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{{short description|French painter}}

{{Use dmy dates|date=November 2021}}
{{Infobox person
{{Infobox person
| name = Moïse Kisling
| name = Moïse Kisling
Line 5: Line 8:
| other_names = Maurice Kisling, Kiki Kisling
| other_names = Maurice Kisling, Kiki Kisling
| birth_name = Mojżesz Kisling
| birth_name = Mojżesz Kisling
| birth_date = January 22, 1891
| birth_date = 22 January 1891
| birth_place = [[Kraków]], [[Grand Duchy of Cracow]], [[Austria-Hungary]]
| birth_place = [[Kraków]], [[Grand Duchy of Cracow]], [[Austria-Hungary]]
| death_date = {{death date and age|mf=y|1953|4|29|1891|1|22}}
| death_date = {{death date and age|df=y|1953|4|29|1891|1|22}}
| death_place = [[Bandol]], France
| death_place = [[Bandol]], France
| monuments = [[School of Paris]]
| nationality = Polish, French
| nationality = Polish, French
| known_for = Painting
| known_for = Painting
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}}
}}


'''Moïse Kisling''', born '''Mojżesz Kisling''' (January 22, 1891 – April 29, 1953), was a Polish-born French painter.<ref>''Pologne'' Michelin, - 2009 "Kisling de Montparnasse - Né dans une famille juive à Cracovie, Moïse Kisling (1891-1953) fut l'élève de "</ref><ref>{{Cite book|last=Sachs|first=Harvey|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=44Sl_52ePdYC&pg=PA268|title=Rubinstein: A Life|date=1995|publisher=Grove Press|isbn=978-0-8021-1579-9|pages=268|language=en}}</ref> He moved to Paris in 1910 at the age of 19, and became a French citizen in 1915, after serving and being wounded with the [[French Foreign Legion]] in [[World War I]]. He emigrated to the United States in 1940, after the fall of France, and returned there in 1946.
'''Moïse Kisling''' (born '''Mojżesz Kisling'''; 22 January 1891 – 29 April 1953) was a Polish-born French painter.<ref>''Pologne'' Michelin, - 2009 "Kisling de Montparnasse - Né dans une famille juive à Cracovie, Moïse Kisling (1891-1953) fut l'élève de "</ref><ref>{{Cite book|last=Sachs|first=Harvey|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=44Sl_52ePdYC&pg=PA268|title=Rubinstein: A Life|date=1995|publisher=Grove Press|isbn=978-0-8021-1579-9|pages=268|language=en}}</ref> Born in [[Kraków]], then part of [[Austria-Hungary]], to [[Jews|Jewish]] parents, Kisling studied at the [[Jan Matejko Academy of Fine Arts|Academy of Fine Arts]]. He left for Paris in 1910 at the age of 19. After moving to [[Montmartre]], Kisling became a member of the Parisian avant-garde known also as the [[School of Paris]], and developed close professional relationships with painters [[Amedeo Modigliani]] and [[Jules Pascin]], among others. Kisling gained recognition for portraying the female form and completed numerous [[Nude (art)|nudes]] and [[Portrait|portraits]] during his career.


He became a [[French nationality law|French national]] in 1924, after serving and being wounded with the [[French Foreign Legion]] in [[World War I]]. In 1940, despite being 49, Kisling rejoined the army for World War II but moved to the United States following the French Army's surrender and the impending [[The Holocaust|threat to Jews]] in [[German military administration in occupied France during World War II|occupied France]]. In the U.S., he exhibited his works in New York City and Washington and settled in Southern California. After World War II and the [[End of World War II in Europe|defeat of Nazi Germany]], Kisling returned to France. He lived his later years continuing his artwork until his death in 1953, after a brief illness.
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==Early life and education==
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Born in [[Kraków]], [[Austria-Hungary]] on January 22, 1891. He studied at the Academy of Fine Arts in Krakow with [[Józef Pankiewicz|Jozef Pankiewicz]].<ref name=":0">{{Cite web|date=1953-04-30|title=MOISE KISLING, 62, PARIS ARTIST, DIES; Associate of Cocteau, Picasso and Modigliani, Was Known for Portraits of Women|url=http://timesmachine.nytimes.com/timesmachine/1953/04/30/84398824.html?pageNumber=31|url-access=subscription|access-date=2020-09-13|website=The New York Times, Time Machine|language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=Artist Biography for Moise Kisling|url=https://www.askart.com/artist_bio/Moise_Maurice_Kisling/103129/Moise_Maurice_Kisling.aspx|access-date=2020-09-13|website=Askart.com}}</ref> His teachers encouraged the young man to go to [[Paris]], [[France]], considered the international center for artistic creativity in the early 20th century. In 1910, Kisling moved to [[Montmartre]] in Paris initially living on Rue des Beaux-Arts,<ref name=":2">{{Cite book|last=Hansen|first=Arlen J.|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=0KkeAwAAQBAJ|title=Expatriate Paris: A Cultural and Literary Guide to Paris of the 1920s|date=2014-03-04|publisher=Skyhorse Publishing, Inc.|isbn=978-1-61145-852-7|pages=13|language=en}}</ref> and a few years later to [[Montparnasse]].


