Thich Nhất Hạnh

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Thich Nhất Hanh (2006)

Thích Nhất Hạnh ([ tʰik ɲɜt hɐʲŋ ]), in international literature also Thich Nhat Hanh ( born October 11, 1926 as Nguyễn Xuân Bảo in Thừa Thiên , Annam region , French Indochina ; † January 22, 2022 in Huế , Vietnam ), was a Vietnamese Buddhist monk , writer and poet. Thích is a title of Vietnamese monks.

In addition to the Dalai Lama , the author of numerous books was a contemporary representative of Buddhist teachings and a dedicated representative of " committed Buddhism " since his youth. Thích Nhất Hạnh was one of the patrons of the INEB . Retreats and lectures have taken him around the world.

Life

Thich Nhất Hanh in Vietnam 2007
Thich Nhất Hanh in Vietnam 2007

Thích Nhất Hạnh was ordained as a monk at the age of sixteen at Từ Hiếu Temple in Huế . In addition to the texts of the Mahayana tradition, he was also interested in the writings of other schools, particularly Theravada , from an early age . He was also fascinated by European philosophers and religious theorists.

In 1949 he was one of the founders of the An Quang Buddhist Institute in Saigon , where he taught the first class of novice monks. There he also had contact with French soldiers.

He published his first articles on engaged Buddhism in a Vietnamese newspaper in 1954. They appeared as a series of ten articles entitled A Fresh Look at Buddhism . Shortly thereafter he published another series of ten articles under the title Buddhism Today (Buddhism Today), which were translated into French (French: Aujourd'hui le Bouddhisme ).

In 1956 he and friends built Fragrant Palm Leaves Monastery in Dai Lao Forest in Bsu Danlu , where he lived for a few years.

In 1961 he received a research fellowship in comparative religion at Princeton University .

In 1963-64 he lectured at Columbia University .

After the change of power in Vietnam in 1963, he returned to Vietnam in early 1964 at the request of his colleagues to help there. He founded the Van Hanh University and published a collection of his previously published articles on the subject under the title Dao Phat di vao cuoc doi (German: committed Buddhism). Six months later he published another book, Dao Phat hien dai hoa (English: Buddhism renewed).

He was a co-founder of the "United Buddhist Church of Vietnam" (1963), which feels equally committed to the Theravada (early Buddhist, southern school) and Mahayana tradition (later, northern school). Under the auspices of the United Buddhist Church of Vietnam, the School of Youth Social Services (SYSS) was established in 1965, made up of monks and lay practitioners who helped rural villages set up schools and hospitals. During the Vietnam War , the SYSS helped to rebuild the bombed towns, which repeatedly caught the aid organization between the fronts and many of its members lost their lives.

In 1964, Thích Nhất Hạnh founded the " Tiep -Hien-Order" ( English Order of Interbeing ) as a "spiritual resistance movement". The order is based entirely on the teachings of the Buddha . The members of the order are involved in the practical implementation of Buddhist teachings in specific social and peace projects.

On June 1, 1965, Thích Nhất Hạnh wrote an open letter to Martin Luther King , detailing the situation in Vietnam and urging King to comment on the Vietnam War. In 1966 Thich Nhat Hanh met Martin Luther King. In early 1967, Martin Luther King nominated Thích Nhất Hạnh for the Nobel Peace Prize and publicly opposed the Vietnam War.

During an audience with Pope Paul VI. in July 1966, Thích Nhất Hạnh, in his capacity as a collaborator with the Buddhist leaders Thich Tri Quang and Thich Tam Chau, also urged him to work for peace in Vietnam. This request was decisive for the Pope sending an ambassador to Vietnam.

In 1969, Thích Nhất Hạnh was a member of the Buddhist delegation to the Vietnam peace negotiations in Paris. There he founded the United Buddhist Church in the same year .

Because of his peacetime activities, he was declared persona non grata by the South Vietnamese government and had to remain in exile. Since he was no longer able to publish under his name in Vietnam, his next book Buddhism of Tomorrow was published under the pseudonym Bsu Danlu (based on the location of his monastery mentioned above). He subsequently published several books in Vietnam under various names, including an extensive three-volume work on the history of Vietnamese Buddhism under the pen name Nguyen Lang .

After a few years in Paris, in 1971 he and his companions founded the rural commune "Les Patates douces" ( German  The sweet potatoes ) near the village of Fontvannes , 150 km south-east of Paris, and in 1982 finally created the practice center " Plum Village " ( French Village des Pruniers ). Every year retreats are held there, attended by thousands of people from all over the world. In 2017, Benedict Cumberbatch spoke about the community from the early diaries of Hạnh in the documentary Walk with me .

