Richard Swann Lull and Amon Amarth: Difference between pages

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{{for|the Middle-Earth location commonly known as "Mount Doom"|Orodruin}}
'''Richard Swann Lull''' (November 6, 1867 - 1957) was an [[United States|American]] [[paleontologist]] from the early 20th century, active at [[Yale University]], who is largely remembered now for championing a Pre-[[Neo-Darwinian Synthesis]] view of [[evolution]], whereby mutation(s) could unlock mysterious genetic drives that, over time, would lead populations to increasingly extreme [[phenotype]]s (and perhaps, ultimately, to extinction).
{{Infobox musical artist |
| Name = Amon Amarth
| Img = Amon Amarth-0994-Ted Lundström.jpg
| Img_capt = Amon Amarth lead bassist Ted Lundström at the [[With Full Force]] festival
| Img_size =
| Landscape = yes
| Background = group_or_band
| Origin = [[Tumba, Sweden|Tumba]], [[Sweden]]
| Years_active = 1988–present
| Label = [[Metal Blade Records|Metal Blade]]
| Associated_acts = [[Eternal Oath]], [[Opeth]] <!-- consensus delimiter for associated acts IS a comma -->
| URL = [http://www.amonamarth.com www.amonamarth.com]
| Current_members = Fredrik Andersson<br/>Johan Hegg<br/>Johan Söderberg<br/>Olavi Mikkonen<br/>[[Ted Lundström]]
| Past_members = Anders Hansson<br/>Nico Mehra<br/>[[Martin Lopez]]
}}
'''Amon Amarth''' is a [[Viking]]-themed [[melodic death metal]] band from [[Tumba, Sweden|Tumba]], [[Sweden]] founded in 1992.<ref name="FOUND">{{cite web | title = Biography at amonamarth.com | url = http://amonamarth.com/templates/content.aspx?PageID=14 | accessdate = 2007-02-27}}</ref> It is named after [[Mount Doom]]; a location in [[J. R. R. Tolkien]]'s [[Middle-earth]]. The name means "[[Mountain of Fate]]" in [[Sindarin]], one of [[Tolkien]]'s [[Elvish languages]]. Currently under [[Metal Blade Records]], the group has released seven [[studio album]]s, one [[EP]], one [[DVD]] and five [[music video]]s as of 2008.


== History ==
Lull was born in [[Annapolis, Maryland]], the son of naval officer Edward Phelps Lull and Elizabeth Burton, daughter of General [[Henry Burton]]. He majored in [[zoology]] at [[Rutgers College]] where he received both his undergraduate and masters degrees (M.S. 1896). He worked for the Division of Entomology of the [[United States Department of Agriculture]], but in 1894 became an assistant professor of zoology at the State Agricultural College in [[Amherst, Massachusetts]] (now the [[University of Massachusetts]]). Lull's interest in fossil footprints began at [[Amherst College]], renowned for its collection of [[fossil]] footprints, and eventually led him to switch from [[entomology]] to [[paleontology]].
Formed under the name '''Scum''' in 1988, the band was originally a [[grindcore]] group formed by Themgoroth ([[Dark Funeral]]), Olavi ([[electric guitar|guitar]]) and Ted ([[bass guitar]]). When Johan joined the band, it resulted in a musical change towards [[death metal]]. After a 1991 demo, they changed the band's name to Amon Amarth in 1992. After they became Amon Amarth, they released a demo recording, ''The Arrival of the Fimbul Winter'', in 1994, selling all 1000 [[demo (music)|demo]] discs in less than 12 hours.{{Fact|date=December 2007}} This demo brought them to sign at Pulverised Records, on which they released in 1996 their first [[Mini CD|MCD]] ''[[Sorrow Throughout the Nine Worlds]]'', from which they sold 6000 copies (spread throughout four different versions)<ref>{{cite web | title = Amon Amarth Biography | url = http://www.amonamarth.de/en/band_biography.shtml | accessdate = 2007-11-14}}</ref>. This release brought them to sign with [[Metal Blade Records]]. With the release of the album ''[[Once Sent from the Golden Hall]]'' in 1998, their popularity rose internationally and since has meant multiple Canadian tours, US tours, festival appearances, five [[music video]]s, and appearances in over 100 metal magazines.<ref>{{cite web | title = Amon Amarth Biography | url = http://www.amonamarth.de/en/band_biography.shtml | accessdate = 2007-11-14}}</ref> In early January 2008, their first tour of [[Australia]] and [[New Zealand]] took place, along with supporting [[Dimmu Borgir]] on tour in [[Europe]]. They finished a US and Canadian tour with [[Sonic Syndicate]] and [[Himsa]] beforehand. [[Decapitated (band)|Decapitated]] was scheduled to appear on tour with Amon Amarth but cancelled when their drummer, [[Witold Kieltyka|Witold "Vitek" Kieltyka]], passed away on November 2nd in a Russian hospital due to injuries he sustained from a recent road collision. The group has gradually gained further exposure including [[Richard Christy]] on ''[[The Howard Stern Show]]'' mentioning his attendance at one of their concerts.