His works are held by museums globally, including the [[Harvard Art Museums]], [[British Museum]], and the [[Metropolitan Museum of Art]], among other institutions. The [[Petit Palais|Musée du Petit Palais]] in [[Geneva]] holds a significant collection of Kisling's paintings.
At the outbreak of [[World War I]], he volunteered for service in the [[French Foreign Legion]]. After being seriously wounded in 1915 in the [[Battle of the Somme]], he was awarded French citizenship.<ref>{{Cite web|title=ULAN Full Record Display, Kisling, Moïse|url=http://www.getty.edu/vow/ULANFullDisplay?find=&role=&nation=&prev_page=1&subjectid=500027290|access-date=2017-07-16|website=Getty Research|publisher=The J. Paul Getty Trust}}</ref>


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==Early life and education==
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He was married Renée Kisling (née Gros) in 1916, and together they had two sons, Jean (1922) and Guy Kisling (1922).<ref name=":1">{{Cite book|last=Meckier|first=Jerome|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=t8zaDwAAQBAJ&pg=PA226|title=Aldous Huxley Annual: Volume 19 (2019)|date=2020-09-11|publisher=LIT Verlag Münster|isbn=978-3-643-91250-3|language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book|last=Jiminez|first=Jill Berk|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=ogFYAQAAQBAJ|title=Dictionary of Artists' Models|date=2013-10-15|publisher=Routledge|isbn=978-1-135-95914-2|pages=299|language=en}}</ref>
⚫
Born in [[Kraków]], [[Austria-Hungary]] on 22 January 1891 to Jewish Parents. He studied at the Academy of Fine Arts in Krakow with [[Józef Pankiewicz|Jozef Pankiewicz]].<ref name=":0">{{Cite web|date=30 April 1953|title=MOISE KISLING, 62, PARIS ARTIST, DIES; Associate of Cocteau, Picasso and Modigliani, Was Known for Portraits of Women|url=http://timesmachine.nytimes.com/timesmachine/1953/04/30/84398824.html?pageNumber=31|url-access=subscription|access-date=13 September 2020|website=The New York Times, Time Machine|language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=Artist Biography for Moise Kisling|url=https://www.askart.com/artist_bio/Moise_Maurice_Kisling/103129/Moise_Maurice_Kisling.aspx|access-date=13 September 2020|website=Askart.com}}</ref> His teachers encouraged the young man to go to [[Paris]], [[France]], considered the international center for artistic creativity in the early 20th century. In 1910, Kisling moved to [[Montmartre]] in Paris initially living on Rue des Beaux-Arts,<ref name=":2">{{Cite book|last=Hansen|first=Arlen J.|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=0KkeAwAAQBAJ|title=Expatriate Paris: A Cultural and Literary Guide to Paris of the 1920s|date=4 March 2014|publisher=Skyhorse Publishing, Inc.|isbn=978-1-61145-852-7|pages=13|language=en}}</ref> and a few years later to [[Montparnasse]].

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At the outbreak of [[World War I]], he volunteered for service in the [[French Foreign Legion]]. He was seriously wounded in 1916 in the [[Battle of the Somme]].<ref>{{Cite web|title=ULAN Full Record Display, Kisling, Moïse|url=http://www.getty.edu/vow/ULANFullDisplay?find=&role=&nation=&prev_page=1&subjectid=500027290|access-date=16 July 2017|website=Getty Research|publisher=The J. Paul Getty Trust}}</ref> He married Renée Kisling (née Gros) in 1916, and together they had two sons, Jean (1922) and Guy Kisling (1922).<ref name=":1">{{Cite book|last=Meckier|first=Jerome|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=t8zaDwAAQBAJ&pg=PA226|title=Aldous Huxley Annual: Volume 19 (2019)|date=11 September 2020|publisher=LIT Verlag Münster|isbn=978-3-643-91250-3|language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book|last=Jiminez|first=Jill Berk|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=ogFYAQAAQBAJ|title=Dictionary of Artists' Models|date=15 October 2013|publisher=Routledge|isbn=978-1-135-95914-2|pages=299|language=en}}</ref> He acquired [[French nationality law|French nationality]] by naturalization in 1924.<ref>{{Cite web |date=1924-03-10 |title=Journal officiel de la République française. Lois et décrets |url=https://gallica.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/bpt6k6475849n |access-date=2023-11-23 |website=Gallica |language=EN}}</ref>


==Career==
==Career==
[[File:Moïse Kisling, 1913, Nu sur un divan noir, oil on canvas, 97 x 130 cm, published in Montjolie, 1914.jpg|thumb|right|250px|Moïse Kisling, 1913, ''Nu sur un divan noir'', oil on canvas, 97 x 130 cm, published in Montjoie, 1914]]
[[File:Moïse Kisling, 1913, Nu sur un divan noir, oil on canvas, 97 x 130 cm, published in Montjolie, 1914.jpg|thumb|right|250px|Moïse Kisling, 1913, ''Nu sur un divan noir'', oil on canvas, 97 x 130 cm, published in Montjoie, 1914]]
Kisling lived and worked in Montparnasse as part of its renowned artistic community, he joined an émigré community made up of artists from eastern Europe as well as Americans and British.<ref name=":0" /> Most of the French kept to themselves, although the artistic community was international. In 1911–1912 he spent nearly a year at [[Céret]].{{Citation needed|date=September 2020}} And by 1913, he had moved to [[Bateau-Lavoir]] in Montmartre, where he lived briefly.<ref name=":2" />
Kisling lived and worked in [[Montparnasse]] and as part of its renowned artistic community, he joined an émigré community of Americans, British and Eastern European artists.<ref name=":0" /> Most of the French kept to themselves, although the artistic community was international. In 1911–1912 he spent nearly a year at [[Céret]],{{Citation needed|date=September 2020}} and by 1913, he had moved to [[Bateau-Lavoir]] in [[Montmartre]], where he lived briefly.<ref name=":2" />


