Brunswick Street, Valley, Brisbane (bus routes) and Wat: Difference between pages
Brunswick Street railway station, Brisbane has been moved; it now redirects to Fortitude Valley railway station, Brisbane. |
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:''This article is about a name for a Thai temple. For the Ethiopian dish, see [[Wat (food)]]. For the Japanese pop duo, see [[WaT]]. For the Laibach album, see ''[[WAT]]''. See also [[WAT (disambiguation)]].'' |
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#REDIRECT [[Fortitude Valley railway station, Brisbane]] |
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[[Image:PICT4861.JPG|thumb|right|The entrance to the ''Phra Viharn Luang'' (meeting hall) at Wat Suthat, one of the most important Buddhist temples in Bangkok]] |
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A '''wat''' (derived from the [[Sanskrit]] word ''Vattaka'') is a [[monastery]] [[temple]] in [[Cambodia]], [[Thailand]] or [[Laos]]. The word "wat" (Khmer '''វត្ត''')(Thai '''วัด''') (sometimes rendered "vat" when referring to Laos) means "school." Strictly speaking a wat is a [[Buddhist]] sacred precinct with monks' quarters , the temple proper, an edifice housing a large image of Buddha, and a structure for lessons. A Buddhist site without a minimum of three resident monks cannot correctly be described as a wat, although the term is frequently used more loosely, even for ruins of ancient temples. (As a transitive or intransitive verb, ''wat'' means to measure, to take measurements; compare ''templum'', from which ''temple'' derives, having the same root as ''template''.) |
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In Cambodia, a wat is used generally to refer to all kind of place of worship. Technically, wat generally refers to a Buddhist place of worship, but the technical term is វត្តពូទ្ធសាសនា (wat pootasasna). A church can be referred to either as វត្តយេស៊ូ (wat yeasu) or វីហារយេស៊ូ (vihear yeasu). Angkor Wat អង្ករវត្ត means city of temples. |
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In everyday language in Thailand, a wat is any place of worship except a [[mosque]] (Thai สุเหร่า ''su-rao''; or มัสยิด Thai rendering of ''masjid''; a mosque may also be described as โบสด์ของอิสลาม ''bot khong Is-a-lam''). Thus ''wat cheen'' is a Chinese temple (either Buddhist or [[Taoism|Taoist]]), ''wat khaek'' is a [[Hinduism|Hindu]] temple, and ''wat kris'' or ''wat krit'' or ''wat farang'' is a [[Christianity|Christian]] church, though Thai โบสด์ (โบด ''bot'') may be used descriptively as with ''mosque''. |
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== Structure == |
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A typical Buddhist wat consists of the following buildings: |
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* '''[[stupa|chaidei]]''' or '''[[stupa|chedi]]''' (Khmer ចេតិយ), (Thai เจดีย์) (from [[Sanskrit]]: ''chaitya'', temple) - usually conical or bell-shaped buildings, often containing relics of Buddha |
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* '''vihear''','''viharn''' or '''wihaan''' (Khmer វីហារ), (Thai วิหาร) (from Sanskrit: ''[[vihara]]'' and Pali ''vihaan'' ) - a meeting and prayer room |
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* '''mondop''' มณฑป (from Sanskrit: ''[[Mandapa]]'') - a usually open, square building with four arches and a pyramidal roof, used to worship religious texts or objects |
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* '''[[Sala (architecture)|sala]]''' (Khmer សាលា), (Thai ศาลา) (from Sanskrit: ''Shala'' - School, from an earlier meaning of ''shelter'') - a pavilion for relaxation or miscellaneous activities |
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* '''bot''' โบสถ์ or '''[[ubosoth]]''' อุโบสถ์ (from [[Pali]] ''[[uposatha]]'') - the holiest prayer room, also called the "ordination hall" as it is where new monks take their vows. Architecturally it is similar to the vihara; the main differences are the eight cornerstones placed around the bot to ward off evil. The bot is usually more decorated than the viharn. |
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* '''haw trai''' หอไตร - [[Tripitaka]] library where [[Buddhist texts|Buddhist scriptures]] are kept |
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* '''haw klawng''' หอกลอง - drum tower |
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* '''haw rakhang''' หอระฆัง - bell tower |
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* '''''sala kan parian''''' ([[Thai language|Thai]]: ศาลาการเปรียญ, study hall) is a multipurpose hall in a ''wat''. In the past this hall was only for monks to study in, as ''parian'' is a [[Pali]] word meaning 'educated monk' or 'monk student'. |
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The living quarters of the monks, including the กุฏิ (กุติ ''kuti'' or กุด ''kut'' - monk cells) are separated from the sacred buildings. |
