Aleksis Rannit

from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

Aleksis Rannit (originally Aleksei Dolgošev , born October 1 . Jul / 14. October  1914 greg. In Kallaste , † 5. January 1985 in New Haven , Connecticut ) was an Estonian poet, literary critic and art historian.

Life

Rannit spent his early childhood in Saint Petersburg and returned to Estonia in 1921. He attended the Hugo-Treffner-Gymnasium in Tartu and later matriculated at the University of Tartu . From 1940 to 1944 he lived in Lithuania and studied in Kaunas and Vilnius a . a. Art history and Russian literature.

From 1944 Rannit lived in Germany, where he continued his studies from 1947 to 1949 at the Albert-Ludwigs-Universität Freiburg . After stays in France , Italy and Austria, he moved to the USA in 1953 and studied at Columbia University in New York from 1953 to 1956 . He then worked as an art historian and librarian, a. a. in the New York Public Library . From 1961 he was a lecturer at the Institute for Slavic Studies and Eastern European Languages ​​at Yale University .

plant

Rannit made his debut in the mid-1930s, although in the memory of the contemporary poet Kersti Merilaas he also recited foreign poems (by Jaan Kärner ) as his own. His first volume of poetry was published by a small publishing house in Lithuania in 1937, and all of the later ones were already in exile.

Rannit's “erudicated and intellectual” poetry is characterized by a strong focus on form, even if he has been compared to Valmar Adams because of his origins and his predilection for the so-called “imprecise rhyme” . However, this does not contradict the emphasis on rhythm and harmony, Rannit once described himself as a “form maniac” and a follower of poésie pure with Paul Valéry as one of his “great teachers”. In a review his poems became a "linear quantitative meter", which consists of assonances and alliterations , but is not allowed to rhyme.

In terms of content, the poet often refers to the visual arts and music, taking motifs from them as a starting point. He dedicated almost twenty poems to Eduard Wiiralt alone , with whom he was personally friends.

Rannit has written essays and studies on Estonian literature (including Marie Under ) and a number of foreign poets (e.g. Anna Achmatova , Friedrich Hölderlin ).

Awards

bibliography

  • Akna raamistuses ('In the window frame'). Kaunas: Sakalas 1937. 87 pp.
  • Cheese curve ('handshake'). Lübeck : Lowland väljaanne 1945. 52 pp.
  • Suletud avarust ('Closed Space '). Lund: Eesti Kirjanike Kooperatiiv 1956. 93 pp.
  • Kuiv hiilgus ('Dry Shine'). Lund: Eesti Kirjanike Kooperatiiv 1963. 61 p.
  • Meri ('The Sea'). Lund: Eesti Kirjanike Kooperatiiv 1964. 6 sheets.
  • Kaljud ('rock'). Lund: Eesti Kirjanike Kooperatiiv 1969. 57 p.
  • Sõrmus ('The Ring'). Lund: Eesti Kirjanike Kooperatiiv 1972. 43 pp.
  • Helikeeli ('sound voices '). Lund: Eesti Kirjanike Cooperative 1982. 91 pp.
  • Valimik luuletusi 1932 1982. A Selection of Verse 1932 1982. Viktor Kõressaare ja Ants Orase arvustuslike järelsõnadega - With critical epilogues by Viktor Kõressaar and Ants Oras. New York: Eesti Teaduslik Ühing Ameerika Ühendriikides / Estonian Learned Society in America 1985. 181 pp.
  • Nii Näen are ikka ('That's how I always see you'). Valik ja saatesõna: Ain Kaalep . Tartu: Ilmamaa 1994. 95 pp.

Translations into German

  • Verses to Wiiralt and to the clarified parable . Translated from Estonian by Ants Oras (as well as Erich Müller-Kamp and Konrad Veem). Baden-Baden: Woldemar Klein Verlag 1960. 33 pp.

Some of the poems contained herein were later reprinted in anthologies and journals. In addition, a selection of Rannit's poems in German was published in the anthology Eight Estonian Poets .

Secondary literature

  • Aleksander Aspel: Aleksis Ranniti viiekümnendaks sünnipäevaks, in: Mana 1–2 / 1965, pp. 76–77.
  • Asta Willmann : Aleksis Ranniti luule elamuslikkusest, in: Mana 30 (2-3 / 1966), pp. 50-54.
  • Ivar Grünthal : Kolmnekordne Rannit, in: Mana 30 (2-3 / 1966), pp. 55-57.
  • Viktor Terras: Aleksis Rannit. Lühimonograafia. Lund: Eesti Kirjanike Kooperatiiv 1975. 82 pp.
  • Robert von Berg: In search of an artistic world language. Conversation with the Estonian poet Aleksis Rannit, in: Süddeutsche Zeitung, 1./2. October 1977.
  • Felix Oinas : Kuidas kirjanikud kirjutavad. 17. Aleksis Rannit, in: Tulimuld 3/1985, pp. 136-137.
  • Robert von Berg: An Appollinian [sic] person. On the death of the Estonian poet Aleksis Rannit, in: Süddeutsche Zeitung, 2./3. February 1985, p. 15.

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Prof. Alexis Rannit, 70, Poet And Retired Curator at Yale : Obituary. // The New York Times , January 9, 1985.
  2. ↑ Eesti kirjanike leksikon. Koostanud Oskar Kruus yes Heino Puhvel. Tallinn: Eesti Raamat 2000, pp. 444-445.
  3. ↑ Sirje Kiin: Kersti Merilaas. Tallinn: Eesti Raamat 1989, p. 29.
  4. ↑ Eesti kirjanike leksikon. Koostanud Oskar Kruus yes Heino Puhvel. Tallinn: Eesti Raamat 2000, p. 444.
  5. ↑ estn. Irdriim , cf. Cornelius Hasselblatt : History of Estonian Literature. From the beginning to the present. Berlin, New York: Walter de Gruyter 2006, p. 506.
  6. ↑ Eesti kirjandus paguluses XX sajandil. Toim. Piret Kruuspere. Tallinn: Eesti TA Underi ja Tuglase Kirjanduskeskus 2008, p. 486.
  7. ^ Asta Willmann: Aleksis Ranniti luule elamuslikkusest, in: Mana 30 (2-3 / 1966), p. 50.
  8. ^ Robert von Berg: In search of an artistic world language. Conversation with the Estonian poet Aleksis Rannit, in: Süddeutsche Zeitung, October 1 and 2, 1977.
  9. ↑ Viktor Terras, in: Mana 39 (1972), p. 104.
  10. ↑ See Cornelius Hasselblatt: Estonian Literature in German Translation. A reception story from the 19th to the 21st century. Wiesbaden: Harrassowitz 2011, pp. 244–245.
  11. ^ Individual references in: Cornelius Hasselblatt: Estonian Literature in German Language 1784-2003. Bibliography of primary and secondary literature. Bremen: Hempen Verlag 2004, pp. 112-113.
  12. ↑ Eight Estonian poets. Selected and transmitted by Ants Oras. Stockholm: Verlag Vaba Eesti 1964, pp. 203-215.
personal data
SURNAME Rannit, Aleksis
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Dolgošev, Aleksei
BRIEF DESCRIPTION Estonian writer and literary scholar
DATE OF BIRTH October 14, 1914
PLACE OF BIRTH Callaste
DATE OF DEATH 5th January 1985
Place of death New Haven, Connecticut