Altingia siamensis
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| Altingia siamensis | ||||||||||||
| Craib |
Altingia siamensis is an evergreen deciduous tree species from the small family of Altingiaceae within the order of saxifrage-like (Saxifragales). It occurs in Southeast Asia .
description
Vegetative characteristics
The evergreen tree reaches a height of (7–) 15–30 m or more and a trunk diameter of 100 cm. The trunk can reach a length of up to 25 m. Young twigs are striped and initially loosely rough-haired, later balding; older twigs have gray to brownish bark and are clearly covered with lenticels . The egg-shaped, scale-covered buds are 3–5 mm long and mostly glabrous, but with brown, downy-haired inner bud scales. The helically arranged leaves have a 1–2 (–3) cm long, bare stalk furrowed on the top. The stipules are 3–4 mm long. The simple and undivided, pinnate leaf blade is usually ovate-lanceolate to lanceolate and has a length of 6–8 (–12) cm and a width of (2–) 2.5–4 cm. It has a sometimes asymmetrical, wedge-shaped to rounded base and is curved at the front into a crescent-shaped tip up to 1.5 cm long. The thin, barely leathery blade, pale in color on the underside, is bald or on the underside of the protruding midrib and loosely rough-haired at the base of the lateral nerves. It has 6-8 pairs of lateral nerves protruding below, which often form a very acute angle with the midrib. The fine nerves in between form a clear network. The edge of the spread is wavy and indistinctly sawn towards the tip.
Generative characteristics
The sex distribution of the flowers is single sexed ( monoecious ). The flowers do not have an inflorescence .
The male inflorescences are multi-flowered, egg-shaped or spherical heads , which are surrounded by large, thick, ciliate bracts . They are stalked and usually arranged in several clusters that are at the ends of the branches or just a little below. The male flowers consist only of non-fused stamens on distinct, long, wire-haired stamens. The approximately 2 mm long anthers are basifix, i.e. attached to the stamen at their base. The two counters trimmed at the top each consist of two pollen sacks and open lengthways with a slit.
The head-shaped female inflorescences stand individually in the leaf axils at the branch tips. They have a 1–2 cm long, initially brown downy-haired stalk and are surrounded at the base by four egg-shaped, brown downy-haired bracts. The flowers contain only the half under constant ovary , consisting of two grown together, free only at the tip carpels there. The two awl styles have papillary scars . Each of the two ovary compartments contains numerous ovules on the central angular placenta .
The infructescence is (1–) 1.5–2 cm wide and flattened hemispherical to inverted conical and stalked 2–4 cm long. They contain (4–) 15–18 capsules .
Altingia siamensis flowers from April to June and fruit from November to December.
distribution and habitat
Altingia siamensis has focused their presence in Indochina ( Vietnam , Laos , Cambodia , North and East Thailand ) and achieved in southern Yunnan and eastern Guangdong also the south of China .
The tree species grows in moist forests at 1000–1200 m above sea level .
Taxonomy
The species was in 1928 by the British botanist William Grant Craib described . Altingia angustifolia Hung T.Chang , Altingia takhtajanensis T.V.Trung & LVLok and Altingia takhtajanii T.V.Trung & LVLok are synonyms .
Some authors, for example in the Flora of Thailand , treat Altingia siamensis as a synonym of Altingia excelsa . In recent times, however, Altingia siamensis has also been recognized by authors who represent a broad species concept. According to R. Govaerts it seems best to classify the species as Liquidambar siamensis (Craib) Ickert-Bond & J.Wen in the genus Liquidambar .
In the past, Altingia siamensis has been confused with Altingia gracilipes . Both species have in common that the leaf margins are hardly sawn.
etymology
The specific epithet siamensis is derived from Siam , the old name for Thailand, from where the species was first described. The genus Altingia is named in honor of Willem Arnold Alting (1724-1800), the governor-general of the Dutch East Indies at the time when the first descriptor Francisco Noroña visited Java .
swell
- Tardieu blot M.-L. 1965: Hamamelidaceae. In: Flore du Cambodge, du Laos et du Vietnam. Fasc. 4. Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle, Paris, pp. 75-116.
- Zhang Zhiyun, Zhang Hongda & Endress PK 2003: Hamamelidaceae. In: Flora of China. Vol. 9: Pittosporaceae through Connaraceae. Science Press, Beijing, Missouri Botanical Garden Press, St. Louis, ISBN 1-930723-14-8 , pp. 18-42. - Altingia siamensis - Online
Individual evidence
- ↑ Craib WG 1928: Altingia siamensis Craib. In: Contributions to the Flora of Siam. Additamentum XXIV.Bulletin of Miscellaneous Information 1928: 68. - JSTOR 4107648
- ^ Phengklai C. 2001: Hamamelidaceae. In: Flora of Thailand. Vol. 7 (3). The Forest Herbarium, Bangkok, pp. 400-411.
- ↑ Ickert-Bond SM, Pigg KB, Wen J. 2007: Comparative infructescence morphology in Altingia (Altingiaceae) and discordance between morphological and molecular phylogenies . American Journal of Botany 94: 1094-1115. - doi : 10.3732 / ajb.94.7.1094
- ↑ Rafaël Govaerts (Ed.): Liquidambar - World Checklist of Selected Plant Families of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. Last accessed on September 15, 2018.
- ↑ Hayne FG 1830: Faithful representation and description of the plants used in medicine. Vol. 11. Berlin. - Preview in Google Book Search