Pablo de la Llave

from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

Pablo de la Llave y Fernández de Ávila (born February 11, 1773 in Córdoba , † June 16, 1833 ibid) was a Mexican priest, politician, botanist and naturalist. He died in the hacienda de Corral near Córdoba. Its botanical abbreviation is La Llave .

Live and act

His father was the captain of the Tres Villas militia army Francisco Antonio de la Llave. His mother Gertrudis de Avilla came from a well-off family and therefore enjoyed an excellent education. When his father died in 1785 at the tender age of 12, he was not deterred and continued studying hard at the Colegio de San Juan de Letrán . In 1791 he gave his first philosophy course at the Colegio.

After Pablo de la Llave was ordained a priest in 1801, he traveled to Spain to seek advice from his brother Francisco, who was now the head of the family. There he undoubtedly wanted to advance his ecclesiastical career with the Church of the Court , since during their rule the Creoles preferred to give the mitras and canons to priests who were born on the Iberian Peninsula. For priests from other countries they questioned the sinecure .

In Spain he expanded his language skills and learned several languages, including a. French and Hebrew. He devoted himself to the cultivation of plants in the natural sciences and became so famous that he became director of the Botanical Garden of Madrid under Charles III. was appointed. At the same time he got the professorship in this science in Madrid. In recognition of his achievement, he was made canon of the Cathedral of El Burgo de Osma , a position he held for several years.

When he was elected as a member of the Spanish parliament in 1812 , he was noticed by his liberal ideas and his liking for the independence of his home country. So he ended up under Ferdinand VII like José Miguel Ramos Arizpe (1775-1843) in prison. After independence from Spain was recognized in 1821, he wanted to return to Mexico. For this he had to go through France, since relations between Mexico and Madrid were disrupted.

In 1823 he returned to Mexico City and was appointed Minister of Justice and Church Economics. He held this office until 1825. The following year he went to Valladolid to serve as canon and treasurer of the local cathedral . In 1828 he returned to Mexico City and in 1830 became chairman of the Senate Chamber. In the Colección de las leyes y decretos expedidos por el Congreso General de los Estados-Unidos Mejicanos, en los años de 1829 y 1830, there are some resolutions in which de La Llave participated.

At the beginning of 1833 he moved back to the Hazienda de Corral due to a severe bowel disease in the hope of regaining his health through the temperature change. But his hopes were not fulfilled and so he died on the hacienda. Despite his long stay in Spain, La Llave was always an avowed Mexican patriot at heart . As a priest, his behavior was considered flawless, in his public function he was considered a man of honor.

La Llave the Scientist

The Spanish government sent in 1791 under the leadership of Martín Sessé y Lacasta (1751-1808) an expedition in 1794 to the viceroyalty of New Spain . There were José Longinos Martínez (1756–1802), José Mariano Mociño (1757–1820), Vicente Cervantes Mendo (1758–1829), Juan Diego del Castillo (1744–1793), Jaime Senseve (-1805), José Maldonado and Andrés Manuel del Río Fernández (1764-1829). Sessé and Mociño returned to Spain in 1803. While still active in Madrid, de La Llave, together with Mociño, classified 300 bird hides that Mociño had collected on the trip and sent to the Natural History Cabinet in Madrid.

Together with Juan José Martinez de Lexarza (1785-1824) he published two volumes under the title Novorum Vegetabilium Descriptiones . The volumes also contain new names for science, such as the genus Calibrachoa and Montanoa described by Vicente Cervantes or the genus Casimiroa described by La Llave with the likewise new species Casimiroa edulis , Roldana with the species Roldana lobata and Zexmenia with the species Zexmenia serrata . Also Lipari vexillifera (Syn: Cymbidium vexilliferum ) dichromanthus cinnabarinus (Syn: Neottia cinnabarina ) and stenorrhynchos michuacanum (Syn: Neottia michuacana ) were first described in these volumes. Furthermore, de La Llave published many scientific articles in Registro trimestre, ó, Colección de historia, literatura, ciencias y artes . So from these u. a. the new species Jarilla heterophylla (Syn: Mocinna heterophilla ) and Pectis linearis emerged. He was also in this journal the first to describe Quetzal ( Pharomachrus mocinno de la Llave , 1832) and the Braunschwanzamazilie ( Amazilia tzacatl ( de la Llave , 1833)). With the first description of the quetzal, he introduced the new genus Pharomachrus at the same time . By him as Formica melligera described Schuppenameisenart will be named today Myrmecocystus Melliger ( de la Llave out in 1833), but there are in science the opinion that de la Llaves name a noun dubium and the author Myrmecocystus Melliger Forel , 1886 must be called. Many of his articles from Registro trimestre were later translated into French by Auguste Sallé in the journal Revue et magasin de zoologie pure et appliquée .

