employment exchange

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Former employment office in Bremerhaven

An employment office is an authority that is responsible for placing jobs on the labor market . Today this task is performed in Germany by the Federal Employment Agency and private employment agencies.

History of job placement in Germany

Seal mark

The employment agency in Germany looks back on an eventful past in which it was not always undisputed: there was initially no central organization for employment agency in Germany. There were only regional structures z. B. created by the offices for proof of work .

1918: Reich Labor Office

Although the military had already called for them during the First World War in order to be able to keep the work processes going far from the front , the Reich Labor Office was not created until October 4, 1918 , which was responsible for labor market policy and occupational safety, but not for job placement.

1919: Reich Ministry of Labor

The National Labor Office was only briefly and was on 13 February 1919 in the Ministry of Labor converted, the board of the National Labor Office, Secretary Gustav Bauer , was Minister of Labor.

1920: Reich Office for Employment Services

Reichsgesetzblatt (1920)

On January 15, 1920, the Reich Office for Employment Services was set up , and since 1922 it has been part of the Reich Labor Administration as the central authority of the Reich Labor Ministry. The first president of the Reich Office was Friedrich Syrup . The organizational structure was already divided into 13 state labor offices and 361 labor offices as regional offices.

1927: Reichsanstalt for job placement and unemployment insurance

On July 16, 1927, with the Law on Employment Placement and Unemployment Insurance (AVAVG), the Reich Office for Employment Placement was transferred to the newly founded " Reichsanstalt für Arbeitsvermittlung und Arbeitslosenversicherung " (RAfAuA), whose tasks set the merger of employment placement and unemployment insurance . Friedrich Syrup remained president. The RAfAuA contained organs of self-administration . In 1938 it was largely reintegrated into the Reich Labor Ministry and self-government was abolished, in 1945 it was practically dissolved.

Second World War

Memorial plaque in Piotrków Trybunalski

During the Second World War , the state labor offices in the occupied countries and in the dependent states maintained a recruiting machine for foreign workers , most of whom were forced laborers . In Germany, the employment services assigned these workers to specific labor camps and jobs according to lists of requirements from industry, agriculture, the railways, post offices, communities, family businesses and farmers . In 1942, Fritz Sauckel was appointed by Hitler to be a general agent for labor . He was sentenced to death and hanged in the Nuremberg Trial of the Major War Criminals for his role in the systematic kidnapping and exploitation of slave laborers.

1952: Federal Agency for Employment Services and Unemployment Insurance

It was not until the law on the establishment of a Federal Agency for Employment and Unemployment Insurance of March 10, 1952 that equal participation of the social partners and representatives of public bodies, alongside trade unions and employers' associations, was again stipulated in self-administration . The foundation for today's Federal Employment Agency (BA) was laid here.

1969: Federal Employment Agency

The BfAuA received with the passage of the Employment Promotion Act 1 July 1969, a new name: " Federal Labor Office ": In addition to career counseling , job placement and unemployment was the employment offices to promote vocational education and training assigned, so it joined the pension for a quantitative and qualitative balancing of supply and demand on the labor market in the foreground.

In 2003 the Hartz I and Hartz II laws came into force.

2004: Federal Employment Agency

On January 1, 2004, the new name “Federal Employment Agency” came into force, which should put the service orientation of the labor administration in the foreground; In the same year, the " Hartz III " law came into force, which provided for the restructuring of the labor administration into a "modern, customer-oriented service authority".

In 2005 the fourth law for modern services on the labor market came into force, in short " Hartz IV ".

Job placement in other countries

See also

Wiktionary: Arbeitsamt  - explanations of meanings, word origins, synonyms, translations

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Ute Vergin: The National Socialist Labor Administration and its functions in the deployment of foreign workers during the Second World War , Osnabrück 2008
  2. ↑ www.arbeitsagentur.de - Brochure on labor administration