The February 2008 edition of ''[[Terrorizer (magazine)|Terrorizer]]'' magazine confirmed that the band is working on a new album due for a late summer release.<ref>[http://www.roadrunnerrecords.com/Blabbermouth.net/news.aspx?mode=Article&newsitemID=100994]</ref>{{Fact|date=January 2007}} Amon Amarth also extended their record deal with Metal Blade Records for three more albums.<ref>[http://www.komodorock.com/latest-news/latest-news/amon-amarth-extend-deal-with-metal-blade-records-200802094154/ Amon Amarth Extend Deal With Metal Blade Records] Feb 10. 2008</ref>
In 1899 Lull worked as a member of the [[American Museum of Natural History]]'s expedition to Bone Cabin Quarry, Wyoming, helping to collect that museum's [[brontosaur]] skeleton. In 1902 he again joined an American Museum team in Montana, then studied under [[Columbia University]] Prof. [[Henry Fairfield Osborn]]. In 1903 he received his Ph.D. from [[Columbia University]], and in 1906, after a brief time at Amherst, was named Assistant Professor of Vertebrate Paleontology in Yale College and Associate Curator of Vertebrate Paleontology at the [[Peabody Museum of Natural History]]. He stayed at Yale for the next 50 years.


The title of the new album by Amon Amarth is ''[[Twilight of the Thunder God]]'', to be released on September 17, 2008 for Finland and Sweden. It will feature guest appearances by [[Lars Göran Petrov]] of [[Entombed (band)|Entombed]], [[Roope Latvala]] of [[Children of Bodom]], and the [[cello metal]] band [[Apocalyptica]]. Along with the release of the album will be an eight-page comic strip based on Norse mythology which will be released by magazines from all over Europe.
One famous example he used to support his Pre-[[Neo-Darwinian Synthesis]] theory concerned the enormous antlers of the [[Irish Elk]]: he argued that these could not possibly be the result of [[natural selection]], and instead reflected one of his "unlocked genetic drives" towards ever increasing antler size. The poor elk, coping in each generation with ever bigger antlers were eventually driven extinct.


Amon Amarth has embarked on a North American headlining tour in October 2008, with support from [[Ensiferum]], [[Belphegor (band)|Belphegor]], and a [[melodic death metal]] band from [[Tampa]] named [[The Absence]].<ref>[http://www.metalstorm.ee/events/news_comments.php?news_id=6733 Amon Amarth - Tentative N. American Tour Routing: News @ metalstorm.ee]</ref>
This forms an example of [[orthogenesis]] that clearly distinguishes the concept of mysterious, non-Darwinian evolutionary driving forces from the concept of [[teleology]] (purpose of goal oriented evolution). Both ideas are rejected by modern science, but each contionues to resurface in one form or another as the years go by.
The band are also currently touring as support for the well known band Slayer throughout Europe in the Unholy alliance Chapter 3.