De La Llave was in correspondence with many European scientists. His botanical and zoological contributions were valued at home and abroad alike. Always nobly and generously, he also supports young researchers with advice and appropriate resources to promote their careers.

Dedication names

1875 led Victor Antoine Signoret the scale insects species Llaveia for the type Llaveia axin ( de la Llave one, 1832). The La Llave pine ( Pinus llaveana ) described by Christian Julius Wilhelm Schiede . from the pine family is now considered a synonym for Pinus cembroides . In 1836 Diederich named Franz Leonhard von Schlechtendal a buttercup family Ranunculus llaveanus . In 1840 John Lindley named a species of orchid Spiranthes llaveana , which is now listed under Schiedeella llaveana . Juan José Martinez de Lexarza honored him in the 1824 in the loosestrife family Cuphea llavea , which is led today under Parsonsia llavea . The Windengewächseart Ipomoea llaveana that Carl Daniel Friedrich Meisner 1869 described, is dedicated to him. Finally gave John Claudius Loudon in 1839 a Portulakgewächseart the name Calandrinia llavea .

The plant genus Llavea Lag. From the tree fern family (Pteridaceae) is named after La Llave.

Works (selection)

  • with Juan José Martinez de Lexarza: Novorum Vegetabilium Descriptiones. tape 1 . Apud Martinum Riveram, Mexico City 1824 ( bibdigital.rjb.csic.es ).
  • with Juan José Martinez de Lexarza: Novorum Vegetabilium Descriptiones . tape 2 . Apud Martinum Riveram, Mexico City 1825 ( bibdigital.rjb.csic.es ).
  • Apuntes para la historia de los ruidos subterraneos . In: Registro trimestre, ó, Colección de historia, literatura, ciencias y artes . tape 1 , no. 1 , 1832, p. 35-38 ( biodiversitylibrary.org ).
  • Sobre dos géneros nuevas de vegetales, por el mismo . In: Registro trimestre, ó, Colección de historia, literatura, ciencias y artes . tape 1 , no. 1 , 1832, p. 39-41 ( biodiversitylibrary.org ).
  • Memoria sobre de Quetzaltotol, Género nueva de Aves . In: Registro trimestre, ó, Colección de historia, literatura, ciencias y artes . tape 1 , no. 1 , 1832, p. 43-49 ( biodiversitylibrary.org ).
  • Memoria sobre la dulzura del clima de México demonstrada por los vegetales . In: Registro trimestre, ó, Colección de historia, literatura, ciencias y artes . tape 1 , no. 1 , 1832, p. 107-115 ( biodiversitylibrary.org ).
  • Adiciones a la memoria sobre ruidos subterraneos . In: Registro trimestre, ó, Colección de historia, literatura, ciencias y artes . tape 1 , no. 2 , 1832, p. 117-122 ( biodiversitylibrary.org ).
  • Memoria sobre una nueva especie de zapote . In: Registro trimestre, ó, Colección de historia, literatura, ciencias y artes . tape 1 , no. 2 , 1832, p. 135-140 ( biodiversitylibrary.org ).
  • Sobre tres especies nuevas del género tetrao . In: Registro trimestre, ó, Colección de historia, literatura, ciencias y artes . tape 1 , no. 2 , 1832, p. 141-146 ( biodiversitylibrary.org ).
  • Sobre el axin, especie nueva de coccus, y sobre la grasa que de él se estrae . In: Registro trimestre, ó, Colección de historia, literatura, ciencias y artes . tape 1 , no. 2 , 1832, p. 147-152 ( biodiversitylibrary.org ).
