★★★★

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Movie
Original title ★★★★
Country of production United States
original language English
Publishing year 1967
length 1500 minutes
Rod
Director Andy Warhol
production Andy Warhol
music The Velvet Underground
occupation

★★★★ (also known as Four Stars or 24 Hour Movie ) is a Underground - experimental film by Andy Warhol . It was filmed between August 1966 and September 1967 in Warhol's studio The Factory , in various locations in New York City , San Francisco , Sausalito , Philadelphia , Boston and Los Angeles in 16 mm format. The only performance to date took place on 15./16. December 1967 by the Film-makers' Cooperative in the New Cinema Playhouse (120 West 42nd Street, Manhattan ).

action

The components and the order of the overall film must be reconstructed. Stephen Koch listed the individual parts in his book Stargazer without paying attention to the order. The following (incomplete) list follows mainly Jonas Mekas , who understood it by viewing the (only partially labeled) film cans and talking to Paul Morrissey , Gerard Malanga and Warhol:

During the performance, two projectors were running, each throwing a roll of film onto a single screen, resulting in cross-fades and double projections.

background

The film is an elaborate assembly capability, other and total of Warhol's work as avant-garde director. The unusual title is a satirical allusion to the habit of contemporary film critics to rate cinematic products with stars, with four stars being the highest rating. The misnomer 24 Hour Movie comes from Warhol's biographer Victor Bockris , the artist himself referred to the film in his autobiographical book Popism as “twenty five hour movie”. Other critics linked the film with James Joyce's novel Ulysses , which also spans a full day.

After the only full showing, which only about 20 visitors, including Warhol himself, could get through, the film was cut. Parts of the complete works were shown later, including a 100-minute version of Imitation of Christ and as parts of I, A Man , Bike Boy and The Loves of Ondine . Most of the film rolls went to the archives and have not been viewed to this day.

"I knew we'd never do it in that long form again, so it was like real life, like our own life, what was flickering on the screen - it should pass us once and then we'd never see it again . "

- Andy Warhol

literature

  • Enno Patalas (ed.): Andy Warhol and his films: A documentary . Heyne, Munich 1971, ISBN 0-200-41991-9 .
  • Stephen Koch: Stargazer. The Life, World and Films of Andy Warhol . London 1974; Updated reissue by Marion Boyars, New York 2002, ISBN 0-7145-2920-6 .
  • Bernard Blistène (Ed.): Andy Warhol, Cinema: à l'occasion de l'Exposition Andy Warhol Rétrospective (21 June – 10 September 1990) organized à Paris par le Musée National d'Art Moderne au Center Georges Pompidou . Ed. du Center Georges Pompidou, Paris 1990, ISBN 2-908393-30-1 .
  • Debra Miller: Billy Name: Stills from the Warhol films . Prestel, Munich 1994, ISBN 3-7913-1367-3 .
  • Astrid Johanna Ofner (Ed.): Andy Warhol - Filmmaker. A retrospective of the Viennale and the Austrian Film Museum October 1 to 31, 2005 . Vienna 2005, ISBN 3-85266-282-6 .

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Andy Warhol, Pat Hackett: POPism. P. 252.