Újezd (Krásná)
| Újezd | |||||
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| Basic data | |||||
| State : |
 Czech Republic
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| Region : | Karlovarský kraj | ||||
| District : | Cheb | ||||
| Municipality : | Krásná | ||||
| Area : | 709.3378 ha | ||||
| Geographic location : | 50 ° 15 ' N , 12 ° 7' E | ||||
| Height: | 617 m nm | ||||
| Residents : | 0 (2011) | ||||
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Újezd ( German Mähring ) is a basic settlement unit of the municipality of Krásná in the Czech Republic . Újezd was the westernmost village in Czechoslovakia and was officially dissolved in 1950.
geography
Geographical location
Újezd was six kilometers east of Rehau on the Czech-German border in the Smrčiny Nature Park. The location was on the right-hand side above the valley of the Újezdský potok / Mähringsbach in the Ašská vrchovina ( Ash Mountains ) and was surrounded by the Rehau Forest, the Peklo ( Hell Forest ) and the Kněžský les ( Pfaffenwald ). The Smrkovec (682 m nm) rises to the northeast, the Loupežník ( Raubhäuserberg , 702 m nm) and the Stráňka ( Gehängberg , 689 m nm) to the east, the Štítarský vrch ( Schilderberg , 716 m nm) to the south-east and the Mlýnský vrch to the west (602 m nm). Half kilometers west of Újezd is located at '' 50 ° 8.1 15 N , 12 ° 5 '27.9 " O the westernmost point in the Czech Republic. To the south is the Štítarský rybník ( Herrenteich ) pond .
Neighboring communities
Neighboring towns were Ludwig Brunn and Faßmannsreuth in the north, Pastviny in the Northeast, Kamenná and Černý Luh in the east, Ängerlein, Štítary and Neuhausen in the southeast, Štítarský Vrch ( signs Berg ), Dolina ( low Reuth ), Schönlind, Green Auermühle , Sophie Reuth and pearls house in the south, Röllmühle , Eulenhammer and Heinersberg in the southwest, Rehau in the west and Seelohe, Löwitz and Raitschin in the northwest.
Local division
The basic settlement unit Újezd is part of the district Krásná and forms the cadastral district Újezd u Krásné .
history
The village was probably founded in the 12th century. According to tradition, the first settler is said to have been a manorial gamekeeper who settled in the dense forest area. The first written mention of Merring was in 1331 as a property of the Lords of Neuberg . There was a festival in the village. At the transition from the 14th to the 15th century, the Lords of Zedtwitz acquired the village. With the support of the landlords, the teachings of Martin Luther were spread in the village from 1530, and the first Protestant service was held in 1542. Even after the Thirty Years' War, Merring remained Protestant for a long time, and in 1682 holding Protestant services was made a criminal offense. In 1688 the village consisted of 24 households. From 1747 the place was called Märing , in the 19th century the spelling Mähring was created .
In 1845 Mähring consisted of 43 houses with 273 inhabitants. There was a tavern in the village, and a mill with a board saw to the side. The village was parish to Asch or Niklasberg. Until the middle of the 19th century, Mähring remained subject to the Asch rulership .
After the abolition of patrimonial Mähring formed from 1849 a district of the community of Schönbach in the judicial district of Asch . In 1861 a school was built. From 1868 the village belonged to the Asch district . In 1885 a cemetery was set up in Mähring .
In 1904 Mähring broke away from Schönbach and formed its own community, which was the westernmost in Bohemia. The village was divided into the locations of Oberdorf ( Horní ves ), Unterdorf ( Dolní ves ) and Winkel ( Kout ) and the single-layer sawmill. In 1922 the district road to Schönbach was built. After the establishment of Czechoslovakia , the Czech place name Újezd was introduced in 1924 . In 1925 the Ludwig family had the old tavern and smithy, which had emerged from a farm built in 1817, demolished and replaced with a modern inn with a dance hall. Every two weeks the dance events in the “Gasthaus Ludwig” drew visitors from Asch and Bavaria to Mähring. In 1939 175 people lived in the 42 houses in the village. After the Munich Agreement , the community was added to the German district of Asch in 1938. After the Second World War, Újezd returned to Czechoslovakia and the German population was expelled in 1946 . Újezd was never repopulated and the abandoned village was plundered and devastated. When the Iron Curtain was erected, Újezd was in the restricted area between three border fences. The municipality of Újezd was officially abolished in 1950 and its corridors closed in Krásná. In 1953 all the houses in Újezd were blown up and the village razed to the ground. In the 1970s, a gang of border guards was stationed in the one-shift fern house near Újezd . After the Velvet Revolution , the restricted area and the observation post of the border guard in Farnhaus were dissolved. In 1990 the fallen memorial for the fallen was found and in 1992 it was set up again at the old location. In 2009 and 2010, three wind turbines were installed on the edge of the clearing where the village used to be to provide electricity to the municipality of Krásná. In 2010 a hiking trail was created that leads from Štítary past the dilapidated Farnhaus barracks through Újezd to the westernmost point of the Czech Republic.
Population development
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Culture and sights
- Memorial to the fallen of the First World War, consecrated in 1925. The monument, overturned when the village was destroyed, was rediscovered in 1990 and erected two years later. After the restoration and installation of a new plaque with the names of those who fell in World War II, the ceremonial consecration took place in October 2000.
- Former cemetery, restored in 2009
- Most western point of the Czech Republic with a boundary stone from 1844
- Historical landmark from 1740 near Dolina
- Burgstall Mähring, the overgrown hill lies in a marshy area in the former town center and is barely recognizable.
- Europabrücke - Most přátelství over the Újezdský potok / Mähringsbach , the wooden pedestrian bridge built in 2008 at the former sawmill connects the hiking trail to the border point with the Bavarian eastern route.
- Štítarský rybník pond
Web links
- Location description on asch-boehmen.de
- Description on zanikleobce.cz
- Description of the "Gasthaus Ludwig"
Individual evidence
- ↑ http://www.uir.cz/katastralni-uzemi/673374/Ujezd-u-Krasne
- ↑ http://www.uir.cz/zsj/07337/Ujezd
- ^ Johann Gottfried Sommer The Kingdom of Bohemia, Vol. 15 - Elbogen Circle , 1847, p. 372
- ^ Michael Rademacher: German administrative history from the unification of the empire in 1871 to the reunification in 1990. Asch district. (Online material for the dissertation, Osnabrück 2006).
- ↑ Historický lexikon obcí České republiky - 1869-2015. Český statistický úřad, December 18, 2015, accessed on February 9, 2016 (Czech).