Agave duplicata

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Agave duplicata
Systematics
Order : Asparagales (Asparagales)
Family : Asparagaceae (Asparagaceae)
Subfamily : Agave family (Agavoideae)
Genre : Agaves ( agave )
Subgenus : Manfreda
Type : Agave duplicata
Scientific name
Agave duplicata
Thiede & Eggli

Agave duplicata is a species of the agave genus( Agave ) in the subfamily of the agave family (Agavoideae). The specific epithet duplicata comes from Latin , means 'double' and refers to the fact that a new species name was necessary when the species was placed in the genus Agave .

description

Agave duplicata has fleshy, tufted roots . The one to five ascending to stretched soft leaves stand together in a basal rosette and arise from a narrow, egg-shaped bulb , or there are one to three additional leaves in the bottom centimeters of the stem base. They are linear or broadly linear, widest in the middle and tapering to a point. Their leaf blades are 15 to 30 (rarely up to 50) centimeters long and 5 to 15 (rarely from 1.5) millimeters wide. It is occasionally spotted red near the base of the leaf. The leaf margins are thin, pale and pitted, somewhat gnawed and sometimes evenly papillary .

The "eared" inflorescence reaches a height of 50 to 90 (rarely up to 140) centimeters. The flower-bearing part is 10 to 20 (rarely up to 40) centimeters long and carries four to twelve (rarely up to 16) flower-bearing nodes with flowers arranged in pairs . However, often only one is developed. The rapidly ascending flower stalk is 4 to 6 (rarely up to 8) millimeters long and is 8 to 13 (rarely from 5) millimeters long at the fruiting time. The upright ovary is ellipsoidal. The tepals are colored light red, coral pink, red, orange red or scarlet red. Sometimes they are green towards the tips. For anthesis , the flower tube is strongly bent outwards from near its base and the flowers are almost horizontal or they are bent. The stem-round flower tube is slender at its base. From near or below its center it is expanded. The flower tube is usually 14 to 20 (rarely up to 23) millimeters long. Their short and spreading tips are 1.5 to 3 millimeters long and just as wide. The outer tips are larger than the inner ones. The stylus has three flat and spread out lobes that are shorter than 1 millimeter. They bloom from June to August, and occasionally into November.

The short elongated or almost spherical fruits are about 7 to 10 millimeters long and 7 to 8 millimeters wide. They contain wedge-shaped, sharp-edged seeds 2.5 to 3 millimeters in length.

Systematics and distribution

Agave duplicata is common in Mexico . The range of Agave duplicata subsp. duplicata extends over the Mexican states of Nayarit , Guanajuato , Jalisco , Michoacán , Guerrero , México , the Federal District , Oaxaca and Hidalgo . It grows mainly on rocky slopes in oak or pine forests, especially in the transmexican volcanic belt at altitudes of 2200 to 2800 meters (rarely above 1000 meters).

The first description as Bravoa geminiflora by Juan José Martinez de Lexarza was published in 1824. Joachim Thiede and Urs Eggli placed the species in the genus Agave in 1999 . They had to choose a new name, as the Agave geminiflora (Tagl.) Ker Gawl species was already there . (1817) existed.

Further nomenclature synonyms are Polianthes geminiflora (Lex.) Rose (1903) and Coetocapnia geminiflora (Lex.) Link & Otto (1828). Other synonyms are Bravoa coetocapnia M.Roem. and Bravoa geminiflora Hemsl. (1884, nom. Invalid ICBN -Article 61.1)

The species belongs to the subgenus Manfreda and is assigned to the Polianthes group there. Agave duplicata is quite variable and widespread. The following subspecies are distinguished:

  • Agave duplicata subsp. duplicata
  • Agave duplicata subsp. clivicola (McVaugh) Thiede & Eggli
  • Agave duplicata subsp. graminifolia (rose) Thiede & Eggli

A hybrid named Bravoa × kewensis with the species Agave bulliana from the Prochnyanthes group was first mentioned in 1889.

Agave duplicata subsp. clivicola
The differences to Agave duplicata subsp. duplicata are: Agave duplicata subsp. clivicola has somewhat shiny, slack leaves that are usually 25 to 30 (rarely 15 to 48) centimeters long and 1.5 to 2.5 (rarely up to 3.7) centimeters wide. Their edges are usually very narrowly rolled back and have very thin, light, pitted, or hyaline edges. They are smooth and have entire margins, and only rarely roughened indistinctly. The inflorescence becomes 70 to 125 centimeters high, the flower-bearing part is 20 to 40 (rarely up to 60) centimeters long and carries six to 16 far apart flower-bearing nodes.

