KSR-2

KSR-2
KSR-2 in the Poltava Museum
General Information
Type	Air-to-surface missile
Local name	KSR-2, KSR-11
NATO designation	AS-5 Celt
Country of origin	Soviet Union
Manufacturer	Mikoyan & Raduga Design Office
development	1958
Commissioning	1962
Working time	1962-1990
Technical specifications
length	KSR-2 : 8.65 m KSR-11 : 8.70 m
diameter	1,000 mm
Combat weight	KSR-2 : 4,077 kg KSR-11 : 3,983 kg
span	4,522 mm
First stage drive	Rocket motor for liquid fuel
speed	1,250 km / h
Range	KSR-2 : 250 km KSR-11 : 170 km
Service ceiling	10,000 m
Furnishing
steering	Inertial navigation platform
Target location	KSR-2 : active radar seeker head KSR-11 : passive radar seeker
Warhead	KSR-2 : 850 kg shaped charge or nuclear 1.0 MT KSR-11 : 850 kg fragmentation warhead
Detonator	Proximity and impact fuses
Weapon platforms	Tupolev Tu-16 Badger
Lists on the subject

The KSR-2 ( Russian КСР-2 , NATO code name AS-5 Kelt ) was an air-to-surface missile from Soviet production. It served to combat ships and ground-based radar systems.

development

The KSR-2 was developed as a successor to the KS-1 Komet . The aim was to develop an anti-ship missile that could achieve a range of around 200 km. In addition, it should also be possible to combat land targets. Development began in 1958 and took place at Mikojan and in the Raduga design office . The Tupolev Tu-16 Badger was to be used as the primary deployment platform . The first flight attempts were carried out in 1958. Finally, in February 1962, the KSR-2 was introduced to the Soviet Air Force . The KSR-2 was given the NATO code name AS-5 Kelt-A .

Based on the KSR-2, the development of the anti-radar guided missile KSR-11 (NATO code name) AS-5 Kelt-B began in 1959 . This version was introduced to the Soviet Air Force in 1969.

technology

The guided missile was designed to sink a large ship with a displacement of 10,000 tons with a single hit, or at least render it inoperable. With the nuclear variant, an entire fleet could have been destroyed in one fell swoop.

The structure of the KSR-2 was similar to that of an airplane. The missile consisted of a streamlined fuselage with two wings , two elevators and a tail unit . The wings had a sweep of 55 ° and two boundary layer fences .

The KSR-2 missile was part of the K-16 fire control system installed in the Tupolev Tu-16K bomber . The K-16 consisted mainly of the search radar Rubin-1K ( NATO code : Shorthorn), the DISS 1 -Navigationsradar and the AP-6E - autopilot . The Tu-16 was able to transport two guided missiles on the BD-352 wing pylons. In order to start the missile, the approximate position and course of the target had to be determined in the fire control system using radar or ELINT . The data was passed on to the guided missile's AP-72-4 autopilot . After that, the missile could be launched from an altitude range of 1,500-10,000 m and a speed range of 400-500 km / h. The KSR-2 was propelled by a two-chamber liquid propellant Isayev S2-721 . The missile hull contained 630 liters of TG-02 fuel and 990 liters of AK-20 oxidizer . The rocket had to be refueled with the toxic liquids immediately before it was deployed on the base . After being released from the aircraft, there was initially a seven-second idle phase to ensure sufficient distance from the aircraft. Then the rocket engine ignited in the stern. The engine developed a maximum thrust of 1.22  kN . During the cruise flight the thrust was 0.71 kN. In the first 40 seconds of the missile flight, the missile could be supplied with updated target data from the take-off aircraft via a data link. The flight took place in the target area using the inertial navigation platform at a height of 9,100 m. The active radar seeker head working in the J-band was activated for the target approach . The target approach took place in a steep dive. Primarily, the KSR-2 was for the control of sea targets with the 850 kg heavy 2 FK- - shaped charge warhead equipped, the detonated on impact.

As a cruise missile, the KSR-2 could be used against stationary radar-reflecting land targets. After the target was identified by radar, the missile was programmed the appropriate course before launch. The flight to the target area took place autonomously with the help of the inertial navigation platform; the active radar search head was not used. The mean accuracy ( CEP ) was 1.8–3.7 km. When fighting land targets, the KSR-2 was equipped with a thermonuclear warhead with an explosive power of 1.0 MT .

The KSR-11 version was used to hold down enemy air defense . Your seeker switched to the frequency of the enemy radar and uses this to hit the radar position. The KSR-11 used the passive 2PRG-11 radar search head for this purpose. The K-16 fire control system was again used on board the Tu-16 to record the radar radiation. Once the radar receiver had received and evaluated radar radiation, the target data could be passed on to the KSR-11 missile. After take-off, the KSR-11 flew towards the radar system with the help of the passive seeker head and the autopilot. The KSR-11 was equipped with the 850 kg FA-11 fragmentation warhead. This was detonated with a proximity fuse .

variants

• KSR-2: 1st series version introduced in 1962.
• KSR-2M: 2nd serial version introduced in 1967. With improved electronics and a more powerful Issajew S5.6.0000 engine . Reduced starting height of 500 m.
• KRM-2 (MW-1): Developed from the KSR-2 guided missile. Target display missile ( target drone ) for training air defense units. Range 376 km, max. Flight time 433 seconds.
• KSR-2P: Forerunner of the KSR-11.
• KSR-11: Anti-radar guided missile based on the KSR-2P. Introduced in 1966.

Calls

During the Yom Kippur War , Egyptian Tu-16 bombers fired 13 KSR-2 and 12 KSR-11. According to Israeli data, 20 of these rockets were successfully fought and shot down. The remaining rockets hit two radar sites and a supply base in Sinai .

During the Iraq-Iran War , Iraq deployed a number of KSR-2s against targets on mainland Iran .

distribution

•  Egypt
•  Iraq
•  Soviet Union

status

In the Soviet Union, the KSR-2 was replaced by the Ch-26 from 1973 . The last weapons were scrapped in 1990. The KSR-2 was taken out of service in the exporting countries at the end of the 1980s.

Individual evidence

1. ↑ ^{a b c} The air-to-ground guided missile system AS-5 Kelt DTIG - Defense Threat Information Group, May 1999
2. ↑ ^{a b c} rbase.new-factoria.ru , accessed on September 16, 2014
3. ↑ ^{a b c} KSR-2, airwar.ru , accessed on September 16, 2014
4. ↑ ^{a b c} KSR-11, airwar.ru , accessed on September 16, 2014
5. ^ ^{A b c d} Jane's Strategic Weapon Systems. Issue 44, Ducan Lennox, Jane's Information Group
6. ↑ fas.org , accessed September 16, 2014
7. ↑ Michal Fiszer: Crimson SEAD. Journal of Electronic Defense (JED), January 2003.
8. ↑ ausairpower.net , accessed on September 16, 2014
9. ↑ Tom Cooper , Farzad Bishop , Arthur Hubers, Ahmad Sadik: Bombed by Blinders - Part December 2 , 2010, archived from the original on August 22, 2012 ; accessed on October 23, 2018 (English, original website no longer available).