  • Memoria sobre el ahuautle . In: Registro trimestre, ó, Colección de historia, literatura, ciencias y artes . tape 1 , no. 3 , 1832, p. 331-337 ( biodiversitylibrary.org ).
  • Sobre una nueva especie de cedrela . In: Registro trimestre, ó, Colección de historia, literatura, ciencias y artes . tape 1 , no. 3 , 1832, p. 339-343 ( biodiversitylibrary.org ).
  • Descripcion de algunos géneros y especies nuevas de vegetalales . In: Registro trimestre, ó, Colección de historia, literatura, ciencias y artes . tape 1 , no. 3 , 1832, p. 345-358 ( biodiversitylibrary.org ).
  • Memoria sobre un ramo de lujo entre los romanos . In: Registro trimestre, ó, Colección de historia, literatura, ciencias y artes . tape 1 , no. 3 , 1832, p. 363-368 ( biodiversitylibrary.org ).
  • Estadistica . In: Registro trimestre, ó, Colección de historia, literatura, ciencias y artes . tape 1 , no. 3 , 1832, p. 369-370 ( biodiversitylibrary.org ).
  • Historia Agricola . In: Registro trimestre, ó, Colección de historia, literatura, ciencias y artes . tape 1 , no. 3 , 1832, p. 371-373 ( biodiversitylibrary.org ).
  • Historia Fabril . In: Registro trimestre, ó, Colección de historia, literatura, ciencias y artes . tape 1 , no. 3 , 1832, p. 375-378 ( biodiversitylibrary.org ).
  • Sobre una nueva especie de salvia . In: Registro trimestre, ó, Colección de historia, literatura, ciencias y artes . tape 1 , no. 4 , 1832, p. 441-448 ( biodiversitylibrary.org ).
  • Descripcion de un género nuevo y de algunas especies de vegetales . In: Registro trimestre, ó, Colección de historia, literatura, ciencias y artes . tape 1 , no. 4 , 1832, p. 449-453 ( biodiversitylibrary.org ).
  • Sobre las busileras and hormigas de miel . In: Registro trimestre, ó, Colección de historia, literatura, ciencias y artes . tape 1 , no. 4 , 1832, p. 455-463 ( biodiversitylibrary.org ).
  • Zoologia . In: Registro trimestre, ó, Colección de historia, literatura, ciencias y artes . tape 2 , no. 5 , 1833, pp. 39-50 ( biodiversitylibrary.org ).
  • Sobre cuatro nuevas de Salvia . In: Registro trimestre, ó, Colección de historia, literatura, ciencias y artes . tape 2 , no. 5 , 1833, pp. 61-66 ( biodiversitylibrary.org ).
  • Syngenesis. Polygamia superflua . In: Registro trimestre, ó, Colección de historia, literatura, ciencias y artes . tape 2 , no. 5 , 1833, pp. 67-69 ( biodiversitylibrary.org ).
  • Materia medica vegetal . In: Registro trimestre, ó, Colección de historia, literatura, ciencias y artes . tape 2 , no. 5 , 1833, pp. 71-83 ( biodiversitylibrary.org ).
  • Salud Publica . In: Registro trimestre, ó, Colección de historia, literatura, ciencias y artes . tape 2 , no. 5 , 1833, pp. 85-95 ( biodiversitylibrary.org ).
  • Mineralogia . In: Registro trimestre, ó, Colección de historia, literatura, ciencias y artes . tape 2 , no. 5 , 1833, pp. 97-102 ( biodiversitylibrary.org ).
  • Economica Domestica . In: Registro trimestre, ó, Colección de historia, literatura, ciencias y artes . tape 2 , no. 5 , 1833, pp. 103-110 ( biodiversitylibrary.org ).