Eventually around 1913, he took a home residence and art studio on 3 Rue Joseph-Bara in Montparnasse, however he spent a lot of his time in [[Southern France]] in the 1920s.<ref name=":2" /> Kisling maintained the Paris residence and studio on Rue Joseph-Bara through World War II, and upon his return after the war it had been ransacked.<ref name=":2" /> The artists [[Jules Pascin]], [[Léopold Zborowski]],<ref>{{Cite web|last=Johnson|first=Samuel|date=July 2017|title=Index of Historic Collectors and Dealers of Cubism, Zborowski|url=https://www.metmuseum.org/art/libraries-and-research-centers/leonard-lauder-research-center/research/index-of-cubist-art-collectors/zborowski|access-date=2020-09-15|website=The Metropolitan Museum of Art|quote=A budding friendship with Moïse Kisling, whose rue Joseph Bara address Zborowski shared}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|date=2019-01-03|title=Jules Pascin (born Julius Mordecaï Pinkas)|url=https://ecoledeparis.org/jules-pascin/|access-date=2020-09-15|website=Bureau d’art Ecole de Paris|language=en-US|quote=Pascin settled at 3 rue Joseph- Bara, where Kisling and Zborowski were already living.}}</ref> and later [[Amedeo Modigliani]] lived in the same building.
Eventually around 1913, he took a home residence and art studio on 3 Rue Joseph-Bara in Montparnasse, however he spent a lot of his time in [[Southern France]] in the 1920s.<ref name=":2" /> Kisling maintained the Paris residence and studio on [[Rue Joseph-Bara]] through World War II, and upon his return after the war it had been ransacked.<ref name=":2" /> The artists [[Jules Pascin]], [[Léopold Zborowski]],<ref>{{Cite web|last=Johnson|first=Samuel|date=July 2017|title=Index of Historic Collectors and Dealers of Cubism, Zborowski|url=https://www.metmuseum.org/art/libraries-and-research-centers/leonard-lauder-research-center/research/index-of-cubist-art-collectors/zborowski|access-date=15 September 2020|website=The Metropolitan Museum of Art|quote=A budding friendship with Moïse Kisling, whose rue Joseph Bara address Zborowski shared}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|date=3 January 2019|title=Jules Pascin (born Julius Mordecaï Pinkas)|url=https://ecoledeparis.org/jules-pascin/|access-date=15 September 2020|website=Bureau d'art Ecole de Paris|language=en-US|quote=Pascin settled at 3 rue Joseph- Bara, where Kisling and Zborowski were already living.}}</ref> and later [[Amedeo Modigliani]] lived in the same building.


He became close friends with many of his contemporaries, including Amedeo Modigliani, who painted a portrait of him in 1916 (in the collection of the [[Musée d'Art Moderne de la Ville de Paris]]). His style in painting landscapes is similar to that of [[Marc Chagall]]. A master at depicting the female body, his surreal nudes and portraits earned him the widest acclaim.
He became close friends with many of his contemporaries, including Amedeo Modigliani, who painted a portrait of him in 1916 (in the collection of the [[Musée d'Art Moderne de la Ville de Paris]]). His style in painting landscapes is similar to that of [[Marc Chagall]]. A master at depicting the female body, his surreal nudes and portraits earned him the widest acclaim.


Kisling volunteered for army service again in 1940 during World War II, although he was 49. When the French Army was discharged at the time of the surrender to the Germans, Kisling emigrated to the United States. He rightly feared for his safety as a Jew in [[occupied France]]. He exhibited in [[New York City]] and [[Washington, D.C.|Washington]]. He settled in [[Southern California]], and had his first art exhibition there in 1942.<ref>{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=rvIxAQAAIAAJ|title=California Arts & Architecture|date=1942|publisher=J.D. Entenza|pages=13|language=en}}</ref> The Kinsling family lived next door to [[Aldous Huxley]] and his family in Southern California,<ref name=":1" /> where they stayed there until 1946.
Kisling volunteered for army service again in 1940 during World War II, although he was 49. When the French Army was discharged after the surrender to the Germans, Kisling emigrated to the United States. He rightly feared for his safety as a Jew in [[occupied France]]. He exhibited in [[New York City]] and [[Washington, D.C.|Washington]]. He settled in [[Southern California]], and had his first art exhibition there in 1942.<ref>{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=rvIxAQAAIAAJ|title=California Arts & Architecture|date=1942|publisher=J.D. Entenza|pages=13|language=en}}</ref> The Kisling family lived next door to [[Aldous Huxley]] and his family in Southern California,<ref name=":1" /> where they stayed there until 1946.


Under the [[Vichy government]], certain critics suggested too many foreigners, especially Jews, were diminishing French traditions.<ref>Elizabeth Campbell Karlsgodt, ''Defending National Treasures: French Art and Heritage Under Vichy,'' p. 44 (2011) Quote: "..the prominence of foreign Jewish artists such as [[Chaim Soutine]], [[Michel Kikoine]], and Moïse Kisling. As a result, certain art critics such as [[Camille Mauclair]] claimed that foreign artists were contaminating the French artistic tradition."</ref> Their comments were part of a rise in [[anti-Semitism]] during the German occupation, resulting in French cooperation in the deportation and deaths of tens of thousands of foreign and French Jews in concentration camps. Kisling returned to France after the war and defeat of Germany.{{Citation needed|date=September 2020}}
Under the [[Vichy government]], certain critics suggested too many foreigners, especially Jews, were diminishing French traditions.<ref>Elizabeth Campbell Karlsgodt, ''Defending National Treasures: French Art and Heritage Under Vichy,'' p. 44 (2011) Quote: "..the prominence of foreign Jewish artists such as [[Chaïm Soutine]], [[Michel Kikoine]], and Moïse Kisling. As a result, certain art critics such as [[Camille Mauclair]] claimed that foreign artists were contaminating the French artistic tradition."</ref> Their comments were part of a rise in [[anti-Semitism]] during the German occupation, resulting in French cooperation in the deportation and deaths of tens of thousands of foreign and French Jews in concentration camps. Kisling returned to France after the war and defeat of Germany.{{Citation needed|date=September 2020}}


