Alexander Graf zu Dohna-Schlodien

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Alexander Graf zu Dohna-Schlodien

Georg Theobald Alexander Graf zu Dohna-Schlodien (born June 29, 1876 in Potsdam , † December 25, 1944 in Bad Godesberg ) was a German legal scholar and politician of the DVP .

Life and work

Dohna's parents were the Prussian Lieutenant General Hannibal Graf zu Dohna-Schlodien (1838-1914) and his wife Helene nee Maurokordatos (1846-1924). On September 24, 1906, Alexander and Elisabeth von Pommer Esche, daughter of the Prussian President Albert von Pommer Esche and Mathilde, née Berend, married. The marriage had five daughters and one son. Dohna was the father-in-law of Karl Hermann Knoke and - posthumously - of Wolf Graf Baudissin .

Since Count zu Dohna, who was Protestant and Reformed , as the son of a career officer, often had to follow his father's place of employment with his parents, he attended high schools in Koblenz , Aachen , Hanover and Brandenburg , where he graduated from high school in 1895. He then studied law and philosophy in Rome , Lausanne , Freiburg im Breisgau and Berlin , where he passed the first state law examination in 1898. After 1902 in Berlin a doctorate in law doctorate had been habilitated he 1904 in Halle an der Saale . In 1906 he received an unscheduled professorship in Königsberg , and until 1909 he worked as a teacher for Prince August Wilhelm of Prussia . In 1913 he became a full professor in Königsberg as the successor to Eduard Kohlrausch . During the First World War he was entrusted with various military administrative tasks. In 1918 he came to Dorpat University as Vice Rector .

After the First World War he was appointed professor for criminal law and criminal procedure law in Heidelberg in 1920 , from where he moved to the Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universität in Bonn in 1926 . In 1939 he retired , but accepted a substitute professorial chair in Erlangen . As a teacher of criminal law and a scientist, he was primarily committed to strengthening legal certainty and protecting the accused in the process. He was also asked for an increased suspension of sentences on probation or with conditions.

Although he himself came from the nobility and was personally connected to the imperial family through his previous activities, Count zu Dohna campaigned for the republic after the November Revolution. Even after leaving parliament, he fought against political extremes in public statements and through statements in his lectures. The famous criminal judgment of December 23, 1924 in the Magdeburg libel trial against a journalist who was accused of insulting Reich President Friedrich Ebert , but was sentenced to three months in prison only for formal insult , because the court considered the accused of treason against Ebert to be " true factual assertion ”was sharply condemned by Graf zu Dohna. He spoke out in favor of banning the KPD and NSDAP , which he accused of high treason . At the same time, he wanted the possibility of the destructive vote of no confidence in the Reichstag to be replaced by a constructive vote of no confidence based on the Prussian model, because this was the only way to guarantee the stability of the Reich. He supported the Brüning government , whose economic and financial consolidation course he considered necessary.

After the National Socialists came to power , he held back from making political statements, but criticized the restrictions on the rule of law in the Third Reich. Despite denunciations from students, he was able to continue teaching until his death.

Political party

During the German Empire, Graf zu Dohna was a member of the National Liberal Party and in 1918 participated in its reorganization to become the German People's Party . In 1932 he resigned from the DVP due to the party's increasing right-wing course, but became involved as the second chairman of the newly founded German National Association , an attempt - ultimately unsuccessful - to bring the democratic center together to the exclusion of the Catholic center .

MP

Count zu Dohna was a member of the Weimar National Assembly in 1919/20 . In 1920 he was elected a member of the Reichstag and resigned the mandate he had won in East Prussia after moving to Heidelberg .

Publications

  • The position of penance in the imperial legal system of the protection of intellectual property. Diss., Berlin 1902.
  • The illegality as a generally valid characteristic in the offense of criminal acts. Halle an der Saale 1905 (at the same time: Habil.-Schrift, Univ. Halle).
  • The criminal case. Systematically presented. Heymann, Berlin 1913.
  • The revolution as a breach of law and creation of law Winter, Heidelberg 1923.
  • Deliberate treason. In: German legal journal . Book 2, Col. 146 f.
  • The latest draft criminal law in the light of the “right law”. In: Edgar Tatarin-Tarnheyden : Festgabe for Rudolf Stammler for his 70th birthday on February 19, 1926. Berlin and Leipzig 1926, p. 255.
  • January 18th and the German Republic. Scheur, Bonn 1930.
  • The Structure of Crime Doctrine. Röhrscheid, Bonn 1936.
  • Core problems of legal philosophy. Philosophical Investigations. Limbach, Berlin 1940.

literature

Web links

personal data
SURNAME Dohna-Schlodien, Alexander Graf too
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Dohna-Schlodien, Alexander Georg Theobald Graf zu
BRIEF DESCRIPTION German legal scholar and politician (DVP), MdR
DATE OF BIRTH June 29, 1876
PLACE OF BIRTH Potsdam
DATE OF DEATH December 25, 1944
Place of death bad Godesberg