Andreas or The United

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Hugo von Hofmannsthal, 1910
Photo: Nicola Perscheid

Andreas or Die Vereinigte is Hugo von Hofmannsthal's only novel . The work was created between 1907 and 1927 and remained a fragment . A preprint of the text appeared in 1930 in the two-month publication Corona . In 1932 the S. Fischer Verlag published the work as a book.

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The 22-year-old Andreas von Ferschengelder, a member of the Viennese bagatel nobility, arrived in Venice on September 7, 1778 . On the mediation of a local who courted the newcomer, he found accommodation in the house of the impoverished Count Prampero. Its dilapidated palazzo is opposite the Sankt Samuel Theater , where the count works as a light cleaner and his wife as box closers. The older daughter Nina used to be an actress there. Status, the younger daughter, attracts Andreas' attention in connection with a lottery being prepared. Andreas doesn't ask what is being raffled because he has other worries. His parents in Vienna would have to be informed of his arrival in Venice by letter. Andreas wants to appear in a favorable light in the letter - for example as a thrifty cultural traveler who can stay cheaply. But he refrains from such self-praise. After all, in Carinthia he fell victim to the scammer Gotthelff. Half of the travel money is gone. Andreas doesn't like to think about the unpleasant episode. But it also had its good. Gotthelff had lured his new Mr. Andreas into a remote Carinthian side valley behind Villach . There on the farm of the farmer Finazzer he had won the love of his beautiful daughter Romana, a virgin full of "innocence and purity", without further ado. Romana speaks to him uninhibited. The girl's parents love each other and their children. Such people as from the Finazzer dynasty, from the old nobility at that, did not meet Andreas in Vienna. Up until now, he had dealt with parents and other respected people in a more forced and fearful manner. Although Andreas experiences his first kiss with the young girl, he evades a night of love at the last moment. The criminal Gotthelff brings Andreas at the hospitable farmer Finazzer into the predicament . At night he poisons the farm dog, assaults a maid, ties and gags her and escapes with one of the two riding horses and part of the money. Finazzer remains calm and forgives Andreas: "You are an inexperienced young man."

When Andreas waits to continue his journey with a carter, he has a dream. When he wakes up, he is “lucky to the last vein. Romana's whole being had announced itself to him with a life that was beyond reality. All heaviness was blown away. In him or outside of him, he couldn't lose her. He had the knowledge, more than that, he had the belief that she lived for him. He stepped back into the world like a blessed man. ”Romana's mouth kisses his. It's all real. But Andreas continues to drive the wagon towards Venice instead of soliciting Romana from the farmer Finazzer.

Venice appears as a swamp against the Carinthian mountains. The lottery will be drawn one week after the birth of Mary . The main prize is the defloration of the not even 16-year-old. It is now the turn of the girl to keep the family afloat. As a stranger, Andreas is excluded from ransom. However, the resale of an already purchased lot by a subscriber would be possible. The lottery is under the aegis of the patrician Mr. Sacramozo, who was last governor of Corfu . This knight, a Maltese , is considered a man of honor. Here the novel breaks off.

Quote

“... a pantyhose or a robin slipped out of the green darkness, rolled over with a sweet sound in the weaving, shimmering air. The most beautiful were Romana's lips, they were bright, transparent purple, and her eagerly innocent speech came out in between like a fiery air in which her soul struck out, at the same time a lightning from her brown eyes at every word. "

Origin and publication history

Hofmannsthal worked on his novel between 1907 and 1927. The estate relating to Andreas comprises around 500 manuscript pages, including around 100 pages of the relatively closed draft from 1912/13, which was first published posthumously in 1930 under the title Andreas oder die Vereinigte . A wealth of notes on the continuation of the novel can be found mainly in the texts

  • Venetian travel diary of Lord von N. 1779
  • The Venetian experience of Mr. von N.
  • The Lady with the Dog (around 1912)

