosa wir fahrn nach Lodz 'and' Ich hab ka Geld in my box '). There are also brief snatches of traditional Jewish liturgy. "
  8. ↑ In Feldquartier auf Hartem Stein (Annemarie) at volksliederarchiv.de
  9. ↑ Works by Julius Freund on deutscheslied.com
  10. ↑ See soundtrack in the Internet Movie Database
  11. ↑ Composed in 1914, title of the war edition by Bote & Bock reproduced. at booklooker.de (accessed on May 15, 2016).
  12. ↑ Photos Nos. 56 and 57, cf. filmportal.de
  13. ↑ See Zglinicki p. 448.
  14. ↑ See Zimmermann p. 196, 571, 574, Tode 2003, p. 3.
  15. ↑ Quoted in Knickmann-Aurich 2008, p. 74.
  16. ↑ See Blaschitz p. 68.
  17. ↑ See Korte, p. 185.
  18. ↑ See Odenwald p. 163.
  19. ↑ See Korte p. 485.
  20. ↑ See article “The breach of law against 'Zwei Welten'” in the Lichtbildbühne and “Frick Einspruch gegen 'Zwei Welten'” in the Filmkurier on October 7, 1930 and “Frick rejected again: Battle for 'Zwei Welten'” in the Berlin stock exchange Courier of October 16, 1930, “Filmoberprüfstelle gegen Frick” and “Does the Thuringian ban remain? Epilogue to the 'Zwei Welten' case ”, both in the Vossische Zeitung of October 17, 1930, finally“ Two worlds are free ”in the Filmkurier of October 20, 1930, quoted in in Jelavich p. 278, Anmm. 11 and 12.
  21. ↑ The examination on March 13, 1933 led to the prohibition of the film on April 12, 1933 by the supervisory authority under the number O.06530; he must be considered lost today.
  22. ↑ Cf. A. Widmann: "The letters that deal with the film Two Worlds / Zwei Welten (1930) by the German-Jewish director Ewald André Dupont (1891–1956) form a focus ."
  23. ↑ Cf. Rainer E. Lotz, Axel Weggen: Discography of the Judaica recordings , Volume 1. Bonn, Verlag B. Lotz 2008, ISBN 978-3-9810248-2-1 .
  24. ↑ Fig. At plakatkontor.de
  25. ↑ See archiv.de
  26. ↑ Fig. At ebay.de (accessed on May 15, 2016)