Anna Dmitrievna Gelman

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Anna Dmitrijewna Gelman , b. Nikitina ( Russian Анна Дмитриевна Гельман урождённая Никитина ; * 1902 ; † March 29, 1994 in Moscow ), was a Russian chemist and university professor .

Life

Anna studied chemistry at the Crimean University . She then worked in Moscow at the Institute of General and Inorganic Chemistry (IONCh) of the Academy of Sciences of the USSR (AN-SSSR) . In 1934 her first work appeared, a production specification for the All-Russian Research Institute of Aviation Materials (WIAM) . She married AS Gelman and took his name. She investigated complex unsaturated platinum compounds . She became a doctor of chemical sciences and a professor.

After the German-Soviet War , Anna started working on the chemistry of thorium , uranium and transuranium from 1947 . In late 1948, as part of the Soviet atomic bomb project , she was seconded to the Moscow Research Institute NII-9, which later became the All Union Research Institute for Inorganic Materials (WNIINM) . She worked in Combine No. 817 in the production of weapons- grade plutonium . She organized and led the special group to improve the production process for increased plutonium production. She developed the procedures for the extraction of high purity plutonium. In addition to her, AABotschwar , II Tschernjajew , AN Wolski , AS Saimowski and WD Nikolski belonged to the leadership collective . The collective received the Stalin Prize in 1949 for successfully completing the contract .

After the start of plutonium production, Anna became head of department in the facility's central laboratory. She came into closer contact with the director BG Musrukow , whose wife died in 1951 and who had two children. Anna soon divorced and married Musrukov. In 1953 Musrukow became head of the main administration of the Ministry of Medium-sized Machinery, so that the family moved to Moscow. Anna now worked in the Institute for Physical Chemistry of the AN-SSSR (today Frumkin Institute for Physical Chemistry and Electrochemistry ). In 1955, Musrukov took over the management of the Russian Federation Nuclear Research Center ( All-Russian Institute for Experimental Physics ) in Sarov . Anna stayed in Moscow with Musrukov's daughter Lena, with whom she had developed a close relationship. In the Institute for Physical Chemistry Anna discovered together with Nikolai N. Krot and Maja P. Mefodjewa a seven-valent plutionum and neptunium compound , which was registered by the state in 1967. In 1972 Anna, NN Krot and FA Sakharov received the Mendeleev Prize of the AN-SSSR of 2,000 rubles for a series of other works on neptunium and plutonium . Anna published three books on the transuranium elements.

Anna was buried in the Kunzewo Cemetery in Moscow.

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ В. Ф. Перетрухин, А. М. Федосеев, Е. Б. Музрукова: Сибирский самородок. Анна Дмитриевна Гельман (accessed March 27, 2017) . In: История науки и техники . No. 11 , 2009, p. 82-87 .
  2. ↑ А. Д. Гельман (Никитина): Комплексные соединения платины с ненасыщенными молекулами . Издательство Академии наук СССР, Moscow, Leningrad 1945.
  3. ↑ Богуненко Н. Н .: Музруков . Молодая гвардия, Moscow 2005, ISBN 5-235-02822-8 .
  4. ↑ З.А. Исаева: АТОМНАЯ БОМБА И НАША ЖИЗНЬ (accessed March 27, 2017).
  5. ↑ a b Л. П. Музрукова: ГЕНЕРАЛ И ЕГО ЖЕНА: Б.Г. МУЗРУКОВ (accessed March 27, 2017).
  6. ↑ Выдающиеся химики мира - Волков В.А. (accessed on March 27, 2017).
personal data
SURNAME Gelman, Anna Dmitrievna
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Nikitina, Anna Dmitrijewna (maiden name); Никитина, Анна Дмитриевна Гельман урождённая (Russian)
BRIEF DESCRIPTION Russian chemist and university professor
DATE OF BIRTH 1902
DATE OF DEATH March 29, 1994
Place of death Moscow