Eucnemidae: Difference between revisions

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{{shortShort description|Family of beetles}}
{{Automatic taxobox
| fossil_range = {{fossilFossil range|Tithonian|Recent}}
| image = Dirrhagofarsus lewisi (10.3897-zookeys.781.22335) Figure 1 (cropped).jpg
| image_caption = ''[[Dirrhagofarsus]] lewisi''
| image_upright =
| display_parents = 3
| image_caption = ''[[Dirrhagofarsus]] lewisi''
| taxon = Eucnemidae
| display_parents = 3
| authority = [[Johann Friedrich von Eschscholtz|Eschscholtz]], 1829
| taxon = Eucnemidae
| authority = [[Johann Friedrich von Eschscholtz|Eschscholtz]], 1829
| subdivision_ranks = Genera
| subdivision = <div style="text-align:center">''See text''</div>
| synonyms =
* ''Phylloceridae'' <small>Reitter, 1905</small>
* ''Melasidae'' <small>Leach, 1817</small>
* ''Perothopidae'' <small>Lacordaire, 1857</small>
}}
 
'''Eucnemidae''', or '''false click beetles''', are a [[family (biology)|family]] of [[Elateroidea|elateroid]] [[beetle]]s including about 1700 species distributed worldwide.
 
== Description ==
Closely related to the family [[Elateridae]], specimens of Eucnemidae can reach a length of {{convert|2|-|30|mm|abbr=on}}. Bodies are slightly flattened and convex. The upper surfaces of the body usually has hairs, setae or scales.
 
==Biology Ecology ==
The larvae are typically legless, and generally develop feeding on the fluids of rotting wood, likely vomiting digestive enzymes into the wood to break apart the fungal hypae{{typo help inline|reason=similar to hypate|date=November 2022}}hyphae, moving using their shovel shaped heads to force apart the wood. Adults, which are typically found on broken surfaces of trunks and stumps, have a short lifespan and it is unclear whether they feed, though they are capable fliers, and like some other elateroids are capable of clicking.<ref>Muona, Jyrki. "4.5. ''Eucnemidae Eschscholtz'', 1829". ''Volume 2 Morphology and Systematics (Elateroidea, Bostrichiformia, Cucujiformia partim)'', edited by Willy Kükenthal, Richard A.B. Leschen, Rolf G. Beutel and John F. Lawrence, Berlin, New York: De Gruyter, 2011, pp. 61-6961–69</ref>
 
==Subfamilies Taxonomy ==
=== Subfamilies ===
* [[Anischiinae]] <small>Fleutiaux, 1936</small>
* [[Eucneminae]] <small>Eschscholtz, 1829</small>
Line 29 ⟶ 30:
* [[Melasinae]] <small>Leach, 1817</small>
* [[Palaeoxeninae]] <small>Muona, 1993</small>
* [[Perothopinae]] <small>Lacordaire, 1857</small> - perothopid beetles
* [[Phlegoninae]] <small>Muona, 1993</small>
* [[Phyllocerinae]] <small>Reitter, 1905</small>
* [[Pseudomeninae]] <small>Muona, 1993</small>
 
=== Fossil genera ===
* †''[[Beattieellus]]'' <small>Oberprieler et al. 2016</small> [[Talbragar fossil site|Talbragar Fossil Bed]], Australia, Late Jurassic ([[Tithonian]])
* †''[[Cenomana]]'' <small>Otto, 2019</small> [[Burmese amber]], Myanmar, Late Cretaceous ([[Cenomanian]])
* †''[[Lissantauga]]'' <small>Poinar 2013</small> [[Dominican amber]], [[Miocene]]
* †''[[Muonabuntor]]'' <small>Li, Tihelka & Cai, 2020</small><ref>{{Cite journal|last1=Li|first1=Yan-Da|last2=Tihelka|first2=Erik|last3=Liu|first3=Zhen-Hua|last4=Huang|first4=Diying|last5=Cai|first5=Chen-Yang|date=2020-08-31|title=''Muonabuntor gen. nov.'', a new genus of false click beetles from mid-Cretaceous Burmese amber (Coleoptera: Elateroidea: Eucnemidae)|url=https://www.researchgate.net/publication/343987459|journal=Palaeoentomology|volume=3|issue=4|pages=399–406|doi=10.11646/palaeoentomology.3.4.12|issn=2624-2834}}</ref> Burmese amber, Myanmar, Cenomanian
 