According to the prevailing opinion in Hofmannsthal research, the fragments left behind cannot be added to a complete work, since the novel project, which Hofmannsthal himself called either a narrative or a novel, has undergone significant modifications over the course of 20 years made it difficult to identify a consistent basic idea. This lack of continuity has been particularly evident since 1925, when the narrative was shifted from the time of Maria Theresa to the Metternich era , new characters were added and the Middle East became another setting.

reception

The Venetian adventure is only the framework for the big topic: Andreas' love for Romana. Peter Sprengel alludes to the title when he claims that Andreas longs for a union with Romana.

fragment

Hermann Broch wrote in Hugo Hofmannsthal's prose writings in 1951 : “With Andreas Hofmannsthal has reached a peak in his narrative work, the height of which he underestimated.” Le Rider, on the other hand, sees the interruption of work on the manuscript as being caused by self-censorship. Felix Braun says that Andreas is "internally fragmentary" like the whole novel.

genus

The Andreas is a coming of age novel , as the title character in line come with the world. After the First World War, the author said goodbye to the Bildungsroman . In Carinthia, Andreas went through an upbringing of the heart . First of all, he must “become capable of love”.

psyche

The executed text has autobiographical features. In Venice, Andreas' personality dissociated. One reason: the parents would have loved neither each other nor Andreas . In addition, Andreas was traumatized by homosexual attacks by his catechist . Jacques Le Rider presents the diabolical servant Gotthelff as Andreas' alter ego .

Andreas fails both against the common - embodied by Gotthelff - and against the pure - embodied by Romana. So he could not distance himself from Gotthelff in his guilt dreams at the Finazzer-Hof. In general, Andreas' dreams on the Finazzer farm reveal his “dual nature”. Seen in this way, the criminal Gotthelff appears as a reflection of Andreas.

Katrin Scheffer's text analysis is based on symbols - for example the "bird motif".

role models

Sprengel sees influences from Goethe's Wilhelm Meister's theatrical mission and Schiller's ghost seer . Mayer names, among other things, Mörike's painter Nolten as a forerunner of Andreas . After Le Rider, the text is influenced by Büchner's Lenz .

According to the theory of the Boston psychiatrist Morton Prince (1854-1924), the double being Maria / Mariquita is "The dissociation of a personality" .

literature

  • Morton Prince: The dissociation of a personality. Longmans, Green and Co., London 1908 ( Text Archive - Internet Archive )
  • Richard Alewyn : About Hugo von Hofmannsthal . Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht, Göttingen 1958. (Small Vandenhoeck series 57. Special issue.)
  • Werner Volke: Hugo von Hofmannsthal . Rowohlt, Reinbek near Hamburg 1967 (1997 edition). (Rowohlt's monographs.) ISBN 3-499-50127-9
  • Gotthart Wunberg (Ed.): Hofmannsthal in the judgment of his critics . Athenaeum, Frankfurt am Main 1972.
  • Achim Aurnhammer : Hofmannsthal's ›Andreas‹. The fragment as a narrative form between tradition and modernity. in: Hofmannsthal yearbook on European modernism. Vol. 3, 1995. pp. 275-296.
  • Jacques Le Rider : Hugo von Hofmannsthal. Historicism and Modernism in Turn-of-the-Century Literature . Translated from the French by Leopold Federmair . Böhlau Verlag, Vienna 1997. (Neighborhoods. Human science studies. 6.) ISBN 3-205-98501-X
  • Peter Sprengel : History of German-Language Literature 1900–1918. Munich: Beck, 2004. ISBN 3-406-52178-9
  • Mathias Mayer: The limits of the text. On the fragments and reception of Hofmannsthal's 'Andreas' novel . In: Elsbeth Dangel-Pelloquin (ed.): Hugo von Hofmannsthal. New ways of research . Wissenschaftliche Buchgesellschaft, Darmstadt 2007, pp. 62–83, ISBN 978-3-534-19032-4
  • Katrin Scheffer: Floating, weaving pictures. Structure-forming motifs and gaze strategies in Hugo von Hofmannsthal's prose writings. Diss. Marburg 2007. Tectum Verlag, Marburg 2007, ISBN 978-3-8288-9424-2
  • Anke Junk: Andreas or the United by Hugo von Hofmannsthal - a cultural psychoanalytical investigation . Impr. Henner Junk, Hannover 2015, DNB  1100955305 .

