Bakunin Hut

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The Bakuninhütte near Meiningen , with the Fritz Scherer memorial stone in the foreground.
Bakunin Hut
Signpost to the Bakunin hut
The hut is named after: Mikhail Bakunin
Stick nail of the Bakunin hut

The Bakuninhütte is a cultural monument of anarchosyndicalism near Meiningen on the 498 meter high mountain Hohe Maas . The hut is named after Mikhail Bakunin , a Russian revolutionary , anarchist and opponent of Karl Marx .

The Bakuninhütte, the Bakunin memorial stone belonging to it and the historical property have been recognized as a cultural monument by the Thuringian State Office for Monument Preservation and Archeology for historical and scientific reasons since September 2015 . This status relates to the historical function of this place: originally as a refuge, later as a destination for excursions and hiking and as a training and recreation center for the labor movement .

The Bakuninhütte has been a Friends of Nature connection house since October 2018 .

Hut saying

The hut motto was written by Meininger Max Baewert and read:

Free land and free hut,
free spirit and free word,
free people, free custom
always draws me to this place

A plaque with the hut motto was once attached to the west side of the building. It was made by the stone sculptor Heinrich Walz. Walz chose a clear, no-frills font and added two symbols of the labor movement to the board with the five-pointed star, hammer and sickle. Writing and symbols were kept in black, the color of the anarchist movement. Walz also created the Bakunin memorial stone. A reproduction of the plaque has been in the original location of the building since 2015.

history

In the early days of the Weimar Republic , unionized workers in Meiningen founded a local branch of the Free Workers' Union of Germany (FAUD) in 1919 . From 1919 to 1933 it was the most important organization of German anarcho-syndicalism .

Already in the year after the foundation, the Meiningen syndicalists acquired a ½ hectare property on the Hohe Maas, about an hour's walk from the city center , in the Ellingshausen district . From 1920 to 1925 they worked the land in collective labor to get over the times of need until the supply situation improved. In 1925 they built the first “Bakunin Refuge ” from field stones . With the official entry date of January 26, 1927, the syndicalists founded the "settlement association mutual aid ". In further expansion stages, a massive two-story stone building was created. The free Bakunin hut soon became a meeting point not only for working-class families from the area, but also for anarcho-syndicalists and free spirits from all over the republic. The first summer camp of the Syndicalist-Anarchist Youth of Germany was held on the Hohe Maas, the publicist Erich Mühsam was a guest in 1930. With Fritz Scherer , an anarchist vagabond , the hut even had a keeper for a few months . The hut and the property were freely available to everyone, including the self-made chain carousel for the children. After all, the building served as a training and recreation center for the syndicalist movement and was to be expanded again for this purpose. The book of Bakuninhütte is with its almost 200 entries an insight into the diverse cultural life between Easter and Pentecost 1931 1,933th

The second expansion began in 1932, and in the following year the National Socialists banned FAUD and dissolved the settlement association. The board with the hut slogan was smashed. The SS -Meiningen used the area as accommodation and training ground. In 1938 a party member bought the hut and in 1945 it was expropriated by the Soviets . The building passed into the possession of the SED against the will of the building community, and was used by the FDJ as a hostel and for holiday camps , among others . From 1964 the area and the hut were used by a “working group 'Hohe Maas' of nature and homeland friends of the German Cultural Association ” for a “teaching and research station for nature and homeland care”. In 1967 the 13th Volkspolizei-Ready Meiningen took over the area and the management staff chose the hut as their quarters. Several hundreds completed the military part of their training here.

The Hohe Maas was a restricted area until the fall of the Berlin Wall , and it was not until the Federal Property Office took over the area in 1990 that the area was again accessible to civilians . At the same time, people came together who were interested in the history of the hut and wanted to preserve it as a living monument. In 2006 they founded the “Bakuninhütte e. V. Meiningen ”, who uses and maintains the hut. In 2015 the association achieved the recognition of the Bakuninhütte as the first cultural monument of the anarcho-syndicalist movement in Germany. In the same year, on the day of the open monument, a reproduction of the plaque with the hut motto was unveiled.

