Banderia prutenorum
The banderia prutenorum ( "banner of Prussia") by Jan Długosz (Johannes Longinus) from 1448 is one of the most important timely sources Battle of Tannenberg (1410) as well as the captured there German religious banner of the Battle of Grunwald .
content
The manuscript on 48 parchment sheets, 18.6 × 29.3 cm in size, was illustrated by Stanisław Durink . It shows 56 vexillae or banners of the Teutonic Order , as they were captured in the battle of Tannenberg. Overall, the representation is incomplete, as the Teutonic Knights were not completely wiped out in the battle and thus not all banners fell into Polish hands.
The Banderia Prutenorum is also significant because in it a Polish scholar refers to the Teutonic Knights, who had conquered the Pruzzen territory in the previous 180 years , as "Prussians". In this manuscript the German place names were reproduced, including the following commanderies :
Culm , Pomesanien , Graudenz , Balga , Schönsee , Stargard , Zambia , Tuchel , Stuhm , Nessau , Westphalia , Rogasen , Elbing , Engelsburg , Strasburg , Chełm , Brettchen and Neumark, Braunsberg .
The Teutonic Order banners captured in 1410 were kept in the Wawel Cathedral in Krakow until 1603 , after which they are no longer mentioned and around 1800, shortly after the occupation of Krakow by imperial troops, their trace is lost in Vienna. The Banderia Prutenorum manuscript was kept in Krakow. In 1940 it was handed over to Marienburg by Hans Frank , Governor General of occupied Poland as a whole, with the banners from 1900 . Immediately after 1945 it was considered lost. After it was found in a London second-hand bookstore and repurchased by Poland, the book is now in the possession of the Jagiellonian University Library . The content was not published until 1850.
The destroyed Teutonic Order banners were completely renovated in 1962 and 2009.
Edition
- Sven Ekdahl: The «Banderia Prutenorum» by Jan Długosz, a source on the battle of Tannenberg in 1410. Investigations into the structure, origin and source value of the manuscript. (= Treatises of the Academy of Sciences in Göttingen, Philological-Historical Class, Third Volume, No. 104), Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht, Göttingen 1976, ISBN 3-525-82382-7 .
Web links
- Digitized
- Facsimile of Banderia Prutenorum, pages 1 recto through 11 recto.
- Facsimile of Banderia Prutenorum, pages 10 verso through 20 verso.
- Facsimile of Banderia Prutenorum, pages 20 verso through 30 verso.
- Facsimile of Banderia Prutenorum, pages 30 verso through 40 verso.
- Facsimile of Banderia Prutenorum, pages 40 verso through 48 verso.
- Flags in the 'Banderia Prutenorum' manuscript. Flags of the World site.
- Digital copy of the copy of Mscr.Dresd.G.4,13
- Banderia Prutenorum / based on the Dlugos handwriting ed. by FA Vossberg . - Berlin, 1849 .
References and comments
- ↑ The Prussian Federation , founded in 1440 , which was in opposition to the Teutonic Order, continued to use this name.
- ↑ Józef Mitkowski Jan Dlugosz, Warszawa, 1988