literature

  • Vincente Cervantes: Chirostemon, a new, rare and strange plant . In: garden newspaper or repertory of new, non-profit and worth knowing things in all branches of the gardening guild . tape 3 , 1805, pp. 121–394 ( reader.digitale-sammlungen.de ).
  • Congreso General: Colección de las leyes y decretos expedidos por el Congreso General de los Estados-Unidos Mejicanos, en los años de 1829 y 1830 . Impresa de Galvan, Mexico City 1831 ( books.google.de ).
  • Ana Maria Huerta Jaramillo: Pablo de la Llave, un Ilustrador entro dos Siglos y dos Mundos . In: Llull: Revista de la Sociedad Española de Historia de las Ciencias y de las Técnicas . tape 22 , no. 44 , 1998, pp. 421–430 (Spanish, documat.unirioja.es [PDF; 444 kB ]).
  • Mariano Lagasca y Segura: Genera et species plantarum, quae aut novae sunt aut nondum recte cognoscuntur . Typographia Regia, Madrid 1816 ( archive.org ).
  • John Lindley in George Bentham: Plantas Hartwegianas imprimis mexicanas adjectis nonnullis Grahamianis enumerat novasque describit . G. Pamplin, London 1839 ( biodiversitylibrary.org ).
  • John Claudius Loudon: Loudon's Hortus britannicus: a catalog of all the plants indigenous, cultivated in, or introduced to Britain. Part I. The Linnaean arrangement: part II. The Jussieuean arrangement . Printed for Longman, Rees, Orme, Brown, and Green & Longman, London 1839 ( biodiversitylibrary.org ).
  • Carl Daniel Friedrich Meisner: Flora Brasiliensis, enumeratio plantarum in Brasilia hactenus detectarum quas suis aliorumque botanicorum studiis des descriptas et methodo naturali digestas partim icone illustratas . tape 7 . Apud Frid. Fleischer in Comm, Munich & Leipzig 1869 ( biodiversitylibrary.org - 1856–1871).
  • Auguste Sallé: Mémoires d'Histoire Naturelle du docteur D. Pablo de la Llave, extraits du Registro trimestre (1) publié à Mexico en 1832 (translation Sallé) . In: Revue et magasin de zoologie pure et appliquée (=  series 2 ). tape 13 , 1861, p. 23-33 ( biodiversitylibrary.org ).
  • Auguste Sallé: Ahuatle, notice, par M. de la Llave, extraite du Registro trimestre o collection de Memoires de historia, literature, ciencas y artes, por una sociedad de literatos. Mexico, julio de 1832, no 3, pag. 331 (translation by Sallé) . In: Revue et magasin de zoologie pure et appliquée (=  series 2 ). tape 14 , 1862, p. 222-223 ( biodiversitylibrary.org ).
  • Auguste Sallé: Ahuatle, notice, par M. de la Llave, extraite du Registro trimestre o collection de Memoires de historia, literature, ciencas y artes, por una sociedad de literatos. Mexico, julio de 1832, no 3, pag. 331 (translation by Sallé) . In: Revue et magasin de zoologie pure et appliquée (=  series 2 ). tape 14 , 1862, p. 251-255 ( biodiversitylibrary.org ).
  • Auguste Sallé: Ahuatle, notice, par M. de la Llave etc. (Voir 351) (translation by Sallé) . In: Revue et magasin de zoologie pure et appliquée (=  series 2 ). tape 14 , 1862, p. 282 ( biodiversitylibrary.org ).
  • Christian Julius Wilhelm Schiede in Diederich Franz Leonhard von Schlechtendal: Preliminary news about the Mexican conifers . In: Linnaea; A journal for botany in its entirety (=  12 ). tape 4 , 1838, pp. 486-496 ( biodiversitylibrary.org ).
  • Diederich Franz Leonhard von Schlechtendal: De Plantis Mexicanis a G. Schiede M. Dre collectis nuntium . In: Linnaea; A journal for botany in its entirety (=  10 ). tape 3 , 1836, pp. 233-254 ( biodiversitylibrary.org ).
  • Victor Antoine Signoret: Essai sur les Cochenilles ou Gallinsectes (Homoptère -Coccides) . In: Annales de la Société entomologique de France (=  5 ). tape 5 , 1875, p. 305-394 ( biodiversitylibrary.org ).
  • Francisco de Sosa: Pablo de la Llave in Biografías de mexicanos distinguidos . Oficina Tipografica de la Secretaria de Formento, Mexico City 1884, p. 564–567 (Spanish, cdigital.dgb.uanl.mx [PDF; 4.0 MB ]).
  • Luis G. Urbina, Pedro Henríquez Urena, Nicolás Rangel: Pablo de la Llave in Antología del Centenario Estudio documentado de la literatura mexicana durante el primer Siglo de Independencia (1800–1821) Obra compilada bajo la dirección maestro Justo Sierra . tape 2 . Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City 1985, ISBN 968-83751-5-2 , pp. 303-304 (Spanish, books.google.de ).

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ a b Francisco de Sosa, p. 564.
  2. ↑ a b c d e Francisco de Sosa, p. 565.
  3. ↑ Congreso General, pp. 124–126.
  4. ↑ Vicente Cervantes Mendo, p. 121.
  5. ↑ Luis G. Urbina et al. a., p. 303.
  6. ^ Francisco de Sosa, p. 566.
  7. ↑ Victor Antoine Signoret, p. 370.
  8. ^ Christian Julius Wilhelm Schiede, p. 488.
  9. ^ Diederich Franz Leonhard von Schlechtendal, p. 233.
  10. ^ John Lindley, p. 72.
  11. ↑ Juan José Martinez de Lexarza in Novorum Vegetabilium Descriptiones , p. 20.
  12. ^ Carl Daniel Friedrich Meisner, p. 219.
  13. ^ John Claudius Loudon, p. 615.
  14. ↑ Mariano Lagasca y Segura, p. 33.
  15. ↑ Lotte Burkhardt: Directory of eponymous plant names . Extended Edition. Botanic Garden and Botanical Museum Berlin, Free University Berlin Berlin 2018. [1]
personal data
SURNAME la Llave, Pablo de
ALTERNATIVE NAMES la Llave y Fernández de Ávila, Pablo de
BRIEF DESCRIPTION Mexican priest, politician, botanist and naturalist
DATE OF BIRTH February 11, 1773
PLACE OF BIRTH Cordoba
DATE OF DEATH June 16, 1833
Place of death Hacienda de Corral near Córdoba (Veracruz)