Eucnemidae: Difference between revisions
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{{Short description|Family of beetles}} |
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{{Automatic taxobox |
{{Automatic taxobox |
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| fossil_range = {{ |
| fossil_range = {{Fossil range|Tithonian|Recent}} |
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| image = Dirrhagofarsus lewisi (10.3897-zookeys.781.22335) Figure 1 (cropped).jpg |
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| image = Eucnemidae - Euryostus reichei.JPG |
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| image_caption = ''[[ |
| image_caption = ''[[Dirrhagofarsus]] lewisi'' |
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| display_parents = 3 |
| display_parents = 3 |
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| taxon = Eucnemidae |
| taxon = Eucnemidae |
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| authority = [[Johann Friedrich von Eschscholtz|Eschscholtz]], 1829 |
| authority = [[Johann Friedrich von Eschscholtz|Eschscholtz]], 1829 |
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| subdivision_ranks = Genera |
| subdivision_ranks = Genera |
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| subdivision = |
| subdivision = <div style="text-align:center">''See text''</div> |
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| synonyms = * ''Phylloceridae'' Reitter, 1905 |
| synonyms = |
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* ''Phylloceridae'' <small>Reitter, 1905</small> |
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* ''Melasidae'' Leach, 1817 |
* ''Melasidae'' <small>Leach, 1817</small> |
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* ''Perothopidae'' Lacordaire, 1857 |
* ''Perothopidae'' <small>Lacordaire, 1857</small> |
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}} |
}} |
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'''Eucnemidae''', or '''false click beetles''', are a [[family (biology)|family]] of [[Elateroidea|elateroid]] [[beetle]]s including about 1700 species distributed worldwide. |
'''Eucnemidae''', or '''false click beetles''', are a [[family (biology)|family]] of [[Elateroidea|elateroid]] [[beetle]]s including about 1700 species distributed worldwide. |
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==Description== |
== Description == |
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Closely related to the family [[Elateridae]], specimens of Eucnemidae can reach a length of {{convert|2|-|30|mm|abbr=on}}. Bodies are slightly flattened and convex. The upper surfaces of the body usually has hairs, setae or scales. |
Closely related to the family [[Elateridae]], specimens of Eucnemidae can reach a length of {{convert|2|-|30|mm|abbr=on}}. Bodies are slightly flattened and convex. The upper surfaces of the body usually has hairs, setae or scales. |
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== |
== Ecology == |
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The larvae are typically |
The larvae are typically legless, and generally develop feeding on the fluids of rotting wood, likely vomiting digestive enzymes into the wood to break apart the fungal hyphae, moving using their shovel shaped heads to force apart the wood. Adults, which are typically found on broken surfaces of trunks and stumps, have a short lifespan and it is unclear whether they feed, though they are capable fliers, and like some other elateroids are capable of clicking.<ref>Muona, Jyrki. "4.5. ''Eucnemidae Eschscholtz'', 1829". ''Volume 2 Morphology and Systematics (Elateroidea, Bostrichiformia, Cucujiformia partim)'', edited by Willy Kükenthal, Richard A.B. Leschen, Rolf G. Beutel and John F. Lawrence, Berlin, New York: De Gruyter, 2011, pp. 61–69</ref> |
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== |
== Taxonomy == |
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=== Subfamilies === |
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* [[Anischiinae]] <small>Fleutiaux, 1936</small> |
* [[Anischiinae]] <small>Fleutiaux, 1936</small> |
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* [[Eucneminae]] <small>Eschscholtz, 1829</small> |
* [[Eucneminae]] <small>Eschscholtz, 1829</small> |
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* [[Melasinae]] <small>Leach, 1817</small> |
* [[Melasinae]] <small>Leach, 1817</small> |
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* [[Palaeoxeninae]] <small>Muona, 1993</small> |
* [[Palaeoxeninae]] <small>Muona, 1993</small> |
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* [[Perothopinae]] <small>Lacordaire, 1857</small> |
* [[Perothopinae]] <small>Lacordaire, 1857</small> – perothopid beetles |
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* [[Phlegoninae]] <small>Muona, 1993</small> |
* [[Phlegoninae]] <small>Muona, 1993</small> |