== Death and legacy ==
== Death and legacy ==
Moïse Kisling died at his house in [[Bandol]], [[Var (département)|Var]], [[Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur]], France on April 29, 1953.<ref name=":0" /><ref name=":3">{{Cite web|date=29 April 1953|title=Moise Kisling, Noted Painter, Passes Away|url=http://www.newspapers.com/image/187689824/?terms=%22Moise+Kisling%22|url-access=subscription|access-date=2020-09-15|website=Newspapers.com|publisher=Green Bay Press-Gazette|page=Page 6|language=en}}</ref><ref name=":4">{{Cite web|date=30 April 1953|title=Obituary: Moise Kisling|url=http://www.newspapers.com/image/259423449/?terms=%22Moise+Kisling%22|url-access=subscription|access-date=2020-09-15|website=Newspapers.com|publisher=The Guardian|page=4|language=en}}</ref> He had been ill with stomach issues for ten days, prior to his death.<ref name=":3" /><ref name=":4" />
Moïse Kisling died at his house in [[Bandol]], [[Var (département)|Var]], [[Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur]], France on 29 April 1953.<ref name=":0" /><ref name=":3">{{Cite web|date=29 April 1953|title=Moise Kisling, Noted Painter, Passes Away|url=http://www.newspapers.com/image/187689824/?terms=%22Moise+Kisling%22|url-access=subscription|access-date=15 September 2020|website=Newspapers.com|publisher=Green Bay Press-Gazette|page=Page 6|language=en}}</ref><ref name=":4">{{Cite web|date=30 April 1953|title=Obituary: Moise Kisling|url=http://www.newspapers.com/image/259423449/?terms=%22Moise+Kisling%22|url-access=subscription|access-date=15 September 2020|website=Newspapers.com|publisher=The Guardian|page=4|language=en}}</ref> He had been ill with stomach issues for ten days, prior to his death.<ref name=":3" /><ref name=":4" /> His work is in various public museum collections, including at the [[Harvard Art Museums]],<ref>{{Cite web|title=Moise Kisling, Krakow Poland 1891 - 1953 Sanary-sur-Mer, France|url=https://www.harvardartmuseums.org/collections/person/26895|access-date=12 September 2020|website=Harvard Art Museums|language=en}}</ref> [[British Museum]],<ref>{{Cite web|title=Moïse Kisling|url=https://www.britishmuseum.org/collection/term/BIOG33863|access-date=12 September 2020|website=Collections Online, British Museum}}</ref> the [[Metropolitan Museum of Art]],<ref>{{Cite web|title=Boy in Blue, ca. 1928|url=https://www.metmuseum.org/art/collection/search/489636|access-date=12 September 2020|website=The Met}}</ref> [[Tokyo Fuji Art Museum]],<ref>{{Cite web|title=Flowers, Moïse Kisling|url=https://www.fujibi.or.jp/en/our-collection/profile-of-works.html?work_id=1254|access-date=12 September 2020|website=Tokyo Fuji Art Museum|language=en}}</ref> the [[Israel Museum]],<ref>{{Cite web|title=Moise Kisling|url=https://www.imj.org.il/en/artistec/moise-kisling|access-date=12 September 2020|website=The Israel Museum, Jerusalem|language=en}}</ref> Ikeda 20 Seiki Museum,<ref>{{Cite web|title=Permanent collection|url=https://www.nichireki.co.jp/ikeda/collection2.html?lang=en|website=Ikeda 20 Seiki Museum}}</ref> amongst others. A large collection of Kisling's works is held by the [[Musée du Petit Palais]] in [[Geneva, Switzerland]].<ref>{{Cite web|title=Moïse Kisling Biography|url=http://www.artnet.com/artists/mo%C3%AFse-kisling/biography|access-date=15 September 2020|website=Artnet.com}}</ref>

A residential street in the town of Sanary-sur-Mer is named after him.{{Citation needed|date=September 2020}}

His work is in various public museum collections, including at the [[Harvard Art Museums]],<ref>{{Cite web|title=Moise Kisling, Krakow Poland 1891 - 1953 Sanary-sur-Mer, France|url=https://www.harvardartmuseums.org/collections/person/26895|access-date=2020-09-12|website=Harvard Art Museums|language=en}}</ref> [[British Museum]],<ref>{{Cite web|title=Moïse Kisling|url=https://www.britishmuseum.org/collection/term/BIOG33863|access-date=2020-09-12|website=Collections Online, British Museum}}</ref> the [[Metropolitan Museum of Art]],<ref>{{Cite web|title=Boy in Blue, ca. 1928|url=https://www.metmuseum.org/art/collection/search/489636|access-date=2020-09-12|website=The Met}}</ref> [[Tokyo Fuji Art Museum]],<ref>{{Cite web|title=Flowers, Moïse Kisling|url=https://www.fujibi.or.jp/en/our-collection/profile-of-works.html?work_id=1254|access-date=2020-09-12|website=Tokyo Fuji Art Museum|language=en}}</ref> the [[Israel Museum]],<ref>{{Cite web|title=Moise Kisling|url=https://www.imj.org.il/en/artistec/moise-kisling|access-date=2020-09-12|website=The Israel Museum, Jerusalem|language=en}}</ref> Ikeda 20 Seiki Museum,<ref>{{Cite web|title=Permanent collection|url=https://www.nichireki.co.jp/ikeda/collection2.html?lang=en|website=Ikeda 20 Seiki Museum}}</ref> amongst others. A large collection of Kisling's works is held by the [[Musée du Petit Palais]] in [[Geneva, Switzerland]].<ref>{{Cite web|title=Moïse Kisling Biography|url=http://www.artnet.com/artists/mo%C3%AFse-kisling/biography|access-date=2020-09-15|website=Artnet.com}}</ref>