== References ==
* †''[[Beattieellus]]'' <small>Oberprieler et al. 2016</small> [[Talbragar fossil site|Talbragar Fossil Bed]], Australia, Late Jurassic ([[Tithonian]])
{{Commons category}}
* †''[[Cenomana]]'' <small>Otto, 2019</small> [[Burmese amber]], Myanmar, Late Cretaceous ([[Cenomanian]])
{{Wikispecies}}
* †''[[Lissantauga]]'' <small>Poinar 2013</small> [[Dominican amber]], [[Miocene]]
* †''[[Muonabuntor]]'' <small>Li, Tihelka & Cai, 2020</small><ref>{{Cite journal|last1=Li|first1=Yan-Da|last2=Tihelka|first2=Erik|last3=Liu|first3=Zhen-Hua|last4=Huang|first4=Diying|last5=Cai|first5=Chen-Yang|date=2020-08-31|title=Muonabuntor gen. nov., a new genus of false click beetles from mid-Cretaceous Burmese amber (Coleoptera: Elateroidea: Eucnemidae)|url=https://www.researchgate.net/publication/343987459|journal=Palaeoentomology|volume=3|issue=4|pages=399–406|doi=10.11646/palaeoentomology.3.4.12|issn=2624-2834}}</ref> Burmese amber, Myanmar, Cenomanian
 
==References==
{{Reflist}}
{{Wikispecies}}
{{Commons}}
* [https://www.biolib.cz/en/taxon/id9507/ Biolib]
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20160304190546/http://pick4.pick.uga.edu/mp/20q?search=Eucnemidae Discover Life]
* J. F. Lawrence, A. M. Hastings, M. J. Dallwitz, T. A. Paine and E. J. Zurcher [http://delta-intkey.com/elateria/www/eucn.htm Elateriformia (Coleoptera)] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120609182557/http://delta-intkey.com/elateria/www/eucn.htm |date=2012-06-09 }}
* [http://insects.tamu.edu/research/collection/hallan/test/Arthropoda/Insects/Coleoptera/Family/Eucnemidae.txt SYNOPSIS"Synopsis OFof THEthe DESCRIBEDDescribed COLEOPTERAColeoptera OFof THEthe WORLDWorld"]
* Muona, J. 1993. Review of the phylogeny, classification and biology of the family Eucnemidae (Coleoptera). Entomologica Scandinavica, Supplement No. 44, 133 pp.
 
{{Coleoptera|4}}
{{Taxonbar|from=Q502017}}
{{Authority control}}
 
[[Category:Elateroidea]]
[[Category:BeetlePolyphaga families]]
[[Category:Beetles described in 1829]]
[[Category:Taxa named by Johann Friedrich von Eschscholtz]]

Latest revision as of 01:17, 11 April 2024

Eucnemidae
Temporal range: Tithonian–Recent
Dirrhagofarsus lewisi
Scientific classification Edit this classification
Domain: Eukaryota
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Arthropoda
Class: Insecta
Order: Coleoptera
Suborder: Polyphaga
Infraorder: Elateriformia
Superfamily: Elateroidea
Family: Eucnemidae
Eschscholtz, 1829
Genera
See text
Synonyms
  • Phylloceridae Reitter, 1905
  • Melasidae Leach, 1817
  • Perothopidae Lacordaire, 1857

Eucnemidae, or false click beetles, are a family of elateroid beetles including about 1700 species distributed worldwide.

Description[edit]

Closely related to the family Elateridae, specimens of Eucnemidae can reach a length of 2–30 mm (0.079–1.181 in). Bodies are slightly flattened and convex. The upper surfaces of the body usually has hairs, setae or scales.

Ecology[edit]

The larvae are typically legless, and generally develop feeding on the fluids of rotting wood, likely vomiting digestive enzymes into the wood to break apart the fungal hyphae, moving using their shovel shaped heads to force apart the wood. Adults, which are typically found on broken surfaces of trunks and stumps, have a short lifespan and it is unclear whether they feed, though they are capable fliers, and like some other elateroids are capable of clicking.[1]

Taxonomy[edit]

Subfamilies[edit]

Fossil genera[edit]

References[edit]

  1. ^ Muona, Jyrki. "4.5. Eucnemidae Eschscholtz, 1829". Volume 2 Morphology and Systematics (Elateroidea, Bostrichiformia, Cucujiformia partim), edited by Willy Kükenthal, Richard A.B. Leschen, Rolf G. Beutel and John F. Lawrence, Berlin, New York: De Gruyter, 2011, pp. 61–69
  2. ^ Li, Yan-Da; Tihelka, Erik; Liu, Zhen-Hua; Huang, Diying; Cai, Chen-Yang (2020-08-31). "Muonabuntor gen. nov., a new genus of false click beetles from mid-Cretaceous Burmese amber (Coleoptera: Elateroidea: Eucnemidae)". Palaeoentomology. 3 (4): 399–406. doi:10.11646/palaeoentomology.3.4.12. ISSN 2624-2834.