Alexander Adolfowitsch Guchman

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Alexander Adolfowitsch Guchman ( Russian Александр Адольфович Гухман ; * February 5 July / February 17,  1897 greg. In Baku ; † 1991 in Moscow ) was a Soviet physicist and university professor .

Life

Guchmann's father Adolf Arkadjewitsch Guchman (1870-1914, mechanical engineer from Mazyr ) was managing director of the petroleum plant of the Caspian - Black Sea Society in the White City on the outskirts of Baku, deputy managing director of the Baku department of the Caspian Black Sea Society, member of the Council of Baku department of the Imperial Russian Technical Society, board member of the Baku Jewish community and founder of the Baku branch of the Society for the Enlightenment of Jews. The trial of Adolf Michailowitsch Fleigl and Adolf Arkadjewitsch Guchman because of the oil fire disaster took place in May 1902.

Guchman graduated from the Petrograd Polytechnic Institute in 1921.

Guchman one of the founders of 1927 opened centers Polsunow - boiler turbine -Forschungsinstituts in Leningrad .

In the 1930s, Guchman worked in the Leningrad Physical-Technical Institute . He taught and was appointed professor in 1934. During the Great Terror in 1937, he was convicted and exiled to Alma-Ata .

After returning from exile, Guchman received his doctorate in physical and mathematical sciences in 1941 . He now headed the Chair of Thermodynamics and Heat Transfer at the Moscow Institute for Chemistry - Mechanical Engineering (MIChM). He also gave lectures at the Moscow Aviation Institute (MAI). Together with Mikhail Viktorovich Kirpitschow , Guchman examined the similarity of physical processes and found sufficient criteria for the similarity that formed the theoretical basis for the physical modeling of technical processes. A dimensionless number that is important for heat transfer bears Guchman's name ( Guchman number , Gukhman criterion ). This work on the similarity theory was continued by Samson Semjonowitsch Kutateladze . In addition, Guchman became known for his axiomatics of thermodynamics without recourse to statistical mechanics . Guchman was honored as an Honored Scientist and Technician of the RSFSR .

A cousin of Guchman was the Germanist Mirra Moissejewna Guchman .

Guchman's ashes were buried in the columbarium of the Donskoi cemetery .

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ А. А. Гухман (К 85-летию со дня рождения) (accessed October 3, 2019).
  2. ↑ a b c A. V. LUIKOV, NB KONDUKOV, NG STYUSHIN: TO AA GUKHMAN ON HIS 70th BIRTHDAY . In: Int. J. Heat Mass Transfer . tape 10 , 1967, p. 1645–1648 ( wattandedison.com [PDF; 551 kB ; accessed on October 3, 2019]).
  3. ↑ Каспийско-Черноморское нефтепромышленное и торговое общество (Баку) (accessed October 3, 2019).
  4. ↑ Арнольд Михайлович Фейгль, Адольф Аркадьевич Гухман: Бѣлогородская катастрофа: дѣло А. Фейгля и А. Гухмана; с полными рѣчами гг. В.Н. Струве, Свѣшникова, С.В. Быкова, Гурскаго и защитника Ф.А. Быкова . Печатня А.И. Снегиревой, 1902.
  5. ↑ MIChM: Кафедры и преподаватели МИХМа (accessed October 3, 2019).
  6. ↑ А N Mrakin, DG Sotnikov, M А Аgeev, AA Selivanov, P А Batrakov, I А Vdovenko: Weight and size characteristics modeling of thepower plants contact condensers . In: Journal of Physics: Conf. Series . tape 1210 , 2019, pp. 1–6 , doi : 10.1088 / 1742-6596 / 1210/1/012100 ( iop.org [PDF; 598 kB ; accessed on October 3, 2019]).
  7. ↑ Kutateladze SS: Анализ подобия и физические модели . Nauka , Novosibirsk 1986 ( studmed.ru [accessed October 2, 2019]).
  8. ↑ Майков В. П .: МОТИВЫ ИЗУЧЕНИЯ ВРЕМЕНИ (accessed October 3, 2019).
  9. ↑ Плита колумбария Донского кладбища Москвы (accessed October 3, 2019).
personal data
SURNAME Guchman, Alexander Adolfowitsch
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Гухман, Александр Адольфович (Russian)
BRIEF DESCRIPTION Russian physicist and university professor
DATE OF BIRTH February 17, 1897
PLACE OF BIRTH Baku
DATE OF DEATH 1991
Place of death Moscow