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* [[Phyllocerinae]] <small>Reitter, 1905</small> |
* [[Phyllocerinae]] <small>Reitter, 1905</small> |
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* [[Pseudomeninae]] <small>Muona, 1993</small> |
* [[Pseudomeninae]] <small>Muona, 1993</small> |
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== Fossil genera == |
=== Fossil genera === |
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⚫ | * †''[[Muonabuntor]]'' <small>Li, Tihelka & Cai, 2020</small><ref>{{Cite journal|last1=Li|first1=Yan-Da|last2=Tihelka|first2=Erik|last3=Liu|first3=Zhen-Hua|last4=Huang|first4=Diying|last5=Cai|first5=Chen-Yang|date=2020-08-31|title=''Muonabuntor gen. nov.'', a new genus of false click beetles from mid-Cretaceous Burmese amber (Coleoptera: Elateroidea: Eucnemidae)|url=https://www.researchgate.net/publication/343987459|journal=Palaeoentomology|volume=3|issue=4|pages=399–406|doi=10.11646/palaeoentomology.3.4.12|issn=2624-2834}}</ref> – Burmese amber, Myanmar, Cenomanian |
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⚫ | * †''[[Muonabuntor]]'' Li, Tihelka & Cai, 2020<ref>{{Cite journal|last1=Li|first1=Yan-Da|last2=Tihelka|first2=Erik|last3=Liu|first3=Zhen-Hua|last4=Huang|first4=Diying|last5=Cai|first5=Chen-Yang|date=2020-08-31|title=Muonabuntor gen. nov., a new genus of false click beetles from mid-Cretaceous Burmese amber (Coleoptera: Elateroidea: Eucnemidae)|url=https://www.researchgate.net/publication/343987459|journal=Palaeoentomology|volume=3|issue=4|pages=399–406|doi=10.11646/palaeoentomology.3.4.12|issn=2624-2834}}</ref> Burmese amber, Myanmar, Cenomanian |
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{{Reflist}} |
{{Reflist}} |
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* [https://www.biolib.cz/en/taxon/id9507/ Biolib] |
* [https://www.biolib.cz/en/taxon/id9507/ Biolib] |
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* [https://web.archive.org/web/20160304190546/http://pick4.pick.uga.edu/mp/20q?search=Eucnemidae Discover Life] |
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20160304190546/http://pick4.pick.uga.edu/mp/20q?search=Eucnemidae Discover Life] |
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* J. F. Lawrence, A. M. Hastings, M. J. Dallwitz, T. A. Paine and E. J. Zurcher [http://delta-intkey.com/elateria/www/eucn.htm Elateriformia (Coleoptera)] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120609182557/http://delta-intkey.com/elateria/www/eucn.htm |date=2012-06-09 }} |
* J. F. Lawrence, A. M. Hastings, M. J. Dallwitz, T. A. Paine and E. J. Zurcher [http://delta-intkey.com/elateria/www/eucn.htm Elateriformia (Coleoptera)] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120609182557/http://delta-intkey.com/elateria/www/eucn.htm |date=2012-06-09 }} |
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* [http://insects.tamu.edu/research/collection/hallan/test/Arthropoda/Insects/Coleoptera/Family/Eucnemidae.txt |
* [http://insects.tamu.edu/research/collection/hallan/test/Arthropoda/Insects/Coleoptera/Family/Eucnemidae.txt "Synopsis of the Described Coleoptera of the World"] |
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* Muona, J. 1993. Review of the phylogeny, classification and biology of the family Eucnemidae (Coleoptera). Entomologica Scandinavica, Supplement No. 44, 133 pp. |
* Muona, J. 1993. Review of the phylogeny, classification and biology of the family Eucnemidae (Coleoptera). Entomologica Scandinavica, Supplement No. 44, 133 pp. |
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{{Coleoptera|4}} |
{{Coleoptera|4}} |
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{{Taxonbar|from=Q502017}} |
{{Taxonbar|from=Q502017}} |
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{{Authority control}} |
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[[Category:Elateroidea]] |
[[Category:Elateroidea]] |
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[[Category: |
[[Category:Polyphaga families]] |
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[[Category:Beetles described in 1829]] |
[[Category:Beetles described in 1829]] |
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[[Category:Taxa named by Johann Friedrich von Eschscholtz]] |
[[Category:Taxa named by Johann Friedrich von Eschscholtz]] |
Latest revision as of 01:17, 11 April 2024
Eucnemidae Temporal range:
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Dirrhagofarsus lewisi | |
Scientific classification | |
Domain: | Eukaryota |
Kingdom: | Animalia |
Phylum: | Arthropoda |
Class: | Insecta |
Order: | Coleoptera |
Suborder: | Polyphaga |
Infraorder: | Elateriformia |
Superfamily: | Elateroidea |
Family: | Eucnemidae Eschscholtz, 1829 |
Genera | |
See text
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Synonyms | |
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Eucnemidae, or false click beetles, are a family of elateroid beetles including about 1700 species distributed worldwide.
