Barthélemy-Catherine Joubert
Barthélemy-Catherine Joubert (born April 14, 1769 in Pont-de-Vaux , Département Ain , France , † August 15, 1799 near Novi Ligure ) was a French general .
Life
Joubert studied law in Dijon . When the revolution broke out, he volunteered in an infantry battalion in 1791, joined the Army of the Rhine and in 1792 advanced to Sous-lieutenant . In 1793 he was captured as captain in the Armée des Alpes at the Colle di Tenda , but was soon released. In 1794 he was appointed adjutant general to the Armée d'Italie , in 1795 he advanced to colonel and brigade chief and after the battle of Loano (23/24 November 1795) to général de brigade .
In the Italian campaign of 1796, he earned Bonaparte's respect for his bravery and skill and, promoted to Général de division in 1797, distinguished himself at the siege of Mantua and in the battle of Rivoli (January 14/15, 1797). After conquering Trento on February 3 , he broke into Tyrol at the head of three divisions (March 20) , invaded the Adige Valley with constant fighting and united with the main army at Villach (April 8).
After he had been in command of the fortress of Mainz ( Armée de Mayence ) for a short time in Holland , he was given the command of the Italian army in October 1798 in place of General Brunes . He took Turin and the other permanent places in Piedmont , forced the King of Sardinia, Charles Emanuel IV , to abdicate and wanted, like Piedmont, to make Tuscany a republic when the Directory ordered him to stop. In Paris, where Joubert returned with displeasure, he let himself be won over by Sieyès ' party, which tried to overthrow the Directory with the help of a popular general. But he should first acquire even more war fame and was therefore entrusted in Moreau's place with the supreme command of the army in northern Italy, where he went in the first days of August 1799.
In the battle of Novi (August 15, 1799) he was attacked by the entire Russian-Austrian army under Suvorov , threw himself into the tirailleur battle and fell through an enemy bullet.
His body was brought to Toulon after a legally ordered funeral and buried in Fort Lamalgue , which has since been known as " Fort Joubert ".
Honors
- His name can be found on the southern pillar (23rd column) of the triumphal arch on Place Charles de Gaulle ( Paris )
- His bust was placed in the Battle Gallery of the Palace of Versailles , which opened in 1837 .
literature
- David G. Chandler : The campaigns of Napoleon . Weidenfeld, London 1993, ISBN 0-297-81367-6 (unchanged reprint of the London 1966 edition)
- Charles Mullié: Biography of the célébrités militaires des armées de terre et de mer de 1798 à 1850 , vol. 1. Poignavant, Paris 1852.
- Jacques Schmitt: Joubert. La vie brève d'un grenadier bressan . Musnier-Gilbert, Bourg-en-Bresse 1999, ISBN 2-910267-20-2 .
- Jean Tulard (Ed.): Dictionnaire Napoléon . Fayard, Paris 1999, ISBN 2-213-60485-1 (2 vols.)
Web links
Individual evidence
| personal data | |
|---|---|
| SURNAME | Joubert, Barthélemy-Catherine |
| BRIEF DESCRIPTION | French general |
| DATE OF BIRTH | April 14, 1769 |
| PLACE OF BIRTH | Pont-de-Vaux , Ain department, France |
| DATE OF DEATH | August 15, 1799 |
| Place of death | Novi Ligure |