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{{Short description|Genus of flowering plants}}
{{Taxobox
{{Automatic taxobox
⚫
| name = ''Flaveria''
|name = Yellowtops
| image = Flaveria trinervia.jpg
|image = Starr 070123-3596 Flaveria trinervia.jpg
| image_width = 230px
| image_caption = ''[[Flaveria trinervia]]''
|image_caption = ''[[Flaveria trinervia]]''
|display_parents = 3
| regnum = [[Plant]]ae
⚫
|taxon = Flaveria
| divisio = [[Flowering plant|Magnoliophyta]]
|authority = [[Antoine Laurent de Jussieu|Juss.]] 1789 not [[J.F.Gmel.]] 1792<ref>[http://www.tropicos.org/NameSearch.aspx?name=Flaveria&commonname= Tropicos search for ''Flaveria'']</ref>
| classis = [[Magnoliopsida]]
|synonyms_ref = <ref name=c/>
| ordo = [[Asterales]]
|synonyms =
| familia = [[Asteraceae]]
* ''Dilepis'' <small>Suess. & Merxm.</small>
| genus = '''''Flaveria'''''
* ''Vermifuga'' <small>Ruiz & Pav.</small>
| genus_authority = [[Antoine Laurent de Jussieu|Juss.]]
* ''Nauenburgia'' <small>Willd.</small>
| subdivision_ranks = Species
* ''Brotera'' <small>Spreng. 1801 illegitimate homonym not Cav. 1799 ([[Malvaceae]])</small>
| subdivision =
About 21; See text.
}}
}}
'''''Flaveria''''' is a genus of plants in the [[Asteraceae|sunflower family]]. They are sometimes called '''yellowtops'''. Some are annual or perennial herbs and some are shrubs. They bear yellow flowers. These plants are found in the Americas, Asia, Africa, and Australia. Some members of this genus exhibit [[C3 carbon fixation]], while others are [[C4 carbon fixation|C4 plants]] and some are intermediate. With closely related species exhibiting different forms of metabolism, this genus has been included in studies on the evolution of photosynthesis. A monograph published by A. M. Powell in 1978 (Systematics of Flaveria (Flaveriinae-Asteraceae) in Annals of the Missouri Botanical Garden) is the most comprehensive study of morphology and biogeography for the Flaveria species to date. A recent phylogenetic study published by A. McKown et al. in 2005 (Phylogeny of Flaveria (Asteraceae) and inference of C4 photosynthesis evolution in American Journal of Botany) clarifies many of the evolutionary relationships between Flaveria species.


'''''Flaveria''''' is a genus of plants in the family [[Asteraceae]].<ref>[https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/5437418#page/281/mode/1up Jussieu, Antoine Laurent de. 1789. Genera Plantarum 186–187] in Latin</ref><ref>[http://www.tropicos.org/Name/40009769 Tropicos, ''Flaveria'' Juss.]</ref> They are sometimes called '''yellowtops'''. Some are annual or perennial herbs and some are shrubs. They bear yellow flowers in [[Pseudanthium|heads]], with zero, one, or two [[Asteraceae#Flowers|ray florets]] in each head.<ref name=FNA/> These plants are found in the [[Americas]], [[Asia]], [[Africa]], and Australia.<ref name=FNA>[http://www.efloras.org/florataxon.aspx?flora_id=1&taxon_id=112857 Floira of North America Vol. 21 Page 247 ''Flaveria'' Jussieu]</ref><ref>[http://www.efloras.org/florataxon.aspx?flora_id=2&taxon_id=112857 Flora of China Vol. 20-21 Page 855 <big>黄顶菊属</big> huang ding ju shu ''Flaveria'' Jussieu, Gen. Pl. 186. 1789. ]</ref>
Selected species:


While some members of this genus use the more common [[C3 carbon fixation|{{C3}} carbon fixation]] pathway, others are [[C4 carbon fixation|{{C4}} plants]], and some are intermediate. With closely related species exhibiting different forms of metabolism, ''Flaveria'' has been a [[model organism|model genus]] for studies on the evolution of photosynthesis.<ref name="McKownMoncalvo2005">{{cite journal |last1=McKown |first1=A.D. |last2=Moncalvo |first2=J.-M. |last3=Dengler |first3=N.G. |title=Phylogeny of ''Flaveria'' (Asteraceae) and inference of {{C4}} photosynthesis evolution |journal=American Journal of Botany |volume=92 |issue=11 |year=2005 |pages=1911–1928 |issn=0002-9122 |doi=10.3732/ajb.92.11.1911|pmid=21646108 |doi-access=free }} {{open access}}</ref><ref name="Mallmann2014">{{cite journal | last1=Mallmann | first1=Julia | last2=Heckmann | first2=David | last3=Bräutigam | first3=Andrea | last4=Lercher | first4=Martin J | last5=Weber | first5=Andreas PM | last6=Westhoff | first6=Peter | last7=Gowik | first7=Udo | title=The role of photorespiration during the evolution of {{C4}} photosynthesis in the genus ''Flaveria'' | journal=eLife | volume=3 | year=2014 | pages=e02478 | doi=10.7554/elife.02478 | pmid=24935935 | pmc=4103682 | doi-access=free }} {{open access}}</ref><ref name="LyuGowik2015">{{cite journal |last1=Lyu |first1=M.-J.A. |last2=Gowik |first2=U. |last3=Kelly |first3=S. |last4=Covshoff |first4=S. |last5=Mallmann |first5=J. |last6=Westhoff |first6=P. |last7=Hibberd |first7=J.M. |last8=Stata |first8=M. |last9=Sage |first9=R.F. |last10=Lu |first10=H. |last11=Wei |first11=X. |last12=Wong |first12=G.K.-S. |last13=Zhu |first13=X.-G. |display-authors=3 |title=RNA-Seq based phylogeny recapitulates previous phylogeny of the genus ''Flaveria'' (Asteraceae) with some modifications |journal=BMC Evolutionary Biology |volume=15 |issue=1 |pages=116 |year=2015 |issn=1471-2148 |doi=10.1186/s12862-015-0399-9|pmid=26084484 |pmc=4472175 |doi-access=free }} {{open access}}</ref> A monograph by A.M. Powell from 1978<ref>A.M. Powell. 1978. Systematics of ''Flaveria'' (Flaveriinae-Asteraceae. Annals of the Missouri Botanical Garden 65: 590–636</ref> is the most comprehensive study of morphology and biogeography for the ''Flaveria'' species to date. [[Molecular phylogenetic]] studies have clarified many of the evolutionary relationships between ''Flaveria'' species.<ref name="McKownMoncalvo2005"/><ref name="LyuGowik2015"/>
⚫
*''[[Flaveria australasica]]'' - speedyweed
*''[[Flaveria bidentis]]'' - coastal plain yellowtops
⚫
*''[[Flaveria brownii]]'' - Brown's yellowtops
*''[[Flaveria campestris]]'' - alkali yellowtops
*''[[Flaveria chloraefolia]]'' - clasping yellowtops
⚫
*''[[Flaveria floridana]]'' - Florida yellowtops
⚫
*''[[Flaveria linearis]]'' - narrowleaf yellowtops
*''[[Flaveria macdougalii]]'' - Mcdougall's yellowtops *this is currently not considered a Flaveria species (see McKown et al. 2005)
*''[[Flaveria pringlei]]''
*''[[Flaveria sonorensis]]''
*''[[Flaveria trinervia]]'' - clustered yellowtops