== Musical style and lyrical themes ==
== References ==
The four Swedish and one Finnish musician, who are known for their synchronised [[headbanging]] in music videos and at live performances, base most of their songs on [[Norse mythology]], the [[Viking Age]], and the pre-christian world. This mythology is an element that originally emerged as an ideological off-shoot of [[black metal]] known as [[Viking metal]] in the early 1990s, made popular by such bands as [[Bathory (band)|Bathory]] and [[Enslaved (band)|Enslaved]], although the band's sound is more in the vein of early [[Amorphis]] and mid-period [[Bolt Thrower]]. Lead singer Johan Hegg's sister sometimes contributes lyrics for the band. {{Fact|date=September 2008}}
* [http://www.yale.edu/peabody/archives/ypmbios/lull.html Yale History and Archives: Richard Swann Lull]


When commenting on the name of the band, vocalist Johan Hegg has remarked:{{cquotetxt|...it was Ted who found the name. Don't ask me how 'cause none of us were ever really ''[[The Lord of the Rings|Lord of the Ring]]'' fans, but it sounded cool and the meaning of it is killer! It's the name of "[[Mount Doom]]" in [[Sindarin]], whatever that is - ask a [[J. R. R. Tolkien|Tolkien]] fan. But I think it's cool and really symbolizes what Amon Amarth stands for.|[http://www.themetalweb.com/amonamarthinterview.html The Metal Web's interview with Johan Hegg]|color=gray|size=360%}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:Lull, R S}}
{{paleontologist-stub}}
{{US-biologist-stub}}
[[Category:American paleontologists]]


When asked to comment on the band's genre, vocalist Johan Hegg also remarked:{{cquotetxt|We play death metal. We write about vikings so, therefore, some refer us to viking metal, but I have no idea what that is. I can't imagine the viking’s {{sic}} veer into metal at all except on the swords and stuff. And musically, I guess they only played these strange lip instruments and some bongos or whatever.|[http://www.themetalweb.com/amonamarthinterview.html The Metal Web's interview with Johan Hegg]|color=gray|size=360%}}
[[pl:Richard Swann Lull]]

==Discography==
===Albums===
{| border="2" cellpadding="4" cellspacing="0" style="margin: 1em 1em 1em 0; background: #f9f9f9; border: 1px #aaa solid; border-collapse: collapse; font-size: 95%;"
|-
|'''Released'''
|'''Title'''
|'''Label'''
|-
|1991
|''Demo 1''
|Self-released as ''Scum''
|-
|1993
|''[[Thor Arise]]''
|Never released
|-
|1994
|''The Arrival of the Fimbul Winter''
|Self-released, see below
|-
|1996
|''[[Sorrow Throughout the Nine Worlds]]''
|Pulverised
|-
|1998
|''[[Once Sent from the Golden Hall]]''
|[[Metal Blade]]
|-
|1999
|''[[The Avenger (album)|The Avenger]]''
|Metal Blade
|-
|2001
|''[[The Crusher (album)|The Crusher]]''
|Metal Blade
|-
|2002
|''[[Versus the World (album)|Versus the World]]''
|Metal Blade
|-
|2004
|''[[Fate of Norns]]''
|Metal Blade
|-
|2006
|''[[With Oden on Our Side]]''
|Metal Blade
|-
|2008
|''[[Twilight of the Thunder God]]''
|Metal Blade
|-
|}

===''Thor Arise''===
'''''Thor Arise''''' is a [[Demo (music)|demo]] recorded in 1993. The album was never initially released due to its low production standards. The album features "Sabbath Bloody Sabbath" a [[cover song|cover]] of the [[Black Sabbath]] song. The song, "Thor Arise" was re-recorded as a bonus track on the [[digipak]] version of ''[[The Avenger (album)|The Avenger]]''. "Risen from the Sea" was re-recorded on ''[[The Crusher (album)|The Crusher]]''. The entire album was re-released with the "Viking Edition" of ''[[Versus the World (album)|Versus the World]]''.