The continuation of the social commitment to Vietnam was always a central concern for Thích Nhất Hạnh and his companions in France. In addition to projects for medical care, this also includes support for boat people (Vietnam refugees). In Plum Village, Thích Nhất Hạnh wrote - especially in the 1990s - a large number of books that are essentially aimed at a Western audience and deal with the practical implementation of Buddhist teachings in everyday life.

In January 2005, after 39 years of exile, he returned to his native Vietnam for three months, where he was able to hold lectures and retreats throughout the country.

In 2007, Thích Nhất Hạnh initiated the founding of the European Institute for Applied Buddhism (EIAB) in Waldbröl (Germany, North Rhine-Westphalia). He acquired a large listed building (now: Ashoka Institute ) that housed a "rehab and nursing home" for the mentally ill and mentally handicapped prior to World War II (built 1894–1897). Most of these (about 700 people) became victims of the euthanasia program ( Action T4 ) during the National Socialist period . From 1939 the building was converted into the " KdF Hotel", later it was used as a municipal hospital and by the German Armed Forces . The former civilian service school also belongs to the EIAB. Due to fire protection regulations, the EIAB had to be extensively renovated after its foundation in 2008. After a lengthy renovation, the Ashoka Institute was inaugurated on August 22, 2012 by Thích Nhất Hạnh together with the mayor of Waldbröl. To mark the occasion (simultaneously 70 years since Thích Nhất Hạnh's ordination as a monk and 30th anniversary of Plum Village), the EIAB also displayed a collection of his calligraphy . In memory of the euthanasia victims of Waldbröl, the "Healing Hearts" campaign took place beforehand. In addition, a gate and a stupa were made from unused columns of the National Socialists (which have been stored there ever since) . In one of his calligraphs, Thích Nhất Hạnh wrote: “Out of the mud of discrimination and bigotry we draw the lotus of tolerance and inclusivity.” Retreats in the Plum Village tradition are regularly held at the EIAB. The director of the institute is Thay Phap An (Dr. Thu Pham).

On November 11, 2014, at the age of 88, Thích Nhất Hạnh suffered a severe cerebral hemorrhage while hospitalized in Bordeaux . After this stroke, he withdrew from public life.

As of October 2018, Thích Nhất Hạnh resided at Từ Hiếu Temple, where he had been ordained as a monk in 1942.

On January 22, 2022, at exactly midnight, Thích Nhất Hạnh died in Từ Hiếu Temple.

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The Buddhist teachings and special accents in Thích Nhất Hạnh

The Buddhist school of Thích Nhất Hạnh can be described as "Sati-Zen" with the term of the Swiss Dharma teacher Marcel Geisser . Thích Nhất Hạnh incorporated elements of early Buddhism ( Theravada ), particularly those of mindfulness practice ( sati is the Pali term for mindfulness). Thích Nhất Hạnh's thinking was characterized by this great openness towards the most diverse Buddhist traditions, which bursts boundaries. Above all, it is thanks to this openness - also towards Western ideas - that the Vietnamese monk was able to develop an explanation and practice of the Buddha's teachings that is not a mere imitation of Asian rites and traditions, but a form of spiritual practice that is also appropriate for Western people opened. In orthodox Buddhist circles, Thích Nhất Hạnh's interpretation of the teaching sometimes goes too far - although the Buddha already emphasized that his own teaching (like all things) is subject to change and that the form of presentation must always be adapted to the respective audience and its specific historical-social context.

Charles Prebish , professor of religious studies, doubted Thích Nhất Hạnh's authorization as a teacher. This was not a Zen master in Vietnam and therefore could not carry out a "direct transmission" to students.

The following focal points characterize Thích Nhất Hạnh's thinking:

primacy of practice

Thích Nhất Hạnh describes philosophical aspects of Buddhism but emphasizes that ultimately only continuous meditative practice will lead to true spiritual maturity. An indispensable support in practice is the Sangha .

sutras

A sutra is a Buddhist discourse. The following texts play a central role in the Plum Village school: Diamond Sutra , Sutra on the 4 Foundations of Mindfulness , Sutra on Full Mindfulness of the Breath , Sutra on Knowledge of the Better Way of Living Alone , Sutra on the Better Way to Catch a Serpent , Heart Sutra and the Avatamsaka Sutra .

