Albrecht's tar stove
The location Albrechts Teerofen (formerly also: Albrechts-Theerofen ) is part of the Berlin district of Wannsee in the southwestern district of Steglitz-Zehlendorf .
location
Albrechts Teerofen is located in the extreme south of the capital on the borders with Potsdam , Stahnsdorf and Kleinmachnow in Teltow . It is enclosed in the north, east and south of the Brandenburg area and protrudes like a peninsula into the neighboring country, it is only connected to the road network of Berlin through the Kremnitzufer via the somewhat larger settlement Kohlhasenbrück . The settlement is surrounded by the Parforceheide , one of the last larger contiguous forest areas in the greater Berlin area, which has been partially owned by Berlin since the conclusion of the permanent forest contract in 1915, even if it lies outside the city limits in Brandenburg.
History and etymology
The name "Albrechts Teerofen" is closely connected with the surrounding forest, because since the high Middle Ages pitch and tar have been produced in tar ovens from the resin-rich pine wood . Such bad luck was the origin of the name.
According to Gerhard Schlimpert, the oldest mention goes back to the year 1680 with the name "Tar open". In that year, the location, which was known as an establishment at the time, appeared for the first time as the "Tar burner to Kohlhasenbrück".
The following record of the "Kohlhasen Bridge" and the "Ther Ofen" is available from 1700:
"[...] the Therbrenner alhir [...] has [...] Ambts Bier Schencken und Hohlen."
It is said that after the Seven Years' War (1756–1763) a certain "Albrecht" was the owner of a newly furnished tar oven : In 1761 Christian Friedrich Albrecht offered to rebuild a tar oven. As a reward, he was to receive ten acres of land "not far from Kohlhasenbrück in the Potsdamer Heide". A year later there was a lease contract for the construction of the furnace. In 1767 there is the name "the Albrechtsche tar furnace". In 1773, Albrecht's successor, the tenant Behrend, filed a complaint that he did not have enough kien available and that he had to complain about "poor sales of the tar". Pechsiederei is said to have ceased to exist as early as 1783 . In this year there was an inheritance leasing of the land at the Kohlhasenbrück tarry oven. The leaseholder of the "so-called new tea furnace at Kohlhasenbrück" asked for construction timber to build a house that had previously burned down. At that time, the settlement was still on the Bäke , a river that at the beginning of the 20th century largely merged into the Teltow Canal, which was drawn between 1900 and 1906 as a connection between the Havel and Spree over the Dahme through the Teltow. The trail of the tar kiln is lost when it was last mentioned in 1817. After 1820, an establishment was re-mentioned in 1831, which in 1860 consisted of a colony with seven residential and eight farm buildings, in which in 1854 a total of 54 people lived. The district was 63 acres and consisted of 48 acres of arable land, eleven acres of meadow and two acres of garden land. Another two acres were farmed. In 1849 the jurisdiction changed from the Potsdam Justice Office to the Potsdam District Court and from there in 1878 to the Potsdam District Court. In 1920 the colony was incorporated into Berlin and in 1932 was a sub-residential area of the Berlin-Wannsee district.
During the time of the division of Germany , the Alsenbrücke on the Pohlesee was the only connection from West Berlin to Kohlhasenbrück, to the tar stove and to the neighboring exclave of Steinstücke . In the eastern part, Albrechts Teerofen is cut by the former route of what is now the A 115 motorway, which crossed the Teltow Canal here. Until 1969, the West Berlin control point Dreilinden operated by the West Berlin police and customs with the Allied control point Checkpoint Bravo and a motorway service station were located on the narrow West Berlin strip . On the way to West Berlin, the route ran again on GDR territory until it finally reached West Berlin territory at the Zehlendorfer Kleeblatt . After the blocking measures of the GDR on August 13, 1961, this section of the route was used exclusively for transit traffic between the Federal Republic and West Berlin; towards the GDR this section was cordoned off and not generally accessible. In 1969 the autobahn was relocated to the current route, which was entirely on GDR territory.
The settlement with a few houses stretches along the southern bank of the Teltow Canal. There is a campsite here as well as the site of the oldest Berlin archery club, 1. Berliner Bogenschützen e. V.
Due to the remote location, the buildings are not yet connected to the central water and sewage supply, even in the 21st century. All buildings have their own supply systems (wells) and sewage pits. Power is supplied via old overhead lines .
Culture and sights
Due to its quiet location by the forest and the canal, the settlement offers high recreational value, for example for hiking , cycling and fishing . A rowing club and an archery club have settled on the banks of the Teltow Canal. Until the end of 2013 there was a fishing club at the eastern end of the settlement. The Protestant parish of Mariendorf also maintains a leisure area at the eastern end of the settlement . Adjacent is the “Bäkewiese” children's and youth tent site, which the “Ev. Student Work (BK) Berlin ” supervised on a voluntary basis . At the beginning of May 2014, Berlin's first willow church was built there.
literature
- Gerhard Schlimpert : Brandenburgisches Namenbuch, Part 3, Die Ortnames des Teltow , Hermann Böhlaus Nachf., Weimar, 1972, p. 46, quotation p. 115.
- Lieselott Enders : Historical local lexicon for Brandenburg: Teltow (= Historical local lexicon for Brandenburg . Volume 4). Verlag Hermann Böhlaus successor, Weimar 1976.
Coordinates: 52 ° 24 ' N , 13 ° 10' E