Agave duplicata subsp. clivicola is widespread in the Mexican states of Jalisco and Michoacán on mostly steep, shady slopes, in ravines and runways in pine-oak forests at altitudes of 1200 to 2150 meters (rarely above 900 meters). The flowering period extends from July to September.

The first description as Polianthes geminiflora var. Clivicola by Rogers McVaugh was published in 1989. Joachim Thiede and Urs Eggli raised the variety to the rank of a subspecies in 1999 and at the same time placed it in the genus Agave .

Agave duplicata subsp. graminifolia
The differences to Agave duplicata subsp. duplicata are: The underside of the leaves is on the veins and along the leaf margins comb-like, short-bristled with thick, upright, blunt, glandular hairs 0.1 to 0.2 millimeters long. Exposed parts of the leaf sheaths and - to a lesser extent - the lower stem parts are similarly downy-haired.

Agave duplicata subsp. graminifolia is widespread in the Mexican states of Zacatecas , Aguascalientes , Jalisco and possibly Guanajuato in grasslands, on rocky slopes and grassy clearings in oak forests at altitudes of 2000 to 2250 meters (possibly from 1400 meters). The flowering period extends from July to September.

The first description as Polianthes graminifolia by Joseph Nelson Rose was published in 1903. Rogers McVaugh introduced the species in 1989 as a variety to the species Polianthes geminiflora . Joachim Thiede and Urs Eggli raised the variety to the rank of a subspecies in 1999 and at the same time placed it in the genus Agave .

proof

literature

  • Joachim Thiede: Agave duplicata . In: Urs Eggli (Hrsg.): Succulent lexicon. Monocotyledons . Eugen Ulmer, Stuttgart 2001, ISBN 3-8001-3662-7 , pp. 27 .

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Urs Eggli, Leonard E. Newton: Etymological Dictionary of Succulent Plant Names . Springer, Berlin / Heidelberg 2010, ISBN 978-3-642-05597-3 , p. 70.
  2. ↑ Pablo de La Llave , Juan Jose Martinez de Lexarza: Novorum Vegetabilium Descriptiones . Volume 1, 1824, p. 6 (online) .
  3. ↑ a b c Joachim Thiede, Urs Eggli: Inclusion of Manfreda Salisbury, Polianthes Linné and Prochnyanthes S. Watson in Agave Linné (Agavaceae) . In: Cacti and other succulents . Volume 50, Number 5, 1999, pp. 109-113 (online) .
  4. ^ John Bellenden Ker-Gawler: An Account of a New Species of Agave, from the "Biblioteca Italiana." Milan 1816 . In: Journal of Science and the Arts . Volume 2, London 1817, pp. 86–90 (online)
  5. ^ Joseph Nelson Rose: Studies of Mexican and Central American Plants - No. 3 . In: Contributions from the United States National Herbarium . Volume 8, Part 1, 1903, p. 12 (online) .
  6. ^ Johann Heinrich Friedrich Link, Christoph Friedrich Otto: Icones Plantarum Rariorum Horti Regii Botanici Berolinensis cum descriptionibus et colendi ratione . 1st chapter. 1828, p. 35, plate 18.
  7. ^ Max J. Roemer: Familiarum naturalium regni vegetabilis synopses monographicae; seu, Enumeratio omnium plantarum hucusque detectarum secundum ordines naturales, genera et species digestarum, additis diagnosibus, synonymis, novarumque vel minus cognitarum descriptionibus . 1847, pp. 245-246 (online) .
  8. ^ William Botting Hemsley: Biologia Centrali-Americani; or, Contributions to the Knowledge of the Fauna and Flora of Mexico and Central America . Volume 3, 1884, p. 338 (online) .
  9. ↑ Rogers McVaugh: Flora Novo-Galiciana. A descriptive account of the vascular plants of Western Mexico . Volume 15: Bromeliaceae to Dioscoreaceae, University of Michigan Herbarium, Ann Arbor 1989, p. 250.
  10. ^ Joseph Nelson Rose: Studies of Mexican and Central American Plants - No. 3 . In: Contributions from the United States National Herbarium . Volume 8, Part 1, 1903, pp. 11-12 (online) .
  11. ↑ Rogers McVaugh: Flora Novo-Galiciana. A descriptive account of the vascular plants of Western Mexico . Volume 15: Bromeliaceae to Dioscoreaceae, University of Michigan Herbarium, Ann Arbor 1989, p. 251.

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