mindfulness

Mindfulness is the art of being "mentally present" in every moment and thus living "fully in the present". Due to certain peculiarities of human psychological reactions, the constant active effort is required to consciously perceive every single moment of the day in a consistently high level of alertness with intentionally activated attention . One's own "feelings" require a particularly high level of attention - because of their rousing character. Especially emotions of a "negative kind" such as anger, rage, fear or despair. If one is able to register and track emotional reactions of all kinds in the attitude of unshakable mindfulness, their effects are already weakened by this alone. Over time, negative reactions can thus experience a healing transformation. In its methodical application of mindfulness meditation or vipassana , mindfulness also leads to a direct, ever more accurate grasp of the essence of things and thus insight . Insight that cannot be conveyed through discursive thinking, is not influenced by any prejudice or previous experience, is immediate and conscious (and not just intuitive , imaginative, incomprehensible sudden kind).

"interbeing"

This term, coined by Thích Nhất Hạnh (usually rendered as interbeing in English), refers to the interweaving of all phenomena, the embedding of all things in an infinitely complex web of relationships. Everything only exists within the framework of such relationships, everything is subject to multiple conditions (compare dependent origination ).

  • ... I am the twelve-year-old girl, fugitive in a boat, who throws herself into the sea after being raped by a pirate, and I am the pirate, my heart not yet able to see and love ...

ethics

Thích Nhất Hạnh is particularly credited with having translated Buddhist ethics into a contemporary language based on the Five Silas . His "five mindfulness exercises", the present form of which originates from a decades-long intellectual maturing process, offer people today a clear ethical guideline for their actions and for a life of responsibility for one's neighbour.

The "14 Rules of the Order of Interbeing" (1966) also formulate a clear ethical framework: They call on practitioners to critically question their own beliefs and to recognize that Buddhist doctrines are not absolute truths either.

Thích Nhất Hạnh's interpretation of the Buddha's teachings is entirely committed to the Bodhisattva ideal: One's own practice on the path to liberation from suffering is always related to serving one's fellow human beings. The two cannot be separated - especially not if you want to get involved in peace in the world: "Peace in oneself - Peace in the world". Until you've made peace with yourself and ended the war in your heart and mind, you won't really be able to be of any help to those around you.

ecology

Thích Nhất Hạnh addressed the topics of ecology , global warming , and the impact of human consumer behavior on planet Earth in various books and interviews. He emphasizes that we must accept that human civilization can destroy itself. Realizing this fact should not lead to despair, but to doing everything possible to prevent it. For him, this includes minimizing material consumption and renunciation and frugality, not growth and investment . for vegetarian nutrition, renewable energies, recycling and, in general, consumption that is as economical as possible (including, for example, largely avoiding driving and long-distance travel).

Forms of practice at Thích Nhất Hạnh

In addition to the emphasis on certain teaching content, Buddhist schools differ above all in the design of spiritual practice. The following meditations and exercises are cultivated according to the teachings of Thích Nhất Hạnh:

sitting meditation

Sitting meditation is an important part of the so-called "formal" practice, but due to the cultivation of a large number of other meditative exercises, it takes up less time than in classic Zen ( zazen ) or in Vipassana.

walking meditation

A form of meditation developed against the background of kinhin in Zen, in which all attention is focused on the process of walking (both in the zendo, the meditation room, and in the open air).

Guided Meditation

The meditations “guided” (spoken) by a member of the community are – similar to contemplation – usually dedicated to a topic on which the mind is focused in the constant rhythm of inhalation and exhalation. E.g.: “Breathing in I know that I am breathing in – breathing out I know that I am breathing out” . Topics are e.g. B.: stilling of mental activity, body awareness, body relaxation, embedding in nature and human communities, impermanence or other Buddhist teachings.

The guided meditations also include the so-called "earth touching", in which the heart connection to physical and spiritual ancestors and human communities is strengthened. Yoga - inspired , speaker-led “deep relaxation” (a kind of mental journey through the body) is also one of the guided forms of meditation practiced at Thích Nhất Hạnh.

mindfulness exercises

Thich Nhat Hanh does not draw a line between formal forms of meditation, such as sitting and walking meditation, and everyday mindfulness practice. Mindfulness exercises serve to stabilize full presence in the present moment and train the ability to perceptually (or "mentally") focus more and more comprehensively and if possible "entirely", i.e. exclusively on your current actions. “Gathas” (verses) and reminder pillars (specific everyday occurrences such as the ringing of the telephone) serve as reminders— anchors or supports —in mindfulness practice. All everyday activities, especially those that are regularly repeated and routine activities that are particularly often just “automatically” performed, such as eating, are viewed and used as opportunities to practice mindfulness (mindfulness while doing). In order to create a good basis for mindful action, the practitioners keep the "noble silence" at certain times of the day, i. i.e. they refrain from any verbal exchange. Thich Nhat Hanh has formulated five concrete mindfulness exercises that should be understood as ethical guidelines, not as dogmatic imperatives:

  1. Respect for life, non-violence
  2. Generosity: non-stealing, frugality, solidarity and social awareness
  3. Sexual Responsibility: Respect and love, Protection from abuse, Cultivating a sense of responsibility to protect the integrity of individuals, couples, families and society
  4. Listening attentively and speaking compassionately: Recommendations include: Marshall B. Rosenberg's "Nonviolent Communication" methods
  5. Mindful consumption: paying attention to mental and physical health, avoiding “poisons”, determination to “live consciously”

Communicative and social exercises

A series of exercises such as the "New Beginning" or the "Peace Treaty" serve to stabilize the harmony in communities. Conflicts can be discussed and resolved here. Questions of practice and teaching are also regularly dealt with in discussion rounds.

Selected Works (alphabetically)

  • Anger: Breaking free from the cycle of destructive emotions. Goldmann, Munich 2002, ISBN 3-442-33651-1 (English: Anger. Wisdom for Cooling the Flames. Riverhead Books, 2001).
  • Fear becomes courage. Fundamentals of Buddhist Psychology. Theseus Verlag, Berlin 2003, ISBN 3-89620-201-4 ( Transformation at the Base: Fifty Verses on the Nature of Consciousness. Parallax Press, 2001).
  • Out of love for all beings - the moving life story of Thich Nhat Hanh's spiritual companion. ( Chân Không ), Theseus, Stuttgart 2005, ISBN 3-89620-276-6 by Chân Không.
  • Buddha and Christ today. One truth - two ways. Goldmann Arkana, Munich 1995, ISBN 3-442-21523-4 (English: Living Buddha, Living Christ. Riverhead Books, 1995).
  • The boat is not the shore, talks about Buddhist-Christian consciousness. Goldmann 2001, ISBN 3-442-21600-1 (Thich Nhat Hanh/ Daniel Berrigan ) ( The Raft is Not the Shore: Conversations Toward a Buddhist-Christian Awareness. Orbis Books, 2001).
  • The happiness of hugging a tree. Stories from the art of mindful living. Goldmann, Munich 1997, ISBN 3-442-13233-9 .
  • The heart of the cosmos. The Wisdom of the Lotus Sutra. Herder, Freiburg im Breisgau 2005, ISBN 3-451-28468-5 (Engl.: Opening the Heart of the Cosmos: Insights from the Lotus-Sutra. Parallax Press, 2003).
  • The Miracle of Mindfulness. Introduction to Meditation. 10th edition. Theseus Verlag, Berlin 2001, ISBN 3-89620-173-5 (English: The Miracle of Mindfulness. Beacon Press, 1999).
  • The Buddha. Theseus, 2002.
  • The Buddha says. Theseus, 2003.
  • The scent of palm leaves. Memories of fateful years. Herder, Freiburg im Breisgau 2000, ISBN 3-451-27445-0 (Engl.: Fragrant Palm Leaves: Journals, 1962-1966. Riverhead, 1999).
  • Take the world to heart. Buddhist paths to ecology and peace. Aurum in J. Kamphausen, Bielefeld 2009, ISBN 978-3-89901-202-6 .
  • I plant a smile. The path of mindfulness. Goldmann, Munich 1991, ISBN 3-442-30572-1 (Engl.: Peace is every step. Bantam Books, 1991).
  • Be at home in the here and now. Theseus Publishers, September 2006, ISBN 3-89620-319-3 .
  • No becoming, no passing away. Buddhist wisdom for a life without fear. Otto Wilhelm Barth Verlag 2002, ISBN 3-502-61118-1 .
  • Clear as a still river. Kristkeitz, Heidelberg-Leimen 1999, ISBN 3-921508-73-8 (English: Present Moment, Wonderful Moment: Mindfulness Verses for Daily Living. Parallax Press, 1990).
  • Smile to your own heart. Ways to a mindful life. HERDER spectrum 1998, ISBN 3-451-04370-X .
  • love acts. Ways to non-violent social change. Kristkeitz, Heidelberg 1997, ISBN 3-921508-72-X ( Love in Action: Writings on Nonviolent Social Change. Parallax Press, 2005).
  • Understand with the heart. Theseus 1989, ISBN 3-89620-139-5 ( The Heart of Understanding: Commentaries on the Prajnaparamita Heart Sutra. Parallax Press, 1988).
  • Call me by my true name. Collected Poems, Theseus 1997, ISBN 3-89620-104-2 ( Call Me by My True Names: The Collected Poems of Thich Nhat Hanh. Parallax Press, 1999).
  • Take life in your arms. The Buddha's teaching on love. Theseus, 1997; dtv, Munich 2006, ISBN 3-423-34281-1 (English: Teachings on Love. Parallax Press, 1998).
  • No mud, no lotus. The art of transforming suffering. Nymphenburger, Munich 2015, ISBN 978-3-485-02845-5 . No Mud, No Lotus: The Art of Transforming Suffering. Parallax Press, 2014
  • key to zen. 3rd Edition. Herder, Freiburg im Breisgau 2003, ISBN 3-451-05335-7 (Engl.: Zen Keys: A Guide to Zen Practice. Three Leaves Press, 1995).
  • steps of mindfulness. A journey to the origin of Buddhism. HERDER spectrum 1998, ISBN 3-451-04890-6 .
  • embrace your anger Theseus Verlag, 2002, ISBN 3-89620-110-7 ( Transformation and Healing. The Sutra on the Four Establishments of Mindfulness. Parallax Press, 1990).
  • create true peace. Goldmann, Munich 2004, ISBN 3-442-33718-6 ( Creating True Peace: Ending Conflict in Yourself, Your Family, Your Community and the World. Rider, 2003).
  • Even if it seems impossible. A story of true love. Goldmann, Munich 2012, ISBN 978-3-442-21782-3 . ( The Novice. A Story of True Love. HarperOne, 2011)
  • How Siddhartha became a Buddha. An introduction to Buddhism. Theseus, 2001; dtv, Munich 2004, ISBN 3-423-34073-8 (English: Old Path - White Clouds: Walking in the Footsteps of the Buddha. Parallax Press, 1991).
  • times of mindfulness. 8th edition. Herder, Freiburg im Breisgau 1996, ISBN 3-451-05179-6 .