; Species<ref name=c>[https://archive.today/20141126141721/http://dixon.iplantcollaborative.org/CompositaeWeb/default.aspx?Page=NameDetails&TabNum=0&NameId=48a97d36-d6a5-4883-8ab6-de776cc451e7 Flann, C (ed) 2009+ Global Compositae Checklist ]</ref><ref>[http://bonap.net/NAPA/TaxonMaps/Genus/County/Flaveria Biota of North America Program 2013 county distribution maps]</ref><ref>[http://www.theplantlist.org/tpl1.1/search?q=Flaveria The Plant List search for ''Flaveria'']</ref>
⚫
==External links==
* ''[[Flaveria angustifolia]]'' - Mexico ([[Oaxaca]], [[Puebla]], [[Guerrero]]); {{C3}}–{{C4}} intermediate<ref name="LyuGowik2015"/>
⚫
*[http://ucjeps.berkeley.edu/cgi-bin/get_JM_treatment.pl?609,1224 Jepson Manual Treatment]
* ''[[Flaveria anomala]]'' - Mexico ([[San Luis Potosí]], [[Nuevo León]], [[Durango]], [[Zacatecas]])
⚫
*[http://plants.usda.gov/java/profile?symbol=FLAVE USDA Plants Profile]
⚫
* ''[[Flaveria australasica]]'' - speedyweed - Australia; {{C4}}<ref name="LyuGowik2015"/>
*[http://www.efloras.org/florataxon.aspx?flora_id=1&taxon_id=112857 Flora of North America Genus Profile]
* ''[[Flaveria bidentis]]'' - coastal plain yellowtops - [[South America]], [[Galápagos]], [[West Indies]], United States ([[Florida]] [[Georgia (U.S. state)|Georgia]] [[Alabama]]); {{C4}}<ref name="LyuGowik2015"/>
⚫
* ''[[Flaveria brownii]]'' - Brown's yellowtops - southern [[Texas]]; {{C4}}-like<ref name="LyuGowik2015"/>
* ''[[Flaveria campestris]]'' - alkali yellowtops - USA ([[Arizona]] [[New Mexico]] [[Texas]] [[Utah]] [[Colorado]] [[Kansas]] [[Missouri]] [[Indiana]])
* ''[[Flaveria chlorifolia]]'' - clasping yellowtops - Mexico ([[Chihuahua (state)|Chihuahua]]), [[New Mexico]] [[Texas]]; {{C3}}–{{C4}} intermediate<ref name="LyuGowik2015"/>
* ''[[Flaveria cronquistii]]'' - Mexico ([[Oaxaca]], [[Puebla]])
⚫
* ''[[Flaveria floridana]]'' - Florida yellowtops - [[Florida]]; {{C3}}–{{C4}} intermediate<ref name="LyuGowik2015"/>
* ''[[Flaveria haumanii]]'' - [[Chile]], [[Argentina]]
* ''[[Flaveria intermedia]]'' - Mexico ([[Durango]])
* ''[[Flaveria kochiana]]'' - Mexico ([[Oaxaca]]); {{C4}}<ref name="LyuGowik2015"/>
⚫
* ''[[Flaveria linearis]]'' - narrowleaf yellowtops - [[Cuba]], [[Bahamas]], [[Florida]], [[Yucatán Peninsula]]
* ''[[Flaveria maritima]]'' <small>Kunth</small>
* ''[[Flaveria mcdougallii]]'' <small>Theroux, Pinkava & D.J.Keil</small>
* ''[[Flaveria oppositifolia]]'' - Mexico ([[Chihuahua (state)|Chihuahua]], [[Coahuila]], [[Hidalgo (state)|Hidalgo]], [[Nuevo León]], [[San Luis Potosí]]), [[Texas]]
* ''[[Flaveria palmeri]]'' - Mexico ([[Coahuila]]); {{C4}}-like<ref name="LyuGowik2015"/>
* ''[[Flaveria pringlei]]'' - Mexico ([[Puebla]], [[Oaxaca]], [[Guerrero]])
* ''[[Flaveria pubescens]]'' - Mexico ([[San Luis Potosí]], [[Tamaulipas]]); {{C3}}–{{C4}} intermediate<ref name="LyuGowik2015"/>
* ''[[Flaveria ramosissima]]'' - Mexico ([[Puebla]], [[Oaxaca]]); {{C3}}–{{C4}} intermediate<ref name="LyuGowik2015"/>
* ''[[Flaveria robusta]]'' - Mexico ([[Colima]])
* ''[[Flaveria sonorensis]]'' - Mexico ([[Chihuahua (state)|Chihuahua]], [[Sonora]]); {{C3}}–{{C4}} intermediate<ref name="LyuGowik2015"/>
* ''[[Flaveria trinervia]]'' - clustered yellowtops - Mexico, [[Belize]], [[South America]], [[West Indies]], [[California]] [[Arizona]] [[New Mexico]] [[Texas]] [[Missouri]] [[Florida]] [[South Carolina]] [[Virginia]] [[Maryland]] [[Massachusetts]]); {{C4}}<ref name="LyuGowik2015"/>
* ''[[Flaveria vaginata]]'' <small>B.L.Rob. & Greenm.</small>; {{C4}}-like<ref name="LyuGowik2015"/>


