Koryak Autonomous Okrug
The Korjak Autonomous Okrug ( Russian Корякский автономный округ / Korjakski awtonomny okrug , Korjak Чав'чываокруг) was an administrative unit ( Autonomous Okrug ) in Russia until June 30, 2007 . On October 23, 2005, after a referendum, the merger with the Kamchatka Oblast was decided. This took place on July 1, 2007 ; with the Kamchatka region, a new federal subject was created.
geography
The Autonomous Okrug took the northern half of the Kamchatka Peninsula between the Okhotsk and Bering Seas and also spread to mainland Russia in the Koryak Mountains . The island of Karaginski off the east coast belonged to the district . The district had an area of 293,899 km².
population
The former district is one of the most sparsely populated and remote regions in Russia. The indigenous peoples of Siberia ( Koryaks , Chukchi , Itelmens and Evens ) made up around 40% of the population in this area. Around 55% were Slavs ( Russians , Ukrainians and Belarusians ). During the Soviet era there were also quite a few Koreans , Tatars and Mordvins , but they have almost completely emigrated in the meantime. The capital of the district was Palana .
| Ethnic group | VZ 1939 | VZ 1959 | VZ 1970 | VZ 1979 | VZ 1989 | VZ 2002 | ||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| number | % | number | % | number | % | number | % | number | % | number | % | |||||
| Koryaks | 6,855 | 27.2% | 5.101 | 18.5% | 5,893 | 19.1% | 5,660 | 16.2% | 6,572 | 16.5% | 6,710 | 26.7% | ||||
| Russians | 13,794 | 54.8% | 16,674 | 60.6% | 19,522 | 63.1% | 22,493 | 64.5% | 24,773 | 62.0% | 12,719 | 50.6% | ||||
| Chukchi | 1,267 | 5.0% | 1,062 | 3.9% | 1,164 | 3.8% | 1,222 | 3.5% | 1,460 | 3.7% | 1,412 | 5.6% | ||||
| Itelmenen | k.Ang. 1 | ?,?% | 900 | 3.3% | 970 | 3.1% | 1.002 | 2.9% | 1,179 | 3.0% | 1,181 | 4.7% | ||||
| Ukrainians | 847 | 3.4% | 1.310 | 4.8% | 1,186 | 3.8% | 1999 | 5.7% | 2,896 | 7.3% | 1,029 | 4.1% | ||||
| Ewenen | 714 | 2.8% | 520 | 1.9% | 613 | 2.0% | 476 | 1.4% | 713 | 1.8% | 751 | 3.0% | ||||
| Other | 1,683 1 | 6.7% | 1,958 | 7.1% | 1,569 | 5.1% | 1999 | 5.7% | 2,347 | 5.9% | 1,355 | 5.4% | ||||
| Residents | 25.160 | 100% | 27,525 | 100% | 30,917 | 100% | 34,851 | 100% | 39,940 | 100% | 25,157 | 100% | ||||
| 1 801 people were counted under the collective term other Siberian peoples ; probably mostly Itelmenen. | ||||||||||||||||
Urban settlements
| City settlement | Russian name | Residents (January 1, 2006) |
|---|---|---|
| Palana | Палана | 3,910 |
| Ossora | Оссора | 2,288 |
Administrative structure until June 30, 2007
(Resident on January 1, 2006)
| # | Rajon | Residents | Urban population | Village population | Administrative headquarters |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 4th | Karaginsk | 5,085 | 2,288 | 2,797 | Ossora |
| 6th | Oljutor | 6,434 | - | 6,434 | Tilichiki |
| 7th | Penschina | 2,731 | - | 2,731 | Kamenskoye |
| 9 | Tigil | 8,935 | 3,910 | 5,025 | Tigil |
history
In the middle of the 17th century the Russians came into contact with the Koryaks in the north of the Kamchatka Peninsula . In contrast to the south of the peninsula, however, no large urban settlements developed. The autonomous district was founded in 1930 .
economy
The most important industries in the area include fishing , wood processing and reindeer herding . In addition, Korjakien has significant raw material deposits ( platinum ).