Amedy Coulibaly

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Amedy Coulibaly (born February 27, 1982 in Juvisy-sur-Orge ; † January 9, 2015 in Paris ) was a French Islamist terrorist who committed further acts of terrorism in the context of the attack on the editors of the satirical magazine Charlie Hebdo by the brothers Saïd and Chérif Kouachi .

Career

Coulibaly, nicknamed Doly de Grigny , was born in a Paris suburb as the seventh of ten children; he was the only boy. His family is from Mali .

Amedy Coulibaly slipped into criminality as a minor, was convicted several times and spent years in prison, among other things for theft, robbery, stolen goods and drug trafficking. A psychological report was issued when he was first convicted. It spoke of “an immature and psychopathic personality”, “insufficient self-reflection”, “a poorly developed moral awareness” and “a very low inhibition threshold”.

When he and three accomplices tried to steal motor scooters in Combs-la-Ville , south of Paris, in September 2000 , the police caught them. Coulibaly and his best friend, 19-year-old Ali Rezgui, tried to escape in a car. One of the policemen wanted to stop the car and shot first at the tires, then into the driver's cab. Rezgui, who was driving the car, was fatally wounded. No lawsuit was opened against the policeman because the judges believed that he had acted in legitimate self-defense.

After his release from prison, Coulibaly took part in a number of robberies, for which he was tried several times between 2001 and 2004. For armed robbery of a bank branch in Orléans in 2002, he was sentenced to six years in prison in 2004 and transferred to the Fleury-Mérogis prison. After his early release in 2006, he tried his hand at drug dealing, was caught and in May 2007 sentenced to another eighteen months in prison.

Prisons like Fleury-Mérogis are viewed by critics as "water heaters" for radicalization. While in custody there, Coulibaly joined a group that Djamel Beghal (aka "Abou Hamza" ), an al-Qaida recruiter and loyal follower of Osama bin Laden , was able to gather around him. Beghal became Coulibaly's Islamist mentor and radicalized him.

Beghal (born December 2, 1965 in Bordj Bou Areridj, Algeria), sentenced to ten years in prison in March 2005 for a planned attack on the US embassy in Paris, was imprisoned until May 2009. His French citizenship was revoked and he was placed under house arrest in Murat . Smaïn Aït Ali Belkacem , one of the main people responsible for the series of attacks in France in 1995 , was sentenced to ten years in prison again in May 2010 for planning the liberation . In Fleury-Mérogis, Coulibaly also met Chérif Kouachi, who had also joined the Beghal group. After his detention ended, Coulibaly and the two Kouachi brothers maintained contact with Beghal. They traveled several times - sometimes with their wives - to Murat to see Beghal, who was under house arrest, and practiced the use of weapons.

After his release from prison, Coulibaly began training at Coca-Cola . Towards the end of his apprenticeship, he was invited in July 2009 to meet the then French President Nicolas Sarkozy as one of 500 trainees . Coulibaly was considered a good employee and received several short-term contracts as a forklift driver, but these expired in September 2009.

In 2010, Coulibaly and Chérif Kouachi were suspected of being involved in the planned liberation of Smait Ali Belkacem. He was arrested in May 2010, placed in custody and in December 2013 - unlike Chérif Kouachi, who could not be proven to be involved - was charged with “acquiring and illegally possessing weapons and membership in a criminal organization in preparation for a crime” Sentenced to five years in prison. A gun and 240 rounds of ammunition were found when his home was searched. Since his sentence was reduced, Coulibaly was released on March 4, 2014, but had to wear an electronic ankle cuff until May 15, 2014.

attacks

On the morning of January 8, 2015, Coulibaly shot and killed the 26-year-old city ​​police officer Clarissa Jean-Philippe and seriously injured a city worker. Then he fled the scene.