====Track listing====

#"Risen from the Sea" − 5:43
#"Atrocious Humanity" − 5:54
#"Army of Darkness" − 5:26
#"Thor Arise" − 6:30
#"Sabbath Bloody Sabbath" − 4:22 ([[Black Sabbath]] cover)

====Credits====

* Nico Kaukinen − [[Drum kit|drums]]
* [[Olavi Mikkonen]] − [[Electric guitar|guitar]]
* [[Johan Hegg]] − [[Death growl|death vocals]]
* Anders Hansson − [[Electric guitar|guitar]]
* [[Ted Lundström]] − [[Bass guitar|bass]]

===''The Arrival of the Fimbul Winter''===
'''''The Arrival of the Fimbul Winter''''' is a [[Demo (music)|demo]] self-released in 1994. Its original release was limited and consisted of 1000 copies.<ref>{{cite web | last = | first =| authorlink =| coauthors = | title = Original release copies| work =| publisher = [[Encyclopaedia Metallum]] | date | url = http://www.metal-archives.com/release.php?id=633 | format = | doi = | accessdate = 2007-07-15}}</ref> The demo was released on three different colour tapes with different styles. The "labels" for the demo aren't professionally-made, and were created by the band for the release of the demo.

====Track listing====
# "Burning Creation" − 4:48
# "The Arrival of the Fimbul Winter" − 4:38
# "Without Fear" − 4:42

====Credits====
* Nico Mehra − [[Drum kit|drums]]
* [[Olavi Mikkonen]] − [[Electric guitar|guitars]]
* Johan Hegg − [[Death growl|vocals]]
* Anders Hannson − [[Electric guitar|guitars]]
* [[Ted Lundström]] − [[Bass guitar|bass]]

===Videography===
Aestheticom, a [[music video]] production company, was chosen to produce videos for "Runes to My Memory" and "Cry of the Black Birds", both directed by Bill Schacht.

{| border="2" cellpadding="4" cellspacing="0" style="margin: 1em 1em 1em 0; background: #f9f9f9; border: 1px #aaa solid; border-collapse: collapse; font-size: 95%;"
|-
|'''Released'''
|'''Title'''
|'''Producer'''
|-
|2003
|''Death in Fire''
|-
|2004
|''The Pursuit of Vikings''
|-
|2006
|''[[Wrath of the Norsemen]]''
|-
|2006
|''Runes to My Memory''
|-
|2007
|''Cry of the Black Birds''
|-
|2008
|''Twilight of the Thunder God''
|-
|}

==Members==
[[Image:Amon Amarth 2005.jpg|thumb|200px|Amon Amarth on Metalmania Festival 2005 in [[Poland]]]]

===Current members===
* Johan Hegg − vocals
* [[Johan Söderberg]] − guitars
* [[Olavi Mikkonen]] − guitars
* [[Ted Lundström]] − bass guitar
* Fredrik Andersson − drums

===Former Members===
'''As ''Amon Amarth'':'''
* Anders Hansson − guitars (''Thor Arise'' - ''Sorrow Throughout the Nine Worlds'' - ''Once Sent from the Golden Hall'')
* Nico Kaukinen − drums (''Thor Arise'' - ''Sorrow Throughout the Nine Worlds'')
* [[Martin Lopez]] − drums (''Once Sent From The Golden Hall'')
'''As ''Scum'':'''
* Paul "Themgoroth" Mäkitalo − vocals (left the band before the demo was released, when it was named ''Scum'')

==References==
{{reflist}}

==External links==
{{commons|Amon Amarth|Amon Amarth}}
* [http://www.amonamarth.com/ Official Website]
* {{MySpace|id=amonamarth|name=Amon Amarth}}
* {{last.fm|Amon+Amarth|Amon Amarth}}
* {{musicbrainz artist|id=5b687684-ad34-4a9f-b425-0e7aa81fbd38|name=Amon Amarth}}
* [http://underthevolcano.net/article.php?content=issue96/f_amonamarth.html Interview with Johan Hegg of Amon Amarth from Under the Volcano 96]
* [http://www.showmethesetlist.com/search2.php?artist=Amon_Amarth Online wiki for Amon Amarth concerts and setlists]
* [http://www.rockxpress.ro/galerii/tuska/amonamarth.html Amon Amarth live pictures]
* [http://www.hallofmetal.com/ver_entrevista.php?id=108&leng=en Amon Amarth`s Interview - HallOfMetal]
{{Amon Amarth}}

[[Category:Swedish death metal musical groups]]
[[Category:Swedish heavy metal musical groups]]
[[Category:Viking metal musical groups]]
[[Category:1990s music groups]]
[[Category:2000s music groups]]
[[Category:Amon Amarth (band)]]
[[Category:Musical groups established in 1992]]
[[Category:Melodic death metal musical groups]]

