Barthélemy Louis Joseph Schérer
Barthélemy Louis Joseph Schérer (born December 18, 1747 in Delle (dt. Dattenried), then Alsace , today Territoire de Belfort , † August 19, 1804 in Chauny , Aisne department ) was a general of the French First Republic and Minister of War.
Life
Schérer entered Austrian and then Dutch military service and, when he returned to France in 1791, was captain in a line regiment. In 1793 he took part in the campaign on the Rhine as adjutant general of General Alexandre de Beauharnais , was promoted to Général de division in 1794 and was given supreme command of a division of the Sambre and Maas Army.
Since he conquered several Belgian cities and achieved some successes against the Austrians, Schérer was entrusted in 1795 with the high command of the Armée des Alpes . Soon afterwards he exchanged it for that of the "Armée des Pyrénées".
After the Peace of Basel (1795) he took over the supreme command in Italy in place of Kellermann , but gave it to Bonaparte on February 23, 1796 , since he was accused of inactivity after the victory at Loano (November 23 and 24) from.
In July 1797 he received the Ministry of War from the Directory , but had to resign from it because of his inability in 1799 and was sent again to Italy in Joubert's place.
But on March 26th near Pastrengo , on 30th near Verona and on 5th April near Magnano by the Austrians under Kray and pushed back behind the Mincio and Oglio , he relinquished command to Moreau and retired to his estate Chauny (Aisne ), where he died on August 19, 1804.
Honors
His name is entered on the triumphal arch in Paris in the 33rd column.
Works
- Précis des opérations militaires de l'armée de l'Italie depuis le 21 ventôse jusqu'au 7 floréal de l'an VII . Paris 1799.
literature
- David G. Chandler: The campaigns of Napoleon . Weidenfeld & Nicolson, London 1998, ISBN 0-297-74830-0 .
- Charles Mullié: Biography of the célébrités militaires des armées de terre et de mer de 1789 à 1855 . Poignavant, Paris 1852 (2 vols.).
- Digby Smith: The Greenhill Napoleonic wars data book. Action and losses in personnel, colors, standars and artillery, 1792–1815 . Greenhill Books, London 1998, ISBN 978-1-85367-276-7 .
Web links
| predecessor | Office | successor |
|---|---|---|
| Lazare Hoche |
Minister of War of France July 22, 1797 - February 21, 1799 |
Louis Marie de Miletus de Mureau |
| personal data | |
|---|---|
| SURNAME | Schérer, Barthélemy Louis Joseph |
| BRIEF DESCRIPTION | French general |
| DATE OF BIRTH | December 18, 1747 |
| PLACE OF BIRTH | Dent |
| DATE OF DEATH | August 19, 1804 |
| Place of death | Chauny |