The supermarket after the hostage situation

At noon on January 9th, Coulibaly stormed the kosher Hyper Cacher supermarket at Porte de Vincennes in the east of Paris , shot four people and took several people hostage. Coulibaly demanded free retreat for the Kouachi brothers, who had since been surrounded by the police in Dammartin-en-Goële . In a telephone conversation with the television broadcaster BFM TV , Coulibaly said he was fighting for the Islamic State (IS) and had coordinated his actions with the Kouachi brothers. Coulibaly was shot dead when the police attacked the supermarket. A video was later posted on the Internet in which Coulibaly confessed to his actions.

On the evening of January 7, 2015, a jogger in the Coulée verte recreation area in Fontenay-aux-Roses was chased and shot by an unknown person. Coulibaly lived in Fontenay; the cartridge case found at the scene of the crime comes from one of the pistols that were later discovered at Coulibaly's supermarket.

Coulibaly's partner, Hayat Boumeddiene, was also suspected of being involved in the attacks. Boumeddiene was born on June 26, 1988 in Villiers-sur-Marne . She had seven siblings. After the death of her mother in 1994, the father was unable to cope with the care of the children and Boumeddiene came into the care of the youth welfare office. In 2008 she met Amédy Coulibaly and married him - only religiously with an imam - in July 2009. Boumeddiene was originally not religious and radical, but rather liberal. Photos from earlier days show her in a bikini, among other things.

After her marriage to Coulibaly, she began to wear the hijab , which was incompatible with her job as a cashier in a supermarket. Then she gave up this job. It was later revealed that she had traveled to the Middle East a few days before the attacks . It is said to be in the territory of the Islamic State in Syria . Police said she was four or five months pregnant at the time of the attacks.

Coulibaly was buried anonymously in Thiais .