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== Examples == |
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{{Wiktionary}} |
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Some well-known '''wats''' include: |
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===Cambodia=== |
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* [[Angkor Wat]], near [[Siem Reap]], [[Cambodia]] |
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* [[Silver Pagoda]], [[Phnom Penh]] |
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* [[Wat Phnom]], [[Phnom Penh]] |
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===Laos=== |
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* [[That Luang|Pha That Luang]], [[Vientiane]], [[Laos]] |
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* [[Wat Xieng Thong]], [[Luang Prabang]] |
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===Thailand=== |
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* [[Wat Suthat]], [[Bangkok]] [[Thailand]] |
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* [[Wat Benchamabophit]] (The Marble Temple), [[Bangkok]] |
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* [[Wat Ratchanadda]], [[Bangkok]] |
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* [[Wat Phra Kaew]], [[Bangkok]] |
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* [[Wat Arun]], [[Bangkok]] |
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* [[Wat Bowonniwet]], [[Bangkok]] |
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* [[Wat Phrathat Doi Suthep]], [[Chiang Mai]] |
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* [[Wat Aranyawiwake]], [[Chiang Mai]] |
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* [[Wat Chedi Luang]], [[Chiang Mai]] |
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* [[Phra Pathom Chedi|Wat Phra Pathom Chedi]], [[Nakhon Pathom]] |
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* [[Wat Phumin]], [[Nan, Thailand|Nan]] |
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==Gallery== |
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<gallery> |
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Image:AngkorWat.JPG|Angkor Wat, Siem Reap, Cambodia |
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Image:Silver Pagoda, Phnom Penh.jpg|Silver Pagoda, Phnom Penh |
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Image:Wat Phnom-Phnom Penh-Cambodia.jpg|Wat Phnom, Phnom Penh |
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Image:Wat Phra That Chang Kham, bôt, chedi et viharn, Nan.jpg|Two viharns and a chedi at Wat Phra That Chang Kham, Nan |
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Image:Wat Suan Tan, bôt, Nan.jpg|Chedi and viharn at Wat Suan Tan, Nan |
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Image:PICT3737.JPG|Wat Xieng Thong, Luang Prabang, Laos |
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</gallery> |
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{{Buddhism topics}} |
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{{Religion in Thailand}} |
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[[Category:Buddhist temples in Cambodia]] |
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[[Category:Buddhist monasteries]] |
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[[Category:Buddhist temples in Thailand| ]] |
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[[Category:Theravadan terms and concepts]] |
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[[Category:Theravada Buddhist temples| ]] |
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[[Category:Buddhist art and culture]] |
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[[Category:Cambodian culture]] |
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[[Category:Religion in Thailand]] |
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[[Category:Thai culture]] |
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[[Category:Buddhism in Laos]] |
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[[cs:Wat]] |
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[[de:Wat]] |
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[[es:Wat]] |
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[[fr:Wat (architecture)]] |
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[[he:ואט (מקדש)]] |
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[[nl:Wat]] |
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[[ja:ワット (宗教施設)]] |
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[[fi:Wat (arkkitehtuuri)]] |
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[[th:วัดไทย]] |
Revision as of 07:45, 12 October 2008
- This article is about a name for a Thai temple. For the Ethiopian dish, see Wat (food). For the Japanese pop duo, see WaT. For the Laibach album, see WAT. See also WAT (disambiguation).