==Gallery==
==Gallery==
<gallery widths="170" heights="170" caption="Works">
<gallery widths="170" heights="170" caption="Works">
File:Moise Kisling, 1916, La Sieste à Saint-Tropez, Kisling avec Renée.jpg|Moïse Kisling, 1916, ''La Sieste à Saint-Tropez'' (Kisling with Renée)
File:Moise Kisling, 1916, La Sieste à Saint-Tropez, Kisling avec Renée.jpg|Moïse Kisling, 1916, ''La Sieste à Saint-Tropez'' (Kisling with Renée)
File:Moïse Kisling, Portrait du peintre (Autoportrait), oil on canvas, 81.3 x 60.3 cm, private collection.jpg|Moïse Kisling, ''Portrait du peintre (Autoportrait)'', oil on canvas, 81.3 x 60.3&nbsp;cm, private collection. Published in ''Action: Cahiers Individualistes de Philosophie et d’art'', July 1920
File:Moïse Kisling, Portrait du peintre (Autoportrait), oil on canvas, 81.3 x 60.3 cm, private collection.jpg|Moïse Kisling, ''Portrait du peintre (Autoportrait)'', oil on canvas, 81.3 x 60.3&nbsp;cm, private collection. Published in ''Action: Cahiers Individualistes de Philosophie et d'art'', July 1920
File:Moïse Kisling, c.1920, Le pêcheur (The Fisherman), oil on canvas, 82 x 61.7 cm, private collection.jpg|Moïse Kisling, c.1920, ''Le pêcheur'' (''The Fisherman''), oil on canvas, 82 x 61.7 cm, private collection
File:Moïse Kisling, c.1920, Le pêcheur (The Fisherman), oil on canvas, 82 x 61.7 cm, private collection.jpg|Moïse Kisling, c.1920, ''Le pêcheur'' (''The Fisherman''), oil on canvas, 82 x 61.7&nbsp;cm, private collection
File:Moise Kisling, Nature morte. Reproduced in André Salmon, L'Art Vivant, Artistes d'hier et d'aujourd'hui, 1920.jpg|Moïse Kisling, ''Nature morte'', before 1920. Reproduced in [[André Salmon]], ''L'Art Vivant'', Artistes d'hier et d'aujourd'hui, 1920 (black and white photograph)
File:Moise Kisling, Nature morte. Reproduced in André Salmon, L'Art Vivant, Artistes d'hier et d'aujourd'hui, 1920.jpg|Moïse Kisling, ''Nature morte'', before 1920. Reproduced in [[André Salmon]], ''L'Art Vivant'', Artistes d'hier et d'aujourd'hui, 1920 (black and white photograph)
File:Moïse Kisling, 1921, Nu assis, oil on canvas, private collection.jpg|Moïse Kisling, 1921, ''Nu assis'', oil on canvas, private collection
File:Moïse Kisling, 1921, Nu assis, oil on canvas, private collection.jpg|Moïse Kisling, 1921, ''Nu assis'', oil on canvas, private collection
File:Moïse Kisling, Nature morte (Still Life), Action, Cahiers Individualistes De Philosophie Et D’art, August 1921.jpg|Moïse Kisling, ''Nature morte (Still Life)'', published in Action, Cahiers Individualistes De Philosophie Et D’art, August 1921
File:Moïse Kisling, Nature morte (Still Life), Action, Cahiers Individualistes De Philosophie Et D’art, August 1921.jpg|Moïse Kisling, ''Nature morte (Still Life)'', published in Action, Cahiers Individualistes De Philosophie Et D'art, August 1921

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File:Portrait of Rénée Kisling.jpg|Moïse Kisling, ''Portrait of Rénée Kisling''
File:'Paysage de Provence', oil on canvas painting by Moïse Kisling, c. 1919.jpg|Moïse Kisling, c.1919, ''Paysage de Provence'', oil on canvas
File:'Paysage de Provence', oil on canvas painting by Moïse Kisling, c. 1919.jpg|Moïse Kisling, c.1919, ''Paysage de Provence'', oil on canvas
</gallery>
</gallery>
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File:Modigliani.Moise Kisling.JPG|[[Amedeo Modigliani]], ''Portrait of Moïse Kisling'', 1918. [[Lille Métropole Museum of Modern, Contemporary and Outsider Art]], Villeneuve d'Ascq, France
File:Modigliani.Moise Kisling.JPG|[[Amedeo Modigliani]], ''Portrait of Moïse Kisling'', 1918. [[Lille Métropole Museum of Modern, Contemporary and Outsider Art]], Villeneuve d'Ascq, France
File:Roman Kramsztyk Portrait Moise Kisling 1913.jpg|''Portrait of Moïse Kisling'' by [[:de:Roman Kramsztyk|Roman Kramsztyk]], 1913
File:Roman Kramsztyk Portrait Moise Kisling 1913.jpg|''Portrait of Moïse Kisling'' by [[:de:Roman Kramsztyk|Roman Kramsztyk]], 1913
File:Pablo-Picasso-Moise-Kisling-Paquerette-Cafe-la-Rotonde-paris-1916.jpg|[[Pablo Picasso]], Moïse Kisling and fashion model Paquerette enjoying themselves at café La Rotonde, 105 Boulevard du Montparnasse, August 1916
File:Pablo-Picasso-Moise-Kisling-Paquerette-Cafe-la-Rotonde-paris-1916.jpg|Moïse Kisling with fashion model Paquerette and [[Pablo Picasso]], photographed by [[Jean Cocteau]] in 1916 at [[Café de la Rotonde]], 105 [[Boulevard du Montparnasse]], August 1916
⚫
File:Portrait of Moïse Kisling LCCN2004663135.jpg|Moïse Kisling, 1941
File:Pablo-Picasso-Moise-Kisling-photo-by-jean-cocteau-Montparnasse-paris-1916.jpg|Pablo Picasso and Moïse Kisling in Paris, photographed by [[Jean Cocteau]], August 12, 1916
⚫
File:Plaque Hôtel Istria, 29 rue Campagne-Première, Paris 14.jpg|Commemorative plaque, 29 rue Campagne-Première, Paris, 75014
File:Moïse Kisling, photograph.jpg|Moïse Kisling, 1941
⚫
File:Plaque Hôtel Istria, 29 rue Campagne-Première, Paris 14.jpg|Commemorative plaque, 29 rue Campagne-Première, Paris, 75014
</gallery>
</gallery>

