Railway depot Dresden-Altstadt
Coordinates: 51 ° 2 ′ 20 " N , 13 ° 42 ′ 42" E
The Dresden-Altstadt depot is a former depot in Dresden . Today only a few parts of the original facilities still exist. The Dresden Old Town Railway Museum is located there today .
Location
The Bahnbetriebswerk (Bw) was located in the Dresden district of Südvorstadt on the border with Löbtau . It was on the Dresden – Werdau railway line , which passes directly to the west. The Nossener Bridge bordered the plant to the north, Zwickauer Strasse to the east and Würzburger Strasse to the south. The railway museum uses the remaining facilities located furthest north directly at the Nossener bridge.
With the Dresden Transport Museum , the Dresden Tram Museum and the Museum of the History of the Windberg Railway , there are three other Dresden museums about rail-bound transport.
history
Depot
The creation of the later depot is linked to the expansion of the Bohemian railway station . The first expansion of this station, which opened on August 1, 1848, was necessary just a few years after it opened. From 1861 to 1864 the Dresden-Altstadt station was built, which took over freight traffic from the Bohemian station. A second expansion followed in 1871 and 1872, during which a boiler house for 20 locomotives, later boiler house 1, and a coal shed were built on the site of what would later be the Dresden-Altstadt depot. Four years later, the coal shed was extended and - after the Weißeritzmühlgraben had been relocated - construction began on boiler house 2, which was completed in 1877, with 19 stalls. A three-story extension to boiler house 1 built in 1884 offered changing rooms as well as overnight and washing facilities for the staff and housed an elevated tank for the water supply.
When the railway junction in Dresden was rebuilt in the 1890s, the facilities were further expanded. The cramped spatial conditions at the newly built Dresden Central Station made it necessary to expand the operating facilities. In the years 1893 and 1894, boiler houses 3 and 4 and an administrative building in between were built. Also in connection with the construction of the new main station, sidings for passenger trains were built next to the Dresden-Altstadt station, which went into operation on May 1, 1896.
The upcoming commissioning of the Saxon XVIII H in 1917 required an extension of the 18 meter turntable at Heizhaus 1 to 23 meters. Shortly thereafter, additional buildings followed: At boiler house 3, there was an extension of eleven and at boiler house 4 of five shed tracks to the rear: the latter were then used for locomotive repairs.
The establishment of the Deutsche Reichsbahn-Gesellschaft (DRG) in 1924 initially resulted in a change of name: The boiler house management became the depot and thus the Dresden-Altstadt depot was formally established. Shortly thereafter, the DRG restructured the workshop service and closed the locomotive department of the Dresden-Friedrichstadt Reichsbahn repair shop in 1929 . To this end, a locomotive workshop with seven repair tracks and an open sliding platform field was built south of boiler house 4 from 1926 . The Dresden-Altstadt depot thus reached its greatest extent from the Nossener Bridge to Würzburger Strasse.
The railway depot survived the first air raids on Dresden during World War II without major damage. It was not until the Allied air raid on April 17, 1945 that the Dresden railway systems were primarily targeted and that the systems were almost completely destroyed. Only boiler house 4 and the administration building remained largely intact. No locomotive survived the attacks in an operational manner and no operation was possible until May 13, 1945. The repair of the roof of the workshop did not begin until April 1948 and in the following month the reconstruction of boiler house 4. Since the associated turntable was only 18 meters long, a locomotive shed for long tender locomotives was still missing . This was built from 1953 onwards in place of boiler house 1, but only with eight beam tracks, as the Nossener Bridge was rebuilt further south.
In 1967, the amalgamation of the Dresden depot with the headquarters at Dresden-Friedrichstadt station accelerated its decline. Since then it has only been called "Betriebteil Zwickauer Straße" and was responsible for the remaining steam locomotives. After their operation in Dresden was stopped on September 25, 1977, the only thing left for the depot was to supply the heating locomotives and the steam locomotives from Kamenz and Bautzen, which were being restored here. In addition, the stationing and maintenance of small diesel locomotives for shunting services began in the 1970s . After the fall of the Berlin Wall , the location was gradually abandoned by Deutsche Bahn .
Railway Museum
A significant part of the railway collection of the Dresden Transport Museum has been on the old town's premises since the 1970s. The former boiler house 1 has been home to the operational traditional locomotives since 1977. In 1999 the association “IG Bw Dresden-Altstadt e. V. “an interest group for the preservation of the location. Two years later, the DB Museum in Nuremberg decided to set up another museum in the Dresden-Altstadt depot next to the depot of the Dresden Transport Museum , which opened on May 18, 2002. A few months later, in connection with the Elbe flood in 2002 , the museum area was flooded by the Weißeritz , as it is located in a depression that was formerly also used by the Weißeritzmühlgraben.
As early as 2005, however, the DB Museum withdrew and left the location to the association. In the same year, parts of the depot was demolished to make room for a modern maintenance hall for DB Regio , which was completed in 2007. However, this also meant the temporary end of the steam locomotive festivals held between 1991 and 2004. Since 2006 the museum has been called "Eisenbahnmuseum Bw Dresden-Altstadt". Since then, its sponsoring association has carried out extensive measures to preserve the historic facilities and vehicles.
