Altendorf (Mörnsheim)

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Altendorf
Mörnsheim market
Coordinates: 48 ° 52 ′ 21 ″  N , 11 ° 1 ′ 16 ″  E
Height : 402–427 m above sea level NN
Residents : 143  (December 31, 2015)
Incorporation : April 1, 1971
Postal code : 91804
Area code : 09145

Altendorf is a church village and part of the market Mörnsheim in the Upper Bavarian district of Eichstätt . The hamlets Hammermühle, Lichtenberg and Maxberg (formerly Maxbruch) and the desert Kohlmühle belong to the district .

location

Altendorf is located in the southern Franconian Jura at the transition from the Gailach valley to the Altmühltal .

history

In 1924, Friedrich Winkelmann made Stone Age finds in a large cave northwest of the village .

Altendorf was one of the oldest possessions of the Eichstätter church. The settlement is the original Morinesheim / Mörnsheim and was named the "old village" around the 13th century after the Mörnsheimer castle building and the settlement under the castle. Morinesheim was first mentioned in documents in 918 as a fishing village at the confluence of the Gailach and Altmühl. In 1401 the church and cemetery were consecrated here. In 1592 the Marian pilgrimage “Maria End” was created, for which 1709/10 the church was rebuilt and redesigned in baroque style. For the first time after the middle of the 17th century, limestone was mined in quarries on Maxberg, belonging to the municipality of Altendorf, since the middle of the 18th century. Also in the district of Altendorf were the cabbage mill (first attested in 1304), a grinding mill and the hammer mill, a paper mill and an (upper) iron hammer (1542 as a wire hammer and later also as an armory; until 1858). The wasteland of Lichtenberg and Wildbad also belonged to Altendorf .

At the end of the Old Kingdom of six property, church and a Benefiziatenhaus consisting Altendorf under stood high court the Pflegamt Moernsheim (from 1645 Dollnstein), low judicial and fiscal the box office Moernsheim the central Hochstift Eichstätt .

The Office of the High pin Eichstätt fell Reichsdeputationshauptschluss 1803 with most of the hochstiftischen area, including Altendorf, to the Principality of Eichstätt of Archduke Ferdinand of Tuscany . Since the peace treaties of Brno and Pressburg of 1805, the place belonged to the royal Bavarian district court Eichstätt and in 1808 together with Mörnsheim formed the tax district Mörnsheim.

In the time of Leuchtenberg in 1818 Altendorf became an independent municipality again, to which the Hammermühle, the Kohlmühle, Lichtenberg, the Maxbruch and the deserted Gröblmühle (demolished in 1972), Marktmühle and Wildbad belonged; the latter three, which have always been disputed between Altendorf and Mörnsheim, were awarded to the municipality of Mörnsheim in 1956. On April 1, 1971 Altendorf was incorporated into the Mörnsheim market. The Eichstätt district moved from Middle Franconia to Upper Bavaria in the following year . In 1983 Altendorf had 183 inhabitants, 30 percent of whom worked in three full-time agricultural businesses and one part-time business.

Pilgrimage Church of Maria End

Pilgrimage Church of Maria End

The catholic church, picturesquely situated at 425 m above sea level on the southern slope of the Gailach valley, is a branch of the parish of Mörnsheim. In 1401 the church was reconciled and two altars were consecrated . The choir walls and probably the choir vault are still Gothic . Today's nave is one axis longer than the medieval one and also higher. The church was given this shape in 1709/10 based on plans by the Eichstatt master builder Jakob Engel . His parlier Johann Baptist Camesino directed the construction . A two-storey sacristy is located on the north side of the choir . An eight-sided, timber-framed roof turret with an onion-shaped dome and weathercock rests on the choir arch . The turret had to be secured again in 2014 due to its inclination. The cemetery is walled. A benefit house from 1709 and a Lourdes chapel complete the ensemble. Altendorf is an old Marian pilgrimage site , which flourished particularly after the closure of the neighboring pilgrimage in Spindeltal as a result of the Reformation in Pfalz-Neuburg (since 1542).

