Augustinerstrasse (Mainz)

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Augustinerstrasse in Mainz's old town

The Augustinerstraße is a city road in Mainz-Altstadt . The street got its name because of the Augustinian order in Mainz built Old Town monastery . Augustinerstraße is the main street in the southern city ​​center of Mainz and one of the most pedestrianized streets in Mainz. The 270-meter-long street is now a monument zone .

history

The spacious semi-detached house Augustinerstraße 60/62: It was built in 1883 and is therefore a typical building in the younger northern part of the street

Augustinerstrasse is located within the Roman city walls . In the 13th century, the Augustinian hermits built a monastery in the old town of Mainz, where Augustinerstraße is today. The history of the part of the southern Augustinerstrasse that is still preserved today goes back at least to the 16th century. The rough street plan of the street part has been preserved to this day. From the late Middle Ages, relics of some of the upper-class citizens' farms have been preserved. In addition, some old wall remnants were used in new buildings that are still in existence today, for example in the Augustinerstraße 26 building. Remnants of the “Zum Großen Drachen” courtyard are still integrated here. Today there are still stone post windows and vaulted cellars , which were already recorded in the Sweden plan from 1625/1626. During the Thirty Years War from 1618 to 1648, numerous buildings were significantly destroyed. After the Thirty Years' War, numerous long parcels , on which narrow half-timbered houses stood, were combined into larger parcels. On a city photograph from 1657, Augustinerstraße is described as a "wild house square". Up until the 17th century, Augustinerstrasse was the main shopping street in Mainz.

From 1768 to 1776 the tallest, most striking and architecturally most important building on Augustinerstraße was built: the Augustinerkirche . At that time Augustinerstraße was mainly inhabited by people from the craft and trade . Tailors and shoemakers were mainly represented among the craftsmen . In 1803 the monastery of the Augustinian Hermits was closed. When the Kartäuserstraße was laid out in the middle of the 19th century , the Augustinerstraße got a new alignment and was thereby widened. From 1865 new buildings were erected on the new western side of the street. A historic hall building, the Frankfurter Hof , is located at Augustinerstraße 55. Above all, generous representative buildings were erected, which created a new contrast to the previous buildings. Augustinerstrasse and its buildings were hardly damaged during the Second World War . Today there are mainly restaurants, cafés, wine houses and shops on Augustinerstraße.

architecture

Façade of the Augustinerstraße 17 building: a typical two-window building. The two-window houses are considered to be the oldest structures on Augustinerstrasse

Augustinerstraße connects Neutorstraße with Leichhof . It begins at the confluence of Holzstrasse with the moat. The course of the road extends from southeast to northwest over a length of about 220 meters and widens continuously from its beginning in the southeast from five to about ten meters at its end at its confluence with Leichhofstraße at the level of Grebenstraße on the right and Kirschgarten on the left. The road has been widened and straightened several times since the Middle Ages . The most prominent building in the older southern part of the street is Augustinerstraße 23. Due to the constant expansion of the street and the construction of large shops, Augustinerstraße became one of the most frequented shopping streets in Mainz during the early days . Numerous side streets, some of which are eaves alleys, still bear witness to the expansion of the road and the brisk new era in Augustinerstraße . Some of the alleys lead to the Weintorstrasse district today . Due to the very long use as a shopping street, Augustinerstraße now has many buildings with arches made of red sandstone on the ground floor . Some arches from the 18th century are still present as arcades in Augustinerstraße and Leichhofstraße . In the 19th century the building of arches was abandoned and the facades of the shops on the ground floor were made with cast iron .

Today the buildings on Augustinerstraße create a great variety. Most of the houses are eaves and have three floors. Almost all structures are either half-timbered houses with plaster or buildings with solid construction . In between there are small, narrow buildings with two axes . They are among the oldest houses on the street. Furthermore, some old parcels have been preserved. This is the case, for example, with the narrow two-axle half-timbered houses on Augustinerstrasse 11 and 17. Both were built in the late 17th / early 18th century. Due to the later increased space requirements, the houses were later given a fourth floor. In the 17th century, gabled buildings were initially preferred. When the lack of space increased in the 18th century, the focus was on building eaves-standing houses.

At the beginning of the southeast is the street line Augustinerstraße 10 to 16. All houses on the street line were built around 1687 as tenement houses and are therefore among the oldest buildings on Augustinerstraße. The buildings go back to the initiative of Philipp Erwein von Schönborn . On the opposite side of the street from the old row of houses is the Augustinerstraße 21 structure. It dates from the 18th century and stands on the eaves. It has a cornice on the facade that visually separates the floors. In the course of time the building was increased so that it now has four floors. All floors have different floor heights. The house has plaster on the outside walls.

See also

literature

  • Ewald Wegner (editor) with the participation of Hans Caspary, Paul-Georg Custodis, Ludwig Falck and Gerd Rupprecht: Kulturdenkmäler in Rheinland-Pfalz. Monument topography Federal Republic of Germany. Volume 2.2: City of Mainz. Old town. Schwann, Düsseldorf 1988: pp. 124-141. ISBN 3-491-31036-9

Web links

Commons : Augustinerstraße  - collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ a b c d e f g h i j k l m Ewald Wegner (editor) with the participation of Hans Caspary, Paul-Georg Custodis, Ludwig Falck and Gerd Rupprecht: Kulturdenkmäler in Rheinland-Pfalz. Monument topography Federal Republic of Germany. Volume 2.2: City of Mainz. Old town. Schwann, Düsseldorf 1988: pp. 124-141. ISBN 3-491-31036-9
  2. ↑ a b c Directory of cultural monuments District-Free City of Mainz (PDF; 1.6 MB) on denkmallisten.gdke-rlp.de
  3. ↑ a b c The old town of Mainz: Augustinerstraße and Augustinerkirche ( Memento from May 4, 2015 in the Internet Archive ) on the website of the city of Mainz

Coordinates: 49 ° 59 ′ 48.5 ″  N , 8 ° 16 ′ 29.6 ″  E