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ a b Attack suspect was known to French authorities. In: The Washington Post. January 9, 2015, accessed January 13, 2015 .
  2. ↑ Liberation January 9, 2015: Amedy Coulibaly, suspect numéro 1 de l'assassinat de Montrouge
  3. ↑ Tagesspiegel January 10, 2015: Attack on "Charlie Hebdo" Who are the terrorists? ( Memento of the original from February 9, 2015 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www.tagesspiegel.de
  4. ↑ Assassination attempt: la mère et les soeurs de Coulibaly "condamnent ces actes odieux". leparisien.fr, January 11, 2015, accessed January 15, 2015 (French).
  5. ↑ IS oath of loyalty: video of confessional from supermarket hostage takers surfaced. spiegel.de, January 11, 2015, accessed on January 15, 2015 .
  6. ↑ a b c d Süddeutsche Zeitung: Lost , weekend edition of January 17, 2015
  7. ↑ Liberation January 9, 2015: Amedy Coulibaly, suspect numéro 1 de l'assassinat de Montrouge
  8. ↑ Le Parisien January 15, 2015: Attack: Coulibaly blessé par un policier et son ami tué à Combs il ya 15 ans
  9. ↑ BFMTV January 14, 2015: Une haine de la police qui remonte à l'adolescence de Coulibaly
  10. ↑ La Republique January 14, 2015: Combs-la-Ville Un drame en Seine-et-Marne à l'origine de la radicalization d'Amédy Coulibaly?
  11. ↑ BFMTV January 9, 2015: Amad, cousin d'Amedy Coulibaly: "Il avait la haine de l'État français"
  12. ↑ Der Spiegel (print edition / cover story) No. 4 - January 17, 2015, pp. 77–84: Those were good children
  13. ↑ Liberation January 9, 2015: Amedy Coulibaly, suspect numéro 1 de l'assassinat de Montrouge (list of prison sentences)
  14. ↑ L'echo republicain January 9, 2015: Amédy Coulibaly condamné pour le braquage d'une banque à Orléans en 2002
  15. ↑ Le Point January 11, 2015: EXCLUSIF. "Charlie Hebdo": Coulibaly, itinéraire d'un "élève" terroriste
  16. ↑ faz.net January 13, 2015: Prisons in France. Breeding grounds of Islamism
  17. ↑ Süddeutsche Zeitung January 17, 2015: Fleury-Mérogis in France Trapped in the largest prison in Europe
  18. ↑ Der Spiegel January 13, 2015: Interview with assassin Coulibaly 2008: "The prison is the best school for crime"
  19. ↑ NPR January 22, 2015: French Prisons Prove To Be Effective Incubators For Islamic Extremism
  20. ↑ taz February 7, 2015: radicalization in prison. Prevention must be stepped up (interview with the managing director of the Violence Prevention Network / VPN Thomas Mücke - also about the situation in Germany)
  21. ↑ Cage / UK: Case File: Djamel Beghal ( Memento of the original dated February 6, 2015 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www.cageuk.org
  22. ^ Ouest France January 9, 2015: Charlie Hebdo. Djamel Beghal never toute implication in les attentats
  23. ^ The Guardian January 11, 2015: Mentor of Charlie Hebdo gunmen has been UK-based
  24. ↑ Der Spiegel (print edition) No. 4 - January 17, 2015, pp. 76–84: Those were good children - s. Graphic p. 80: Network of Terror
  25. ^ Süddeutsche Zeitung January 12, 2015: Terror in France. The idols of the assassins
  26. ↑ Liberation January 27, 2015: Coulibaly, un voyou devenu jihadiste (see graphic: Timeline + cross connections)
  27. ↑ Le Monde January 11, 2015: Amedy Coulibaly, de la délinquance au terrorisme
  28. ↑ Le Monde January 10, 2015: Les photos de Coulibaly et de sa compagne, arbalète à la main
  29. ↑ a b Paris hostage-taker Coulibaly shook hands with Sarkozy. In: focus online. January 10, 2015, accessed January 13, 2015 .
  30. ↑ a b Who are the perpetrators? (No longer available online.) January 10, 2015, archived from the original on January 10, 2015 ; accessed on January 13, 2015 .
  31. ↑ Liberation January 9, 2015: Amedy Coulibaly, suspect numéro 1 de l'assassinat de Montrouge
  32. ↑ Tagesspiegel January 10, 2015: Attack on "Charlie Hebdo" Who are the terrorists? ( Memento of the original from February 9, 2015 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www.tagesspiegel.de
  33. ↑ Le Point January 11, 2015: “Charlie Hebdo”: Coulibaly, itinéraire d'un “élève” terroriste
  34. ↑ Michaela Wiegel : Funeral service in Paris - “Merci la Police!” In: faz.net. January 13, 2015, accessed January 18, 2015 .
  35. ↑ Julie Straboni: En mémoire de Clarissa Jean-Philippe. In: Martinique.la1ere.fr. January 12, 2015, accessed January 18, 2015 (French).
  36. ^ De l'attaque contre "Charlie" aux assauts de vendredi, le récit du procureur de Paris , Liberation of January 10, 2015 (French).
  37. ↑ Hostage-taking in Paris: Little attention for the Jewish victims. In: Spiegel Online . January 10, 2015, accessed January 11, 2015 .
  38. ↑ Another hostage drama near Paris: Terrorist Coulibaly demands free withdrawal for Kouachi brothers - otherwise he wants to kill hostages. In: express.de. January 9, 2015, accessed January 9, 2015 .
  39. ↑ a b Terror in France: IS video by Coulibaly online. In: sueddeutsche.de . January 11, 2015, accessed January 12, 2015 .
  40. ↑ Emeline cazi: Ce que l'on sait de l'agression d'un joggeur à Fontenay-aux-Roses. Le Monde , January 11, 2015, accessed January 13, 2015 (French).
  41. ↑ Focus January 10, 2015: Hayat Boumeddiene: Once a bikini, today a veil: This is the hostage-taker's widow
  42. ^ Terrorist buried near Paris after Mali rejects corpse. In: nypost.com. January 23, 2015, accessed February 6, 2015 (French).
personal data
SURNAME Coulibaly, Amedy
BRIEF DESCRIPTION French attacker in the January 2015 attacks in Paris
DATE OF BIRTH February 27, 1982
PLACE OF BIRTH Juvisy-sur-Orge
DATE OF DEATH January 9, 2015
Place of death Paris