[[bg:Amon Amarth]]
[[ca:Amon Amarth (grup)]]
[[da:Amon Amarth]]
[[de:Amon Amarth]]
[[es:Amon Amarth (banda)]]
[[fr:Amon Amarth (groupe)]]
[[it:Amon Amarth]]
[[he:אמון אמארת' (להקה)]]
[[hu:Amon Amarth]]
[[nl:Amon Amarth]]
[[no:Amon Amarth]]
[[pl:Amon Amarth (grupa muzyczna)]]
[[pt:Amon Amarth (banda)]]
[[ru:Amon Amarth]]
[[sco:Amon Amarth]]
[[sk:Amon Amarth (skupina)]]
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[[tr:Amon Amarth]]

Revision as of 10:26, 12 October 2008

For the Middle-Earth location commonly known as "Mount Doom", see Orodruin.
Amon Amarth

Amon Amarth is a Viking-themed melodic death metal band from Tumba, Sweden founded in 1992.[1] It is named after Mount Doom; a location in J. R. R. Tolkien's Middle-earth. The name means "Mountain of Fate" in Sindarin, one of Tolkien's Elvish languages. Currently under Metal Blade Records, the group has released seven studio albums, one EP, one DVD and five music videos as of 2008.

History

Formed under the name Scum in 1988, the band was originally a grindcore group formed by Themgoroth (Dark Funeral), Olavi (guitar) and Ted (bass guitar). When Johan joined the band, it resulted in a musical change towards death metal. After a 1991 demo, they changed the band's name to Amon Amarth in 1992. After they became Amon Amarth, they released a demo recording, The Arrival of the Fimbul Winter, in 1994, selling all 1000 demo discs in less than 12 hours.[citation needed] This demo brought them to sign at Pulverised Records, on which they released in 1996 their first MCD Sorrow Throughout the Nine Worlds, from which they sold 6000 copies (spread throughout four different versions)[2]. This release brought them to sign with Metal Blade Records. With the release of the album Once Sent from the Golden Hall in 1998, their popularity rose internationally and since has meant multiple Canadian tours, US tours, festival appearances, five music videos, and appearances in over 100 metal magazines.[3] In early January 2008, their first tour of Australia and New Zealand took place, along with supporting Dimmu Borgir on tour in Europe. They finished a US and Canadian tour with Sonic Syndicate and Himsa beforehand. Decapitated was scheduled to appear on tour with Amon Amarth but cancelled when their drummer, Witold "Vitek" Kieltyka, passed away on November 2nd in a Russian hospital due to injuries he sustained from a recent road collision. The group has gradually gained further exposure including Richard Christy on The Howard Stern Show mentioning his attendance at one of their concerts.

The February 2008 edition of Terrorizer magazine confirmed that the band is working on a new album due for a late summer release.[4][citation needed] Amon Amarth also extended their record deal with Metal Blade Records for three more albums.[5]

The title of the new album by Amon Amarth is Twilight of the Thunder God, to be released on September 17, 2008 for Finland and Sweden. It will feature guest appearances by Lars Göran Petrov of Entombed, Roope Latvala of Children of Bodom, and the cello metal band Apocalyptica. Along with the release of the album will be an eight-page comic strip based on Norse mythology which will be released by magazines from all over Europe.

Amon Amarth has embarked on a North American headlining tour in October 2008, with support from Ensiferum, Belphegor, and a melodic death metal band from Tampa named The Absence.[6] The band are also currently touring as support for the well known band Slayer throughout Europe in the Unholy alliance Chapter 3.

Musical style and lyrical themes

The four Swedish and one Finnish musician, who are known for their synchronised headbanging in music videos and at live performances, base most of their songs on Norse mythology, the Viking Age, and the pre-christian world. This mythology is an element that originally emerged as an ideological off-shoot of black metal known as Viking metal in the early 1990s, made popular by such bands as Bathory and Enslaved, although the band's sound is more in the vein of early Amorphis and mid-period Bolt Thrower. Lead singer Johan Hegg's sister sometimes contributes lyrics for the band. [citation needed]

When commenting on the name of the band, vocalist Johan Hegg has remarked:

...it was Ted who found the name. Don't ask me how 'cause none of us were ever really Lord of the Ring fans, but it sounded cool and the meaning of it is killer! It's the name of "Mount Doom" in Sindarin, whatever that is - ask a Tolkien fan. But I think it's cool and really symbolizes what Amon Amarth stands for.