Description[edit]
Closely related to the family Elateridae, specimens of Eucnemidae can reach a length of 2–30 mm (0.079–1.181 in). Bodies are slightly flattened and convex. The upper surfaces of the body usually has hairs, setae or scales.
Ecology[edit]
The larvae are typically legless, and generally develop feeding on the fluids of rotting wood, likely vomiting digestive enzymes into the wood to break apart the fungal hyphae, moving using their shovel shaped heads to force apart the wood. Adults, which are typically found on broken surfaces of trunks and stumps, have a short lifespan and it is unclear whether they feed, though they are capable fliers, and like some other elateroids are capable of clicking.[1]
Taxonomy[edit]
Subfamilies[edit]
- Anischiinae Fleutiaux, 1936
- Eucneminae Eschscholtz, 1829
- Macraulacinae Fleutiaux, 1922
- Melasinae Leach, 1817
- Palaeoxeninae Muona, 1993
- Perothopinae Lacordaire, 1857 – perothopid beetles
- Phlegoninae Muona, 1993
- Phyllocerinae Reitter, 1905
- Pseudomeninae Muona, 1993
Fossil genera[edit]
- †Beattieellus Oberprieler et al. 2016 – Talbragar Fossil Bed, Australia, Late Jurassic (Tithonian)
- †Cenomana Otto, 2019 – Burmese amber, Myanmar, Late Cretaceous (Cenomanian)
- †Lissantauga Poinar 2013 – Dominican amber, Miocene
- †Muonabuntor Li, Tihelka & Cai, 2020[2] – Burmese amber, Myanmar, Cenomanian
References[edit]
- ^ Muona, Jyrki. "4.5. Eucnemidae Eschscholtz, 1829". Volume 2 Morphology and Systematics (Elateroidea, Bostrichiformia, Cucujiformia partim), edited by Willy Kükenthal, Richard A.B. Leschen, Rolf G. Beutel and John F. Lawrence, Berlin, New York: De Gruyter, 2011, pp. 61–69
- ^ Li, Yan-Da; Tihelka, Erik; Liu, Zhen-Hua; Huang, Diying; Cai, Chen-Yang (2020-08-31). "Muonabuntor gen. nov., a new genus of false click beetles from mid-Cretaceous Burmese amber (Coleoptera: Elateroidea: Eucnemidae)". Palaeoentomology. 3 (4): 399–406. doi:10.11646/palaeoentomology.3.4.12. ISSN 2624-2834.
- Biolib
- Discover Life
- J. F. Lawrence, A. M. Hastings, M. J. Dallwitz, T. A. Paine and E. J. Zurcher Elateriformia (Coleoptera) Archived 2012-06-09 at the Wayback Machine
- "Synopsis of the Described Coleoptera of the World"
- Muona, J. 1993. Review of the phylogeny, classification and biology of the family Eucnemidae (Coleoptera). Entomologica Scandinavica, Supplement No. 44, 133 pp.