A wat (derived from the Sanskrit word Vattaka) is a monastery temple in Cambodia, Thailand or Laos. The word "wat" (Khmer វត្ត)(Thai วัด) (sometimes rendered "vat" when referring to Laos) means "school." Strictly speaking a wat is a Buddhist sacred precinct with monks' quarters , the temple proper, an edifice housing a large image of Buddha, and a structure for lessons. A Buddhist site without a minimum of three resident monks cannot correctly be described as a wat, although the term is frequently used more loosely, even for ruins of ancient temples. (As a transitive or intransitive verb, wat means to measure, to take measurements; compare templum, from which temple derives, having the same root as template.)
In Cambodia, a wat is used generally to refer to all kind of place of worship. Technically, wat generally refers to a Buddhist place of worship, but the technical term is វត្តពូទ្ធសាសនា (wat pootasasna). A church can be referred to either as វត្តយេស៊ូ (wat yeasu) or វីហារយេស៊ូ (vihear yeasu). Angkor Wat អង្ករវត្ត means city of temples.
In everyday language in Thailand, a wat is any place of worship except a mosque (Thai สุเหร่า su-rao; or มัสยิด Thai rendering of masjid; a mosque may also be described as โบสด์ของอิสลาม bot khong Is-a-lam). Thus wat cheen is a Chinese temple (either Buddhist or Taoist), wat khaek is a Hindu temple, and wat kris or wat krit or wat farang is a Christian church, though Thai โบสด์ (โบด bot) may be used descriptively as with mosque.
Structure
A typical Buddhist wat consists of the following buildings:
- chaidei or chedi (Khmer ចេតិយ), (Thai เจดีย์) (from Sanskrit: chaitya, temple) - usually conical or bell-shaped buildings, often containing relics of Buddha
- vihear,viharn or wihaan (Khmer វីហារ), (Thai วิหาร) (from Sanskrit: vihara and Pali vihaan ) - a meeting and prayer room
- mondop มณฑป (from Sanskrit: Mandapa) - a usually open, square building with four arches and a pyramidal roof, used to worship religious texts or objects
- sala (Khmer សាលា), (Thai ศาลา) (from Sanskrit: Shala - School, from an earlier meaning of shelter) - a pavilion for relaxation or miscellaneous activities
- bot โบสถ์ or ubosoth อุโบสถ์ (from Pali uposatha) - the holiest prayer room, also called the "ordination hall" as it is where new monks take their vows. Architecturally it is similar to the vihara; the main differences are the eight cornerstones placed around the bot to ward off evil. The bot is usually more decorated than the viharn.
- haw trai หอไตร - Tripitaka library where Buddhist scriptures are kept
- haw klawng หอกลอง - drum tower
- haw rakhang หอระฆัง - bell tower
- sala kan parian (Thai: ศาลาการเปรียญ, study hall) is a multipurpose hall in a wat. In the past this hall was only for monks to study in, as parian is a Pali word meaning 'educated monk' or 'monk student'.
The living quarters of the monks, including the กุฏิ (กุติ kuti or กุด kut - monk cells) are separated from the sacred buildings.
Examples
Some well-known wats include:
Cambodia
Laos
Thailand
- Wat Suthat, Bangkok Thailand
- Wat Benchamabophit (The Marble Temple), Bangkok
- Wat Ratchanadda, Bangkok
- Wat Phra Kaew, Bangkok
- Wat Arun, Bangkok
- Wat Bowonniwet, Bangkok
- Wat Phrathat Doi Suthep, Chiang Mai
- Wat Aranyawiwake, Chiang Mai
- Wat Chedi Luang, Chiang Mai
- Wat Phra Pathom Chedi, Nakhon Pathom
- Wat Phumin, Nan
Gallery
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Angkor Wat, Siem Reap, Cambodia
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Silver Pagoda, Phnom Penh
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Wat Phnom, Phnom Penh
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Two viharns and a chedi at Wat Phra That Chang Kham, Nan
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Chedi and viharn at Wat Suan Tan, Nan
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Wat Xieng Thong, Luang Prabang, Laos