== Selected exhibitions ==

* Galerie Jean Pascaud (Paris), with [[Jacques Henri Lartigue]], [[Paul Colin (artist)|Paul Colin]], [[Marie Laurencin]], [[Henri Lebasque]], and Marcel Roche<ref>Collectif, ''Double je Jacques Henri Lartigue, peintre et photographe, 1915-1939'', Somogy éditions d'art, musée d'art et d'histoire Louis-Senlecq, 2010, p.128 {{isbn|978-2-7572-0347-7}}.</ref><ref>L'affiche de l'exposition est conservée à [[L'Isle-Adam, Val-d'Oise|L'Isle-Adam]] au {{ill|Musée d'Art et d'Histoire Louis-Senlecq|fr}}.</ref> from November 14 to 29, 1934.
* "The Last Works of Kisling," [[Museum of Old Marseille]] ([[Marseille]]), from September 13 to 30, 1953.
* "Kisling, Major Figure of the School of Paris," Tokyo Metropolitan Teien Art Museum (Tokyo), from April 20 to July 7, 2019<ref>{{cite web|access-date=2019-04-17|language=ja|title=キスリング展 エコール・ド・パリの夢|url=https://www.teien-art-museum.ne.jp/exhibition/190420-0707_kisling.html|website=キスリング展 エコール・ド・パリの夢}}<!-- auto-translated by Module:CS1 translator --></ref>


==References==
==References==
{{reflist}}
{{reflist}}

==Further reading==
* [[Henri Troyat|Troyat, Henri]] & [[Joseph Kessel|Kessel, Joseph]]. ''Kisling 1891-1953''. (Paris, Jean Kisling, 1971) Catalogue raisonné, in 2 vols.


==External links==
==External links==
{{commonscat}}
* {{Internet Archive author |sname=Moïse Kisling}}
* {{Internet Archive author |sname=Moïse Kisling}}
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* [http://www.photo.rmn.fr/cf/htm/CSearchT.aspx?V=CSearchT&SID=2K1KTSJ571WQB&E=S_2K1KTSJ571WQB&NoR=500&New=T Agence photo de la Réunion des musées nationaux RMN] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140307201522/http://www.photo.rmn.fr/cf/htm/CSearchT.aspx?V=CSearchT&SID=2K1KTSJ571WQB&E=S_2K1KTSJ571WQB&NoR=500&New=T |date=7 March 2014 }}
* {{Find a Grave|id=8998063|name=}}
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* [http://www.photo.rmn.fr/cf/htm/CSearchT.aspx?V=CSearchT&SID=2K1KTSJ571WQB&E=S_2K1KTSJ571WQB&NoR=500&New=T Agence photo de la Réunion des musées nationaux RMN]
* {{FrenchSculptureCensus}}
* {{FrenchSculptureCensus}}


{{Authority control}}
{{Authority control (arts)}}


{{DEFAULTSORT:Kisling, Moise}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:Kisling, Moise}}
[[Category:1891 births]]
[[Category:1891 births]]
[[Category:1953 deaths]]
[[Category:1953 deaths]]
[[Category:Polish Jews]]
[[Category:Jews from Galicia (Eastern Europe)]]
[[Category:Jews from Galicia (Eastern Europe)]]
[[Category:20th-century French painters]]
[[Category:20th-century French painters]]
[[Category:French male painters]]
[[Category:French male painters]]
[[Category:20th-century Polish painters]]
[[Category:20th-century Polish painters]]
[[Category:20th-century male artists]]
[[Category:20th-century French male artists]]
[[Category:Jewish painters]]
[[Category:Jewish painters]]
[[Category:Modern painters]]
[[Category:Jewish Polish artists]]
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[[Category:French modern painters]]
[[Category:French military personnel of World War I]]
[[Category:French military personnel of World War I]]
[[Category:French military personnel of World War II]]
[[Category:French Army personnel of World War II]]
[[Category:Polish painters of Jewish descent]]
[[Category:20th-century Polish Jews]]
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[[Category:French Jews]]
[[Category:Soldiers of the French Foreign Legion]]
[[Category:Soldiers of the French Foreign Legion]]
[[Category:Artists from Kraków]]
[[Category:Artists from Kraków]]
[[Category:Polish emigrants to France]]
[[Category:Polish emigrants to France]]
[[Category:Polish male painters]]
[[Category:Polish male painters]]
[[Category:Jewish School of Paris]]
[[Category:Naturalized citizens of France]]

