1. Paul's letter to the Corinthians
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The 1st letter of Paul to the Corinthians or 1st Corinthians ( Latin Epistula ad Corinthios I ; abbreviation: 1st Corinthians , 1st Corinthians , 1 Cor , 1 Cor or I Cor ) is a book of the New Testament of the Christian Bible . It has been divided into 16 chapters since the Middle Ages . In it Paul deals with a number of questions and issues of the Corinthian church .
Author and recipient
At the beginning of the letter Paul of Tarsus and his companion Sosthenes are mentioned as authors ( 1 Cor 1,1 LUT ). In the further course Paul then addresses the congregation consistently in the first person (starting with 1 Cor 1, 4 EU ), so that Paul is considered to be the actual author of the letter. There is no doubt among theologians about his authorship.
With two verses about the position of women ( 1 Cor 14.34–35 LUT ), which seem to contradict the rest of the letter, some researchers are considering whether they could be later additions ( interpolations ).
The recipient is the Christian community in the Greek port city of Corinth. Paul visited Corinth on his second missionary trip and stayed in the city for a year and six months ( Acts 18:11 LUT ). During this time, 50–51 AD, the Christian community in Corinth also emerged (cf. Acts 18 : 1–18 LUT ).
Dating
Paul wrote the first letter to the Corinthians probably around 55 AD during his third missionary journey, towards the end of his three-year service in Ephesus .
content
The objective of the first letter to the Corinthians is the "unity of the church founded in Jesus Christ in the face of its factual disruption". Already at the beginning Paul mentions that he learned of disputes in the Corinthian church ( 1 Cor 1.11 EU ). Before taking a position on the subject of marriage, Paul mentions a letter from the Corinthians in which they addressed this subject ( 1 Cor 7.1 EU ). Therefore, it is considered whether some statements at the beginning of a thematic section do not express the opinion of Paul, but the opinion of some Corinthians. According to this, Paul tries to show the Christians in Corinth a path “between arbitrariness and extreme ideals”. In doing so, he first cites a keyword for the respective position and then develops his own opinion step by step. Accordingly, one could put the respective entry in quotation marks (“Everything is allowed to me”, 1 Cor 6,12 EU ), or translate it as a question: “Is everything allowed to me?” In any case, when interpreting 1 Corinthians, one should consider that Paul responds to certain inquiries or opinions from Corinthian groups.
Important places
- If you have been called to be a slave, do not let it depress you; but if you can become free, better use it! ( 1 Cor 7,21 EU ). [The original Greek text is ambiguous here, however. Some texts emphasize that one should gratefully make use of the possibility of freedom.]
- The Spirit of God dwells in people who believe in Christ ( 1 Cor 3:16 EU ).
- Everything - including people - exist “through” Christ ( 1 Cor 8,6 EU ).
- Everything is allowed, but not everything is useful and not everything builds up ( 1 Cor 10.23 EU ).
- Lord's Supper (Eucharist / Last Supper) ( 1 Cor 11.23–26 EU )
- "For as the body is one and has many members, but all the members of the body, though many, are one body: so also is Christ." ( 1 Cor 12.12 EU )
- The Song of Songs of Love ( 1 Cor 13 : 1–13 EU ): The three Christian virtues of faith, hope and love ; popular sermon text for church weddings
- As usual, the women should be silent in the community meeting and ask their husbands at home ( 1 Cor 14.33b – 35 EU ); with a great history of impact and in tension with 1 Cor 11.5
- The testimony of the resurrection of Christ ( 1 Cor 15: 3–9 EU ).
- “You were bought at a high price, do not become the servants of men!” ( 1 Cor 7:23 LUT ), known as the confirmation saying .
See also
literature
Comments
- Helmut Merklein : The first letter to the Corinthians, chap. 1-4. (= ÖTK Volume 7.1) (GTB 511), Gütersloh 1992, ISBN 3-579-00511-1 .
- Helmut Merklein: The first letter to the Corinthians, chap. 5.1-11.1. (= ÖTK Volume 7.2) (GTB 512), Gütersloh 2000, ISBN 3-579-00512-X .
- Helmut Merklein, Marlis Gielen : The first letter to the Corinthians, chap. 11.2-16.24. (= ÖTK Volume 7.3) (GTB 513), Gütersloh 2005, ISBN 3-579-00551-0 .
- Andreas Lindemann : The First Letter to the Corinthians (= HNT 9 / I), Tübingen 2000, ISBN 3-16-147473-2 br. or 3-16-147410-4 Ln.
- Erik Peterson : The First Letter to the Corinthians and Pauline Studies. Edited from the estate by Hans-Ulrich Weidemann. (= Selected Writings 7). Würzburg 2006, ISBN 978-3-429-02835-0 .
- Eckhard J. Schnabel : Paul's first letter to the Corinthians (= HTA.NT), Wuppertal / Gießen 2006, ISBN 3-417-29724-9 .
- Dieter Zeller : The first letter to the Corinthians (= KEK Volume 5), Göttingen 2010, ISBN 978-3-525-51534-1 .
- Cornelia Cyss Crocker: Reading 1 Corinthians in the twenty-first century , T & T Clark International, New York 2004, ISBN 0-567-02600-0 .
- Paul D. Gardner: 1. Corinthians . Zondervan, Grand Rapids 2018, ISBN 978-0-310-24369-4 .
Monographs, journal articles
- Hermann Probst: Paul and the letter. The rhetoric of the ancient letter as a form of the Pauline Corinthian correspondence. Tübingen 1991.
- Mark Finney: Honor, Head-coverings and Headship: 1 Corinthians 11.2-16 in its Social Context . In: Journal for the Study of the New Testament 33/1 (2010), pp. 31-58. ( PDF )
Web links
- Information about the 1st Corinthians on bibelwissenschaft.de
- Interpretation and scientific literature on First Corinthians
- Read 1. Corinthians letter online (Luther 1984) These and over 40 other current and historical Bible translations at Bibleserver.com .
- First letter of Paul to the Corinthians at bibel-online (Luther 1912 translation)
Single receipts
- ↑ Udo Schnelle : Introduction to the New Testament . Göttingen 1996, p. 91.
- ↑ Thomas Schirrmacher : Paul in the fight against the veil. An alternative interpretation of 1 Corinthians 11: 2-16 . 5th edition, VTR, Nürnberg 2002, ISBN 3-933372-45-3 , pp. 87–117 (Chapter 4: Quotes and irony in 1st Corinthians).
- ^ Franz Graf-Stuhlhofer : Basis preach. Foundations of the Christian Faith in Sermons. VTR, Nuremberg 2010, p. 130 f.
- ↑ Graf-Stuhlhofer: Basis predigen , 2010, p. 131. The standard translation not only puts 1. Cor 6.12 in quotation marks, but also 1 Cor 7.1 EU .