— The Metal Web's interview with Johan Hegg

When asked to comment on the band's genre, vocalist Johan Hegg also remarked:

We play death metal. We write about vikings so, therefore, some refer us to viking metal, but I have no idea what that is. I can't imagine the viking’s [sic] veer into metal at all except on the swords and stuff. And musically, I guess they only played these strange lip instruments and some bongos or whatever.

— The Metal Web's interview with Johan Hegg

Discography

Albums

Released Title Label
1991 Demo 1 Self-released as Scum
1993 Thor Arise Never released
1994 The Arrival of the Fimbul Winter Self-released, see below
1996 Sorrow Throughout the Nine Worlds Pulverised
1998 Once Sent from the Golden Hall Metal Blade
1999 The Avenger Metal Blade
2001 The Crusher Metal Blade
2002 Versus the World Metal Blade
2004 Fate of Norns Metal Blade
2006 With Oden on Our Side Metal Blade
2008 Twilight of the Thunder God Metal Blade

Thor Arise

Thor Arise is a demo recorded in 1993. The album was never initially released due to its low production standards. The album features "Sabbath Bloody Sabbath" a cover of the Black Sabbath song. The song, "Thor Arise" was re-recorded as a bonus track on the digipak version of The Avenger. "Risen from the Sea" was re-recorded on The Crusher. The entire album was re-released with the "Viking Edition" of Versus the World.

Track listing

  1. "Risen from the Sea" − 5:43
  2. "Atrocious Humanity" − 5:54
  3. "Army of Darkness" − 5:26
  4. "Thor Arise" − 6:30
  5. "Sabbath Bloody Sabbath" − 4:22 (Black Sabbath cover)

Credits

The Arrival of the Fimbul Winter

The Arrival of the Fimbul Winter is a demo self-released in 1994. Its original release was limited and consisted of 1000 copies.[7] The demo was released on three different colour tapes with different styles. The "labels" for the demo aren't professionally-made, and were created by the band for the release of the demo.

Track listing

  1. "Burning Creation" − 4:48
  2. "The Arrival of the Fimbul Winter" − 4:38
  3. "Without Fear" − 4:42

Credits

Videography

Aestheticom, a music video production company, was chosen to produce videos for "Runes to My Memory" and "Cry of the Black Birds", both directed by Bill Schacht.

Released Title Producer
2003 Death in Fire
2004 The Pursuit of Vikings
2006 Wrath of the Norsemen
2006 Runes to My Memory
2007 Cry of the Black Birds
2008 Twilight of the Thunder God

Members

Amon Amarth on Metalmania Festival 2005 in Poland

Current members

Former Members

As Amon Amarth:

  • Anders Hansson − guitars (Thor Arise - Sorrow Throughout the Nine Worlds - Once Sent from the Golden Hall)
  • Nico Kaukinen − drums (Thor Arise - Sorrow Throughout the Nine Worlds)
  • Martin Lopez − drums (Once Sent From The Golden Hall)

As Scum:

  • Paul "Themgoroth" Mäkitalo − vocals (left the band before the demo was released, when it was named Scum)

References

  1. ^ "Biography at amonamarth.com". Retrieved 2007-02-27.
  2. ^ "Amon Amarth Biography". Retrieved 2007-11-14.
  3. ^ "Amon Amarth Biography". Retrieved 2007-11-14.
  4. ^ [1]
  5. ^ Amon Amarth Extend Deal With Metal Blade Records Feb 10. 2008
  6. ^ Amon Amarth - Tentative N. American Tour Routing: News @ metalstorm.ee
  7. ^ "Original release copies". Encyclopaedia Metallum. Retrieved 2007-07-15. {{cite web}}: Cite has empty unknown parameter: |coauthors= (help); Text "date" ignored (help)

External links

Wikimedia Commons has media related to Amon Amarth.
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