Literature about Thích Nhất Hạnh

  • Erika Erber: Mindfulness and Interbeing. Buddhism at Thich Nhat Hanh. : Lit Verlag, Vienna, Berlin 2011, ISBN 978-3-643-50328-2 .
  • Patricia Hunt-Perry, Lyn Fine: All Buddhism is Engaged: Thich Nhat Hanh and the Order of Interbeing. In: Christopher S. Queen: Engaged Buddhism in the West. Sommerville, MA: Wisdom Publications, 2000, ISBN 0-86171-159-9 .
  • Detlef Kantowsky: What to do? About Resistant Influence Today. In: International Asia Forum. 34 (1–2), 2003, pp. 127–143 doi.org (PDF)
  • Robert H. King: Thomas Merton and Thich Nhat Hanh. Engaged Spirituality in an Age of Globalization. New York, NY, The Continuum International Publishing Group, 2001, ISBN 0-8264-1340-4 .
  • Sallie B. King: Thich Nhat Hanh and the Unified Buddhist Church of Vietnam : Nondualism in Action. In: Christopher S. Queen, Sallie B. King (eds.): Engaged Buddhism. Buddhist Liberation Movements in Asia. Suny Press, 1996, ISBN 0-7914-2843-5 .
  • Janet W. Parachin: Educating for an engaged spirituality: Dorothy Day and Thich Nhat Hanh as spiritual exemplars. In: Religious Education. Vol. 95, No. 3, 2000, pp. 250–268, doi:10.1080/0034408000950303 .
  • Céline Chadelat, Bernard Baudouin: Thich Nhat Hanh - A Life of Mindfulness: The Biography. Lotos Verlag, Munich 2017, ISBN 978-3-7787-8273-6 .