Latest revision as of 14:51, 18 April 2024

Moïse Kisling
Moïse Kisling, c.1916
Born
Mojżesz Kisling

22 January 1891
Kraków, Grand Duchy of Cracow, Austria-Hungary
Died29 April 1953(1953-04-29) (aged 62)
Bandol, France
MonumentsSchool of Paris
NationalityPolish, French
Other namesMaurice Kisling, Kiki Kisling
Known forPainting
SpouseRenée Kisling
Children2

Moïse Kisling (born Mojżesz Kisling; 22 January 1891 – 29 April 1953) was a Polish-born French painter.[1][2] Born in Kraków, then part of Austria-Hungary, to Jewish parents, Kisling studied at the Academy of Fine Arts. He left for Paris in 1910 at the age of 19. After moving to Montmartre, Kisling became a member of the Parisian avant-garde known also as the School of Paris, and developed close professional relationships with painters Amedeo Modigliani and Jules Pascin, among others. Kisling gained recognition for portraying the female form and completed numerous nudes and portraits during his career.

He became a French national in 1924, after serving and being wounded with the French Foreign Legion in World War I. In 1940, despite being 49, Kisling rejoined the army for World War II but moved to the United States following the French Army's surrender and the impending threat to Jews in occupied France. In the U.S., he exhibited his works in New York City and Washington and settled in Southern California. After World War II and the defeat of Nazi Germany, Kisling returned to France. He lived his later years continuing his artwork until his death in 1953, after a brief illness.

His works are held by museums globally, including the Harvard Art Museums, British Museum, and the Metropolitan Museum of Art, among other institutions. The Musée du Petit Palais in Geneva holds a significant collection of Kisling's paintings.

Early life and education[edit]

Born in Kraków, Austria-Hungary on 22 January 1891 to Jewish Parents. He studied at the Academy of Fine Arts in Krakow with Jozef Pankiewicz.[3][4] His teachers encouraged the young man to go to Paris, France, considered the international center for artistic creativity in the early 20th century. In 1910, Kisling moved to Montmartre in Paris initially living on Rue des Beaux-Arts,[5] and a few years later to Montparnasse.

At the outbreak of World War I, he volunteered for service in the French Foreign Legion. He was seriously wounded in 1916 in the Battle of the Somme.[6] He married Renée Kisling (née Gros) in 1916, and together they had two sons, Jean (1922) and Guy Kisling (1922).[7][8] He acquired French nationality by naturalization in 1924.[9]

Career[edit]

Moïse Kisling, 1913, Nu sur un divan noir, oil on canvas, 97 x 130 cm, published in Montjoie, 1914

Kisling lived and worked in Montparnasse and as part of its renowned artistic community, he joined an émigré community of Americans, British and Eastern European artists.[3] Most of the French kept to themselves, although the artistic community was international. In 1911–1912 he spent nearly a year at Céret,[citation needed] and by 1913, he had moved to Bateau-Lavoir in Montmartre, where he lived briefly.[5]

Eventually around 1913, he took a home residence and art studio on 3 Rue Joseph-Bara in Montparnasse, however he spent a lot of his time in Southern France in the 1920s.[5] Kisling maintained the Paris residence and studio on Rue Joseph-Bara through World War II, and upon his return after the war it had been ransacked.[5] The artists Jules Pascin, Léopold Zborowski,[10][11] and later Amedeo Modigliani lived in the same building.

He became close friends with many of his contemporaries, including Amedeo Modigliani, who painted a portrait of him in 1916 (in the collection of the Musée d'Art Moderne de la Ville de Paris). His style in painting landscapes is similar to that of Marc Chagall. A master at depicting the female body, his surreal nudes and portraits earned him the widest acclaim.

Kisling volunteered for army service again in 1940 during World War II, although he was 49. When the French Army was discharged after the surrender to the Germans, Kisling emigrated to the United States. He rightly feared for his safety as a Jew in occupied France. He exhibited in New York City and Washington. He settled in Southern California, and had his first art exhibition there in 1942.[12] The Kisling family lived next door to Aldous Huxley and his family in Southern California,[7] where they stayed there until 1946.

Under the Vichy government, certain critics suggested too many foreigners, especially Jews, were diminishing French traditions.[13] Their comments were part of a rise in anti-Semitism during the German occupation, resulting in French cooperation in the deportation and deaths of tens of thousands of foreign and French Jews in concentration camps. Kisling returned to France after the war and defeat of Germany.[citation needed]

Death and legacy[edit]

Moïse Kisling died at his house in Bandol, Var, Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur, France on 29 April 1953.[3][14][15] He had been ill with stomach issues for ten days, prior to his death.[14][15] His work is in various public museum collections, including at the Harvard Art Museums,[16] British Museum,[17] the Metropolitan Museum of Art,[18] Tokyo Fuji Art Museum,[19] the Israel Museum,[20] Ikeda 20 Seiki Museum,[21] amongst others. A large collection of Kisling's works is held by the Musée du Petit Palais in Geneva, Switzerland.[22]

Gallery[edit]