Furnishing

The stucco and the stucco pulpit with its crown-like sound cover were made by the Eichstatt plasterer Jakob Eck. The choir ceiling painting from 1710 depicts Maria Immaculata , the nave ceiling painting of the Assumption ; the paintings, like the oval corner medallions with allegories from the praise of Mary, are attributed to the painter Melchior Steidl (* 1660 in Innsbruck; † 1727 in Munich). On the baroque high altar (1710–1720) there is a late Gothic wooden Virgin Mary (around 1480) in the central niche. The right side altar (around 1680) shows a Sebastian painting in the elevator and St. Anthony of Padua. The left side altar, which was created at the same time, is more important because it contains the pilgrimage picture in a niche, a late Gothic terracotta group depicting the death of Mary with the apostles and two angels. It is the work of the late Gothic terracotta workshops in the first half of the 15th century in the area of ​​the Hochstift Eichstätt, whose best works belong to the so-called "soft style". A wooden vespers group from a path chapel is a "moving baroque work" (Mader, p. 27) around 1700 from the school of the Eichstätt sculptor Christian Handschuher . The church also contains several gravestones, including two, to the right and left of the high altar, for the Reichsherbmarschall Karl Philipp Gustav Graf von Pappenheim († 1692) and his wife († 1716). Both chose not a place in their Grafschaft Pappenheim, but Altendorf in the area of ​​the Hochstift Eichstätt as their burial place, because they had often attended church services here. The line of the Counts of Pappenheim, which had ruled since 1651 and became Catholic again, was limited in its religious practice in its own Protestant county, since according to the provisions of the Peace of Westphalia, a change of denomination by the sovereign after 1624 no longer had any influence on the confession in the country.

Others

  • On the ridge east of the village, the Kruspelberg (with railway tunnel), stood the Crugesburg (Krugsburg; Krußburg), first mentioned in 1204 , probably in the form of a tower castle, with a 4 to 5 m wide neck ditch; In 1204 a Reinboto de Crugesburg appeared as a documentary witness. For most of the 13th century, the Eichstätter ministerials named themselves after this castle, of which nothing has survived.
  • On the Altmühlbrücke, the sculptor Karl Hemmeter created a mighty monument that shows an ammonite and a stylized Archeopteryx in it.
  • The compulsory fire brigade was founded in 1879 and the Altendorf voluntary fire brigade in 1891 . In 1962 a flag was consecrated. In 1974 the fire brigade was integrated into the Mörnsheim volunteer fire brigade, with the fire brigade association in Altendorf remaining.

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Statistics from the registration and registry office
  2. ^ Wilhelm Volkert (ed.): Handbook of Bavarian offices, communities and courts 1799–1980 . CH Beck'sche Verlagsbuchhandlung, Munich 1983, ISBN 3-406-09669-7 , p. 456 .
  3. ↑ Franzetti, p. 31
  4. ^ Zecherle, Karl: Altendorf. In: Churches and monasteries in the district of Eichstätt, published by the district of Eichstätt, 1983, p. 10

literature

  • Bernhard Eder: The pilgrimage Altendorf . In: Heimgarten. Supplement to the Eichstätter Volkszeitung, 1927, No. 35f.
  • Emil Riedelsheimer: Altendorf - a hidden gem . In: Historical sheets for the city and district of Eichstätt. 1st year, No. 10, December 1952.
  • Th (eodor) Neuhofer: Altendorf . In: Collection sheet of the Historical Association Eichstätt. 59 (1961/62), Eichstätt 1963, p. 55.
  • Felix Mader (arr.): The art monuments of Middle Franconia. II. Eichstätt District Office. Munich 1928. (Reprint: 1982, pp. 26–32)
  • Historical Atlas of Bavaria. Franken series I issue 6: Eichstätt . 1959.
  • Bernhard Eder: Dollnstein. Mörnsheim. Hike, look, experience. Hercynia-Verlag, Kipfenberg 1983, esp. S. 137ff.
  • The Eichstätter area past and present. 2nd expanded edition. Eichstätt 1984, p. 152.
  • Konrad Held (text): Maria End in Altendorf. Marian shrine in an idyllic location on the edge of the forest. Hercynia-Verlag, Kipfenberg o. J. (after 1992).
  • Helmut Rischert: The Krugsburg . In: Collection sheet of the Historical Association Eichstätt. 88/89 (1995/96), pp. 71f.
  • Andrea Franzetti: The stonemason with the vacuum cleaner. In the Altendorfer pilgrimage church Maria End, memorial plaques are cleaned / tower in an inclined position. In: Church newspaper for the diocese of Eichstätt from January 11, 2015, p. 31

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