Babstadt

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Babstadt
City of Bad Rappenau
Babstadt coat of arms before incorporation
Coordinates: 49 ° 14 ′ 31 ″  N , 9 ° 3 ′ 29 ″  E
Height : 246 m
Area : 6.65 km²
Residents : 1103  (2009)
Population density : 166 inhabitants / km²
Incorporation : 1st January 1971
Postal code : 74906
Area code : 07268

Babstadt is a village in the Heilbronn district that has belonged to the city of Bad Rappenau since January 1, 1971 .

geography

Babstadt is located about three kilometers west of Bad Rappenau in the hilly landscape of the Kraichgau in the source area of ​​the Mühlbach , a left tributary of the Neckar .

history

Like the neighboring towns of Bonfeld and Fürfeld , Babstadt was in Roman times in the then densely wooded supply area of ​​the Roman forts of the Neckar-Odenwald-Limes . A Roman farmyard ( villa rustica ) was located near Babstadt around 150 AD , but its stones were probably built in the 16th and 17th centuries. Century for the construction of the houses of the meanwhile created place were excavated, so that during excavations after 1997 only foundation walls and cellar fragments could be exposed.

The exact origin of today's settlement in Babstadt is unknown. There are no finds from the Alemannic-Franconian period in the Babstadt district, but there are proven in the area. The place was first mentioned in 976 in a deed of donation to the diocese of Worms as Babestat . Subject to the usual problems with the interpretation, the place name is interpreted as "place of Babo", that is, as the court of a Franconian regional king, precisely that Babo. An alternative interpretation is that it could have been the home of a babe , an old woman.

The diocese of Worms enfeoffed various lords with the estate (lords of Wattenheim, von Stein, von Frankenstein, von Rosenberg). In 1496 an Ulrich chapel is mentioned, which was a branch chapel of the church in Obergimpern .

Striking historical buildings in the center of Babstadt

In the 16th century the lords of Ehrenberg were feudal lords in Babstadt. The heiress of Heinrich von Ehrenberg, Brigitte, took the place with her in 1560 when she married Leonhard Kottwitz von Aulenbach . The town's mansion was destroyed in the Thirty Years' War . From 1649 to 1732 the owners changed again in quick succession, u. a. Major Sebastian von Möschlitz built a new mansion on the foundations of the destroyed mansion in 1650, which fell apart a few years later, and the gentlemen of Neipperg also briefly appeared as owners. The rider colonel Adolf von Kimming, who acquired the place from the Neipperg in 1711, completely rebuilt the manor house with ancillary buildings in 1712 and expanded the chapel into a church.

In 1713 Babstadt came to a Count von Dernath, in 1717 to a Count Gyldenstern. From this the brothers Reinhard (1677–1750), Eberhard (1688–1767), Friedrich (1691–1738) and Ludwig (1694–1771) von Gemmingen-Hornberg acquired the place and the manorial estate on March 26, 1732 Subsequent inheritance from the Lords of Gemmingen , Babstadt fell to Friedrich, who in 1738 had the church converted into a Baroque church.

Babstadt Castle

After the Reichsdeputationshauptschluss of 1803, Babstadt fell to the Landgraviate of Hesse-Darmstadt and through the Rhenish Federal Act of 1806 as an independent place to the Grand Duchy of Baden . The population in 1806 was 240 people.

The Jewish community of Babstadt existed in the 18th and 19th centuries. Jews are mentioned for the first time on the occasion of a change of ownership in 1713. In 1721 the community numbered 21 people. A lion Benjamin became known who was involved in the murder of Heidelberg mayor Gabel in Frankfurt in 1738 and was therefore extradited to the city of Frankfurt in 1740. The Jewish community in Babstadt has always remained small. In 1826 there were three families, in 1864 there were 11 people. By 1900 there were no longer any Jews living in Babstadt.

In 1898 the gentlemen of Gemmingen demolished the old manor house in Babstadt and built today's Babstadt Castle, which is surrounded by fortified walls, in its place by 1911 . In 1908 the dilapidated baroque church was extensively renovated and rebuilt.

In 1925 the farms Unterbiegelhof and Oberbiegelhof were incorporated into Babstadt. In 1939 there were 376 inhabitants, at the end of 1945 there were 420. After the Second World War, displaced persons were quartered in the castle, after which it was used as a retirement home and later as a gallery. Babstadt was incorporated into Bad Rappenau on January 1, 1971 and at that time had 565 inhabitants. The castle was extensively renovated in the late 1990s and is now used again as the residence of members of the von Gemmingen family. Babstadt gradually grew towards the east, as several residential areas were created on the Gewannen Klärwiesen (1964), Heckenäcker , Weisäcker (1965) and Herriisbrunnen (1971).

coat of arms

The blazon of the coat of arms reads: In red on a golden branch sitting a silver bird ready to fly, which holds a leafy golden branch in its beak.

Attractions

  • Babstadt Castle , built from 1898 to 1911 in the historicism style
  • Former estate manager's house, built in 1818
  • Evangelical Church , originally a baroque building from 1738, rebuilt in 1908, renovated in 1975
  • Outside Babstadt is the historic Oberbiegelhof estate , built in 1753 by the Lords of Helmstatt , which goes back to the hamlet of Büchelbach, which was mentioned in the Middle Ages

  • Protestant church

  • Former Manor's house

  • Citizen's Office

  • Oberbiegelhof

Sons and daughters

  • Karl von Gemmingen-Hornberg (1857–1935), administrative lawyer, district director in Forbach and Strasbourg and district president in Lorraine.

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ See at LEO-BW
  2. ↑ Roland Franke: The place names of Bad Rappenau and the districts according to meaning and origin explained. In: Bad Rapenauer Heimatbote 8, 1996, pp. 36-38.
  3. ↑ Communications from the Württ. And Bad. State Statistical Office No. 2: Results of the population census on December 31, 1945 in North Baden
  4. ^ Federal Statistical Office (ed.): Historical municipality directory for the Federal Republic of Germany. Name, border and key number changes in municipalities, counties and administrative districts from May 27, 1970 to December 31, 1982 . W. Kohlhammer, Stuttgart / Mainz 1983, ISBN 3-17-003263-1 , p. 478 .
  5. ↑ https://www.leo-bw.de/de_DE/web/guest/detail-gis/-/Detail/details/ORT/labw_ortslexikon/1806/Babstadt+%5BAltgemeinde-Teilort%5D

literature

  • Gustav Neuwirth: History of the City of Bad Rappenau . City of Bad Rappenau, Bad Rappenau 1978

Web links

Commons : Babstadt  - collection of images, videos and audio files