  • Works
  • Moïse Kisling, 1916, La Sieste à Saint-Tropez (Kisling with Renée)
    Moïse Kisling, 1916, La Sieste à Saint-Tropez (Kisling with Renée)
  • Moïse Kisling, Portrait du peintre (Autoportrait), oil on canvas, 81.3 x 60.3 cm, private collection. Published in Action: Cahiers Individualistes de Philosophie et d'art, July 1920
    Moïse Kisling, Portrait du peintre (Autoportrait), oil on canvas, 81.3 x 60.3 cm, private collection. Published in Action: Cahiers Individualistes de Philosophie et d'art, July 1920
  • Moïse Kisling, c.1920, Le pêcheur (The Fisherman), oil on canvas, 82 x 61.7 cm, private collection
    Moïse Kisling, c.1920, Le pêcheur (The Fisherman), oil on canvas, 82 x 61.7 cm, private collection
  • Moïse Kisling, Nature morte, before 1920. Reproduced in André Salmon, L'Art Vivant, Artistes d'hier et d'aujourd'hui, 1920 (black and white photograph)
    Moïse Kisling, Nature morte, before 1920. Reproduced in André Salmon, L'Art Vivant, Artistes d'hier et d'aujourd'hui, 1920 (black and white photograph)
  • Moïse Kisling, 1921, Nu assis, oil on canvas, private collection
    Moïse Kisling, 1921, Nu assis, oil on canvas, private collection
  • Moïse Kisling, Nature morte (Still Life), published in Action, Cahiers Individualistes De Philosophie Et D'art, August 1921
    Moïse Kisling, Nature morte (Still Life), published in Action, Cahiers Individualistes De Philosophie Et D'art, August 1921
  • Moïse Kisling, c.1919, Paysage de Provence, oil on canvas
    Moïse Kisling, c.1919, Paysage de Provence, oil on canvas

Selected exhibitions[edit]

References[edit]

  1. ^ Pologne Michelin, - 2009 "Kisling de Montparnasse - Né dans une famille juive à Cracovie, Moïse Kisling (1891-1953) fut l'élève de "
  2. ^ Sachs, Harvey (1995). Rubinstein: A Life. Grove Press. p. 268. ISBN 978-0-8021-1579-9.
  3. ^ a b c "MOISE KISLING, 62, PARIS ARTIST, DIES; Associate of Cocteau, Picasso and Modigliani, Was Known for Portraits of Women". The New York Times, Time Machine. 30 April 1953. Retrieved 13 September 2020.
  4. ^ "Artist Biography for Moise Kisling". Askart.com. Retrieved 13 September 2020.
  5. ^ a b c d Hansen, Arlen J. (4 March 2014). Expatriate Paris: A Cultural and Literary Guide to Paris of the 1920s. Skyhorse Publishing, Inc. p. 13. ISBN 978-1-61145-852-7.
  6. ^ "ULAN Full Record Display, Kisling, Moïse". Getty Research. The J. Paul Getty Trust. Retrieved 16 July 2017.
  7. ^ a b Meckier, Jerome (11 September 2020). Aldous Huxley Annual: Volume 19 (2019). LIT Verlag Münster. ISBN 978-3-643-91250-3.
  8. ^ Jiminez, Jill Berk (15 October 2013). Dictionary of Artists' Models. Routledge. p. 299. ISBN 978-1-135-95914-2.
  9. ^ "Journal officiel de la République française. Lois et décrets". Gallica. 10 March 1924. Retrieved 23 November 2023.
  10. ^ Johnson, Samuel (July 2017). "Index of Historic Collectors and Dealers of Cubism, Zborowski". The Metropolitan Museum of Art. Retrieved 15 September 2020. A budding friendship with Moïse Kisling, whose rue Joseph Bara address Zborowski shared
  11. ^ "Jules Pascin (born Julius Mordecaï Pinkas)". Bureau d'art Ecole de Paris. 3 January 2019. Retrieved 15 September 2020. Pascin settled at 3 rue Joseph- Bara, where Kisling and Zborowski were already living.
  12. ^ California Arts & Architecture. J.D. Entenza. 1942. p. 13.
  13. ^ Elizabeth Campbell Karlsgodt, Defending National Treasures: French Art and Heritage Under Vichy, p. 44 (2011) Quote: "..the prominence of foreign Jewish artists such as Chaïm Soutine, Michel Kikoine, and Moïse Kisling. As a result, certain art critics such as Camille Mauclair claimed that foreign artists were contaminating the French artistic tradition."
  14. ^ a b "Moise Kisling, Noted Painter, Passes Away". Newspapers.com. Green Bay Press-Gazette. 29 April 1953. p. Page 6. Retrieved 15 September 2020.
  15. ^ a b "Obituary: Moise Kisling". Newspapers.com. The Guardian. 30 April 1953. p. 4. Retrieved 15 September 2020.
  16. ^ "Moise Kisling, Krakow Poland 1891 - 1953 Sanary-sur-Mer, France". Harvard Art Museums. Retrieved 12 September 2020.
  17. ^ "Moïse Kisling". Collections Online, British Museum. Retrieved 12 September 2020.
  18. ^ "Boy in Blue, ca. 1928". The Met. Retrieved 12 September 2020.
  19. ^ "Flowers, Moïse Kisling". Tokyo Fuji Art Museum. Retrieved 12 September 2020.
  20. ^ "Moise Kisling". The Israel Museum, Jerusalem. Retrieved 12 September 2020.
  21. ^ "Permanent collection". Ikeda 20 Seiki Museum.
  22. ^ "Moïse Kisling Biography". Artnet.com. Retrieved 15 September 2020.
  23. ^ Collectif, Double je Jacques Henri Lartigue, peintre et photographe, 1915-1939, Somogy éditions d'art, musée d'art et d'histoire Louis-Senlecq, 2010, p.128 ISBN 978-2-7572-0347-7.
  24. ^ L'affiche de l'exposition est conservée à L'Isle-Adam au Musée d'Art et d'Histoire Louis-Senlecq [fr].
  25. ^ "キスリング展 エコール・ド・パリの夢". キスリング展 エコール・ド・パリの夢 (in Japanese). Retrieved 17 April 2019.

Further reading[edit]

External links[edit]

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