Vehicle inventory
The Dresden-Altstadt depot was mainly home to passenger and express train locomotives.
Land railroad time
see also: List of Saxon locomotives and railcars
During the Länderbahn era, only Saxon locomotives were stationed in Dresden's old town. At first the genera VIII 1 , VIII 2 , VIII V 1 and VIII V2 dominated . The express train locomotives of the classes X H1 , XII H , XII HV , XII H1 and XII H2 and, for mixed service, the Saxon XIV HT were added later. The last large Saxon express locomotives, the Saxon XVIII H and the Saxon XX HV , also found their home here shortly before and shortly after the end of the First World War. In addition, shunting locomotives were stationed in the depot.
German State Railroad Company
In 1919, with the stationing of the Prussian P 8, non-Saxon locomotives were first housed. In the following year, the Prussian P 4 was added as another non-domestic locomotive series and the Prussian P 10 and the Prussian T 14 were soon at home in Dresden's old town. The Prussian locomotives led to the rapid retirement of older and numerically weak Saxon locomotive series in the 1920s.
From May 17, 1936, Dresden's old town was home to the streamlined 61 001 of the Henschel-Wegmann train . The sister locomotive 61 002 joined them in January 1940. In the years 1936 and 1937, the depot received standardized steam locomotives of the fourth series of the 01 series , which were used, among other things, to replace the Henschel-Wegmann train. Towards the end of the Second World War, these locomotives were moved to depots to the west and Dresden-Altstadt received, among other things, class 41 locomotives as replacements .
German Reichsbahn
In the post-war years, there was a great shortage of usable machines, especially in high-quality passenger train service. At the beginning of the 1950s, a total of 25 machines from the 18.0, 38.10-40 and 39 series were available for this purpose. In addition, 61 002, which remained in the east, was still in service. In 1953 and 1954, Dresden-Altstadt received three coal dust locomotives , two French loners DR 07 1001 and DR 08 1001 , as well as a class 03.10 locomotive . However, these locomotives did not prove themselves in use. A little later, more class 03.10 locomotives were added, but rust-fired. However, all 03.10 were replaced by class 03 locomotives and new class 23.10 locomotives by the end of the decade . Also, a second new types of locomotives, the series 65.10 came at this time to Dresden-Altstadt, just like the Reko locomotives of DR Class 22 . For the Saxon express train locomotives, however, the shutdown began in 1957 .
In order to cope with the strong increase in traffic in the north-south direction, the Bahnbetriebswerk, now operating as the Zwickauer Strasse section , was reassigned class 01 locomotives in 1967 and 1968 after more than 20 years; In mid-1968 nine machines were stationed here. The other steam locomotives in the passenger train service were shut down or taken out of service at the end of the 1960s and the beginning of the 1970s, as diesel locomotives of the V 180 series were increasingly available or the lines starting from Dresden were gradually electrified . The last scheduled steam deployment took place on September 25, 1977 between Dresden and Berlin on 01 2204 and 01 2207.
museum
Some steam locomotives came straight from the locomotive inventory of the depot to the Dresden Transport Museum. On September 15, 18 010, 58 201 (later exchanged for 58 261 because of the better condition), 89 008, 98 001 and 98 7056. 38 205, 99 162 and 99 535 of other Saxon railway depots added to the collection and were in Dresden - Old town backed up. With the exception of 18 010, these locomotives are now in various museums. 18 010 was dismantled in 1974 in favor of the Sachsenstolzes 19 017, so that only the built-in driver's cab, the tender, and a driving axle remained.
Today, the actual inventory of the Dresden-Altstadt Railway Museum includes the following steam locomotives: 01 137 , 03 001 , 19 017 , 62 015 and 89 6009 . They are on loan from the transport museums in Dresden and Nuremberg . A steam storage locomotive , the shunting diesel locomotive 102 188 and the electric locomotive E 77 10 are also part of the collection. The museum also includes a battery-powered towing vehicle, two slewing rail cranes and a permanently installed Ruge crane.
Together with other locomotives that are parked in the neighboring depot of the Dresden Transport Museum , the sponsoring association of the Railway Museum looks after more than ten steam and around five diesel locomotives as well as several motor and work cars .
literature
- EK -Topic 14: Dresden Railway Depot , 1994.
- Kurt Kaiß / Matthias Hengst: Dresden's Railway: 1894–1994. Alba publication, Düsseldorf 1994. ISBN 3-87094-350-5
Web links
Individual evidence
- ↑ a b c d EK-Topics 14: Dresdner Bahnbetriebswerke , page 12ff, 1994.
- ↑ EK Topics 14: Dresdner Bahnbetriebswerke , chapter: Locomotive use 1895–1920, page 20f, 1994.
- ↑ a b EK Topics 14: Dresdner Bahnbetriebswerke , Chapter: Locomotive Service 1920–1945, Page 22ff, 1994.
- ↑ a b c d Kaiß / Hengst: Dresdens Eisenbahn , page 178ff, 1994.
- ↑ EK Topics 14: Dresdner Bahnbetriebswerke , Chapter: Locomotive Service 1945–1967, page 29ff, 1994.