web links

Wikiquote: Thich Nhat Hanh  – Quotes
Commons : Thich Nhat Hanh  - Collection of images, videos and audio files

itemizations

  1. ↑ a b c d e f Thích Nhất Hạnh: History of Engaged Buddhism : A Dharma Talk by Thich Nhat Hanh, Hanoi, Vietnam, May 6-7, 2008. In: Human Architecture: Journal of the Sociology of Self-Knowledge , Vol .6, eat. 3, Article 7, 2008, pp. 29-36.
  2. ↑ Thich Nhat Hanh: In Search of the Enemy of Man (addressed to (the Rev.) Martin Luther King)." In Nhat Nanh, Ho Huu Tuong, Tam Ich, Bui Giang, Pham Cong Thien. Dialogue. Saigon: La Boi , 1965. P. 11-20.
  3. ↑ Nomination of Thich Nhat Hanh for the Nobel Peace Prize. Martin Luther King Jr., January 25, 1967. Retrieved July 13, 2013.
  4. ↑ Martin Luther King, The Casualities of War in Vietnam. Speech of February 25, 1967, The Nation Institute, Los Angeles. Retrieved July 13, 2013.
  5. ↑ Martin Luther King: Beyond Vietnam . Speech delivered April 4, 1967 at Riverside Church, New York City. Retrieved July 13, 2013.
  6. ↑ Pope Paul VI. to Viet Nam? In: The Time . October 28, 1966. Retrieved July 13, 2013.
  7. ↑ Heise on May 23, 2009
  8. ↑ a b Judith Merkelt: Master of Meditation pektrum.de, December 1, 2017.
  9. ↑ Around the hospital , information on the former Waldbröl sanatorium and nursing home at www.waldbröl.de (retrieved on September 11, 2012).
  10. ↑ Till-R. Stoldt: Buddha's Gentle Advance . World Online , August 19, 2012.
  11. ↑ Christian Behrens: Peace and Strength , WDR , local time from Cologne, August 22, 2012 (Video, 03:13 min)
  12. ↑ Michael Fiedler-Heinen: Ashoka Institute: The Celebration of a Peaceful World. Kölner Stadt-Anzeiger , August 22, 2012 (accessed September 11, 2012).
  13. ↑ Healing hearts , local indicator Waldbröl
  14. ↑ a b Nurse Jewel: EIAB is looking for helpers for the "Healing Hearts" project , on www.waldbröl.de, May 11, 2012 (accessed on September 11, 2012).
  15. ↑ Buddhist Leader Thich Nhat Hanh Hospitalized With Brain Hemorrhage, Social Media Users Send Healing Messages. In: International Business Times . November 13, 2014. Retrieved November 14, 2014.
  16. ↑ Thich Nhat Hanh Returns Home. 2 November 2018, retrieved 13 June 2019 .
  17. ↑ Community: Thích Nhất Hạnh, Buddhist Monk, Activist, and Author, Dies at 95. In: bookriot.com. January 21, 2022, accessed January 22, 2022 (English).
  18. ↑ Prebish/Tanaka: The Faces of Buddhism in America. Berkeley 1998, p. 309, footnote 9.
  19. ↑ This is also the result of scientific-psychological research on normal and "altered states of consciousness" such as e.g. B. by Charles Tart in: Wide awake and conscious living. Ways to unfold human potential - the guide to conscious being. Scherz, Munich 1988, since 1995 Arbor, Freiamt; see also ds. The art of inner awareness. The practice book for living in the present moment. Arbor, Freiamt 1996.
  20. ↑ Thich Nhat Hanh, Times of Mindfulness. p. 145.
  21. ↑ u. a.: Close the world to the heart. Buddhist paths to ecology and peace. Aurum in J. Kamphausen, Bielefeld, 2009, ISBN 978-3-89901-202-6 .
  22. ↑ Jo Confino: Zen master Thich Nhat Hanh: only love can save us from climate change . The Guardian Sustainable Business, January 21, 2013; accessed 7 September 2016.
  23. ↑ Thich Nhat Hanh interview with Jo Confino, an executive editor of the Guardian. 22 December 2011. Video, 27 min 39 sec, accessed 7 September 2016.
  24. ↑ Tom Levitt: Thich Nhat Hanh: in 100 years there may be no more humans on planet earth. In: The Ecologist 22 March 2012, accessed 7 September 2016.
  25. ↑ David Suzuki Foundation : Thich Nhat Hanh and David Suzuki discuss climate change and human behaviour. ( Memento of 29 October 2013 at Internet Archive ) Discussion with Thich Nhat Hanh, David Suzuki , Gregor Robertson and Jim Hoggan on 24 August 2011 ( video , 59 min), retrieved 7 September 2016.
personal data
SURNAME Hạnh, Thich Nhất
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Trung Quang; thay; Nguyễn Xuân Bảo (real name)
BRIEF DESCRIPTION Vietnamese Buddhist monk
BIRTH DATE October 11, 1926
PLACE OF BIRTH Thua Thien
DATE OF DEATH January 22, 2022
PLACE OF DEATH Hue