Awards

  • 2019: Erich-Mühsam-Förderpreis, for the distribution of souvenirs and works by Erich Mühsam
  • 2019: Hermann Brill Special Prize, for outstanding volunteer work

literature

Books

  • Hiking Association Bakuninhütte e. V., Meiningen, and Erich-Mühsam-Gesellschaft e. V., Lübeck (Ed.): Erich Mühsam in Meiningen. A historical overview of anarcho-syndicalism in Thuringia: The Bakuninhütte and its socio-cultural background (conference proceedings) (=  writings of the Erich Mühsam Society . No. 41 ). Edition AV , Lich 2015, ISBN 978-3-86841-156-0 .
  • Helge Döhring (Ed.): The Reichsferienlager of the Syndicalist-Anarchist Youth of Germany in Thuringia and the Bakuninhütte. Certificates and documents (1928–1933) (=  Edition Syfo . No. 5 ). Bremen 2014 ( wordpress.com [accessed June 15, 2014]).
  • Hiking Association Bakuninhütte e. V. (Ed.): Rebellenheil. Commemorative script for Fritz Scherer. Vagabond, wanderer, hut warden, anarchist . Karin Kramer Verlag, Berlin 2010, ISBN 978-3-87956-350-0 (With DVD Landstrasse, Customers, Vagabonds . Part 1 and 2 of an RBB production).
  • Christoph Höfer, Marian Luck, Kai Richarz: What is left of the Bakuninhütte? Ilmenau-Kolleg , 2010 ( seminar paper ).
  • Initiative group for the recovery of the Bakuninhütte (ed.): The Bakuninhütte in the past and present . Free Workers' Union, Halle 1993.

items

  • Kai Richarz: From the field to the holiday and training home. An insight into the history of the Bakunin Hut and its socio-cultural background . In: Hiking Association Bakuninhütte e. V., Meiningen, and Erich-Mühsam-Gesellschaft e. V., Lübeck (Ed.): Erich Mühsam in Meiningen. A historical overview of anarcho-syndicalism in Thuringia: The Bakuninhütte and its sociocultural background (conference volume) (=  writings of the Erich Mühsam Society . Volume 41 ). Edition AV, Lich 2015, ISBN 978-3-86841-156-0 , pp. 55-77 .
  • Kai Richarz: The history of the Bakunin hut . In: Hennebergisch-Fränkischer Geschichtsverein, Kloster Veßra (Ed.): Yearbook 2012 of the Hennebergisch-Fränkischer Geschichtsverein . tape 27 . Salier Verlag, Kloster Veßra, Meiningen, Münnerstadt 2012, ISBN 978-3-939611-71-4 , p. 265-290 .
  • Be a helper during construction! In: The Syndicalist . No. 38 , 1931 ( syndikalismusforschung.info at the Institute for Syndikalismusforschung [accessed on February 17, 2018] article about the Bakuninhütte).
  • Peter Nowak : The free hut . In: New Germany . January 5, 2011 ( neue-deutschland.de [accessed February 17, 2018]).

Web links

Commons : Bakuninhütte  - Collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ^ First cultural monument of the anarcho-syndicalist movement in Germany! Bakuninhütte hiking club, accessed on February 17, 2018 .
  2. ↑ Politics in the green - The Bakuninhütte is a NaturFreunde connection house. Bakuninhütte hiking club, October 29, 2018, accessed on April 5, 2019 .
  3. ↑ Open Monument Day 2015. Bakunin Hut Hiking Club, accessed on February 17, 2018 . .
  4. ↑ Uwe Flurschütz: Bakuninhütte near Meiningen is looking for tradition and new life. (No longer available online.) Grassroots Revolution , August 22, 2010, archived from the original on September 15, 2017 ; accessed on February 17, 2018 . Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www.graswurzel.net
  5. ^ Kai Richarz: The Bakuninhütte near Meiningen (Thuringia). On the history and importance of an anarcho-syndicalist vacation home. A source edition from the Bakunin Hut guest book . Berlin 2016, DNB  1193491584 , p. 74, 26 pages , doi : 10.17169 / refubium-4056 ( bakuninhuette.de ).
  6. ↑ The association introduces itself. Bakuninhütte hiking club, accessed on February 17, 2018 .
  7. ↑ The hiking club receives the Erich Mühsam sponsorship award. In: Club website. Wanderverein Bakuninhütte eV, October 29, 2019, accessed on November 16, 2019 .
  8. ^ Hermann Brill special price for the Bakunin hut. In: Club website. Wanderverein Bakuninhütte eV, September 26, 2019, accessed on November 19, 2019 .

Coordinates: 50 ° 33 '46 "  N , 10 ° 27' 44.4"  E