==References==
{{Reflist}}


⚫
==External links==
{{Asteraceae-stub}}
⚫
* [http://plants.usda.gov/java/profile?symbol=FLAVE USDA Plants Profile for ''Flaveria'']
⚫
* [http://ucjeps.berkeley.edu/cgi-bin/get_JM_treatment.pl?609,1224 Jepson Manual Treatment of ''Flaveria'']


{{Taxonbar|from=Q5458055}}
⚫
[[Category:Asteraceae]]


[[es:Flaveria]]
[[Category:Flaveria| ]]
⚫
[[Category:Asteraceae genera]]
[[pt:Flaveria]]

Latest revision as of 07:37, 3 December 2023

Yellowtops
Flaveria trinervia
Scientific classification Edit this classification
Kingdom: Plantae
Clade: Tracheophytes
Clade: Angiosperms
Clade: Eudicots
Clade: Asterids
Order: Asterales
Family: Asteraceae
Subfamily: Asteroideae
Tribe: Tageteae
Subtribe: Flaveriinae
Genus: Flaveria
Juss. 1789 not J.F.Gmel. 1792[1]
Synonyms[2]
  • Dilepis Suess. & Merxm.
  • Vermifuga Ruiz & Pav.
  • Nauenburgia Willd.
  • Brotera Spreng. 1801 illegitimate homonym not Cav. 1799 (Malvaceae)

Flaveria is a genus of plants in the family Asteraceae.[3][4] They are sometimes called yellowtops. Some are annual or perennial herbs and some are shrubs. They bear yellow flowers in heads, with zero, one, or two ray florets in each head.[5] These plants are found in the Americas, Asia, Africa, and Australia.[5][6]

While some members of this genus use the more common C3 carbon fixation pathway, others are C4 plants, and some are intermediate. With closely related species exhibiting different forms of metabolism, Flaveria has been a model genus for studies on the evolution of photosynthesis.[7][8][9] A monograph by A.M. Powell from 1978[10] is the most comprehensive study of morphology and biogeography for the Flaveria species to date. Molecular phylogenetic studies have clarified many of the evolutionary relationships between Flaveria species.[7][9]

Species[2][11][12]

References[edit]

  1. ^ Tropicos search for Flaveria
  2. ^ a b Flann, C (ed) 2009+ Global Compositae Checklist
  3. ^ Jussieu, Antoine Laurent de. 1789. Genera Plantarum 186–187 in Latin
  4. ^ Tropicos, Flaveria Juss.
  5. ^ a b Floira of North America Vol. 21 Page 247 Flaveria Jussieu
  6. ^ Flora of China Vol. 20-21 Page 855 黄顶菊属 huang ding ju shu Flaveria Jussieu, Gen. Pl. 186. 1789.
  7. ^ a b McKown, A.D.; Moncalvo, J.-M.; Dengler, N.G. (2005). "Phylogeny of Flaveria (Asteraceae) and inference of C4 photosynthesis evolution". American Journal of Botany. 92 (11): 1911–1928. doi:10.3732/ajb.92.11.1911. ISSN 0002-9122. PMID 21646108. Open access icon
  8. ^ Mallmann, Julia; Heckmann, David; Bräutigam, Andrea; Lercher, Martin J; Weber, Andreas PM; Westhoff, Peter; Gowik, Udo (2014). "The role of photorespiration during the evolution of C4 photosynthesis in the genus Flaveria". eLife. 3: e02478. doi:10.7554/elife.02478. PMC 4103682. PMID 24935935. Open access icon
  9. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o Lyu, M.-J.A.; Gowik, U.; Kelly, S.; et al. (2015). "RNA-Seq based phylogeny recapitulates previous phylogeny of the genus Flaveria (Asteraceae) with some modifications". BMC Evolutionary Biology. 15 (1): 116. doi:10.1186/s12862-015-0399-9. ISSN 1471-2148. PMC 4472175. PMID 26084484. Open access icon
  10. ^ A.M. Powell. 1978. Systematics of Flaveria (Flaveriinae-Asteraceae. Annals of the Missouri Botanical Garden 65: 590–636
  11. ^ Biota of North America Program 2013 county distribution maps
  12. ^ The Plant List search for Flaveria

External links[edit]

Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Flaveria&oldid=1188088453"