Avionics

from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

The avionics - a portmanteau word consisting of aviation (from lat. Avis = bird ) and electronics - is a term used in aerospace engineering and the assembly called the electrical and electronic equipment on board an aircraft , including electronic flight instruments . However, electronic applications in cabin systems are excluded from this. The term avionics was coined in the USA around the 1960s.

Categories

Avionics (radar system) in a Cessna 501
Flight control and management systems
The flight control and management systems include the autopilot , the flight management system ( FMS ) and the electronics for fly-by-wire flight control systems ( FBW ) as well as flight monitoring devices such as B. Collision Warning Systems ( TCAS ). The aircraft systems, such as B. the engines are monitored by the following systems: EFIS , ECAM or EICAS , FADEC .
communication
The communication systems are divided into intercommunication systems for communication in the aircraft and the aeronautical radio systems for speech and text ( Future Air Navigation System ( FANS )).
navigation
The navigation devices are divided into radio navigation such as rotary radio beacon ( VOR ), instrument landing system ( ILS ), omnidirectional radio beacon ( NDB ), distance measuring device ( DME ) and radio compass ( ADF / RDF ), global navigation satellite system ( GPS ) and inertial navigation (INS).
Show
Sensors
Radar systems are divided into weather radars and air and ground radar systems , which are usually reserved for the military sector .
Infrared targeting systems and forward looking infrared on military aircraft.
Mission systems
Bus systems
AFDX (also ARINC 664 )
an Ethernet- based standard for networking avionics components in an aircraft.
ARINC 429
Classic data bus for commercial aircraft
ARINC 629
Data bus for civil aircraft ( Boeing 777 )
ARINC 717
Data bus to the flight data recording device
CAN
Data bus for subsystems, e.g. according to ARINC 825 ( Airbus A380 , A350 )
MIL-STD-1553 (short
MIL bus)
Data bus for military aircraft
STANAG 3910 ( MIL bus + optical data transmission)
Data bus for military aircraft
TTP
Data bus for time-controlled communication in the field of safety-critical aerospace applications; TTTech's time-controlled TTP protocol is the first high-speed data bus that is used in both commercial and military aircraft (e.g. Boeing 787 , Airbus A380, F-16 from Lockheed Martin , M-346 from Aermacchi )

Others

Many other computers and devices are used in modern aircraft. The devices are usually grouped together in a specific area below the cabin floor or near the cockpit , the avionics compartment (also known as the avionics bay ). In order to reduce the increasing number of necessary computers and control devices , the principle of "Integrated Modular Avionics" ( IMA ) was developed at the beginning of 2000 .

literature

  • Friedrich Hesse, Werner Hesse: Electrical engineering and avionics. Hitzeroth, Marburg 1988, ISBN 3-925944-32-X .
  • Ian Moir, Allan Seabridge: Civil avionics systems. Professional Engineering Publ., London 2003, ISBN 1-86058-342-3 .
  • Ian Moir, Allan Seabridge: Military avionics systems. John Wiley, Chichester 2007, ISBN 0-470-01632-9 .
  • Joe Johnston: Avionics for the pilot - an introduction to navigational and radio systems for aircraft. Crowood, Ramsbury 2007, ISBN 978-1-86126-896-9 .
  • Holger Flühr: Avionics and air traffic control technology . Springer, Heidelberg 2010, ISBN 978-3-642-01611-0 .

Web links

Commons : Avionics  - collection of images, videos and audio files
Wiktionary: Avionics  - explanations of meanings, word origins, synonyms, translations
  • John F. Hanaway: Space Shuttle Avionics System. (PDF; 9.2 MB) Aviation safety announcements. NASA, 1989, p. 82 , accessed January 24, 2012 (English).
  • At war with avionics. (PDF; 574 kB) Aviation safety notices. Luftfahrt-Bundesamt (LBA), 1990, p. 8 , accessed on January 24, 2012 .

Individual evidence

  1. Holger Flühr: Avionics and Air Traffic Control Technology - Introduction to Communication Technology, Navigation, Surveillance. Springer, Heidelberg 2010, ISBN 978-3-642-01611-0 , pp. 2ff .; @google books