expenditure

  • Andreas or The United. Fragment of a novel . With an afterword by Jakob Wassermann . Cover and title vignette by Hans Meid . S. Fischer Berlin 1932.
  • Andreas or The United. Fragments of a novel . With original wood engravings by Imre Reiner . Zurich: Tellurium-Verlag 1944.
  • Andreas. Edited by Mathias Mayer. Stuttgart: Reclam 2000. (Reclams Universal-Bibliothek. 8800.) ISBN 978-3-15-008800-5
Quoted text edition
  • Hugo von Hofmannsthal: Andreas (1907–1927) . Pp. 198-319 in: Hugo von Hofmannsthal . Collected works in ten individual volumes. Edited by Bernd Schoeller in consultation with Rudolf Hirsch : S. Fischer, Frankfurt a. M. 1949 (edition from 1986), volume stories. Made up conversations and letters. Travel . ISBN 3-10-031547-2

Web links

Individual evidence

Source means the quoted text edition

  1. ↑ Andreas or the United , partial print in: Corona, vol. 1. Issue 1.
  2. ↑ Ferschengelder is a descriptive name : Andreas gives Fersengeld in more than one tricky situation .
  3. ↑ Hofmannsthal writes the farewell to an era .
  4. ↑ To be more precise: Andreas dreams several dreams .
  5. ↑ Source, p. 235, 15. Zvu
  6. ↑ Le Rider claims that on closer inspection the Finazzer-Hof also appears morbid (Le Rider, p. 145, 13th Zvu). For example, the connection between Romana's parents is "almost" incestuous (Le Rider, p. 144, 6th Zvu).
  7. ↑ Source, p. 218, 14th Zvu
  8. ↑ a b Achim Auernhammer. Hofmannsthal's ›Andreas‹. 1995.
  9. ↑ full text
  10. ↑ full text
  11. ↑ full text
  12. ↑ Alewyn, p. 133, 1. Zvo
  13. ↑ Sprengel, p. 248, 4. Zvo
  14. ↑ Broch in Wunberg (Ed.): P. 445, 18. Zvo
  15. ↑ quoted in Le Rider, p. 129, 1. Zvu
  16. ↑ Le Rider, p. 141, 3. Zvo
  17. ↑ Felix Braun quoted in Mayer, p. 72, 23. Zvo
  18. ↑ Alewyn, p. 125, 10. Zvo
  19. ↑ Le Rider, p. 135, 16. Zvo
  20. ↑ see also Sprengel, p. 247, 9th Zvu
  21. ↑ Le Rider, p. 135, 5th Zvu
  22. ↑ Le Rider, p. 135, 13. Zvo
  23. ↑ Le Rider, p. 142, 3. Zvo
  24. ↑ Le Rider, p. 136, 6. Zvo
  25. ↑ see also Sprengel, p. 247, 8th Zvu
  26. ↑ Le Rider, p. 142, 10th Zvu and p. 143 above
  27. ↑ Source, p. 225, 7th Zvu
  28. ↑ Le Rider, p. 144, 2. Zvo
  29. ↑ Alewyn, p. 125, 18. Zvu
  30. ↑ Mayer, p. 70, 16. Zvu
  31. ^ Sprengel, p. 248 above. And also: Andreas was sometimes cruel as a child. He had tortured animals .
  32. ↑ Scheffer, p. 39 ff.
  33. ^ Sprengel, p. 248 middle
  34. ↑ Mayer, p. 75, 7. Zvo
  35. ↑ Le Rider, p. 137, 3. Zvo
  36. ↑ Le Rider, p. 140, 10. Zvu u. a.