Bergstrasse (Dresden)
| Mountain road | |
|---|---|
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| The Bergstrasse at Fritz-Foerster-Platz | |
| Basic data | |
| place | Dresden |
| District | Südvorstadt , Räcknitz |
| Hist. Names | Dippoldiswaldaer Chaussee |
| Connecting roads | Fritz-Löffler-Strasse , Innsbrucker Strasse |
| Cross streets | Bayrische Strasse, Nürnberger Strasse , Nöthnitzer Strasse, Kohlenstrasse |
| Places | Fritz-Löffler-Platz, Fritz-Foerster-Platz |
| Buildings | Villa development, campus of the Technical University (including Mensa mountain road and Lecture Center ) |
| use | |
| User groups | Motor traffic , pedestrian traffic , bicycle traffic |
The mountain road is a city road in the south of Dresden city. It leads through the districts of Südvorstadt and Räcknitz and consists of two non-connected sections. While the northern section leads through a residential area with villas, the southern part, on which the federal highway 170 runs, functions as an important traffic axis and motorway feeder.
description
Already in the Middle Ages a road led from the Vorwerk Auswik (the former village "Uzmik" at today's Fritz-Foerster-Platz ) to Räcknitz , which went back to a path leading to the Ore Mountains and was called " Dippoldiswaldaer Chaussee" until 1855 . When Bergstrasse was expanded in 1840, its northern part up to Reichsstrasse (today's Fritz-Löffler-Strasse ) was given a villa development. The “Bergkeller” inn was built in 1848 on the area of the Auswik farm (from Sorb. “Usmyk” = valley access) and the A 32 post office at Bergstrasse 56 in 1915.
The northern part of Bergstrasse is on Bayrische Strasse near the main train station . From there, the two-lane street leads through a residential area with buildings predominantly from the 1950s and 1960s as well as some still existing villa buildings and ends in a turning hammer in front of the fork in Fritz-Löffler-Straße in Münchner and (southern) Bergstraße.
The longer southern part of Bergstrasse leads from Fritz-Löffler-Strasse out of town to Räcknitz and there it merges into Innsbrucker Strasse, where it crosses the outer city ring ( Nürnberger Strasse / Zellescher Weg ) at Fritz-Foerster-Platz , Nöthnitzer Strasse and the coal road .
At the intersection of Bergstrasse / Kohlenstrasse, a road house was built in 1847 to collect the tolls that are customary on the major arterial roads , but this was demolished in 1981.
The mountain road today
Between 2002 and 2005 the section from Münchner Straße - Südhöhe of Bergstraße was expanded to four lanes. Since then, this section of the B 170 has served as a feeder road to the A 17 . This section of the route was used by an average of 23,100 vehicles per day in 2005, of which 15.3% were heavy goods vehicles.
Several groups turned against the expansion of the Bergstrasse, which runs through the campus of the Technical University . These obtained court rulings that obliged the state capital Dresden to take countermeasures against the loads caused by the increased traffic.
The Saxon State Office for the Environment operates a measuring station for environmental monitoring on Bergstrasse . With regard to fine dust and nitrogen dioxide pollution , this has the highest values of the Saxon measuring stations and exceeds the limit values applicable throughout Germany in both categories.
traffic
From November 30, 1890, a horse-drawn tram line of the “Deutsche Straßenbahngesellschaft in Dresden” (“Rote”) ran across the “ Hohe Brücke ” and Bergstrasse to the “Bergkeller” restaurant, which was located in the now undeveloped triangle between Bergstrasse and Münchner Strasse. In 1899 the line was electrified and from 1905 to its end point at the “Elysium” inn, an excursion and dance venue with a ballroom (1890) in Alträcknitz . Due to the lack of traffic and the fact that only single railcars were allowed to travel between what was then Reichsplatz and Alträcknitz, the single-track line was closed on July 12, 1933.
With the relocation of the tram route to Plauen and the Südvorstadt along Fritz-Löffler-Straße at the end of the 1990s, the connection between Bergstraße and Münchner Straße was cut; since then it has consisted of two unconnected parts.
Development
During the air raids on Dresden in February 1945, most of the pre-war buildings on Bergstrasse were destroyed; the area of destruction ended roughly at Fritz-Löffler-Platz. Due to the development legislation of the GDR in 1946, the owners of the ruins were largely expropriated and the ruins of the villas were cleared. Only a few survived and were only poorly maintained until the end of the GDR. In the 1950s and 1960s, row buildings were erected from the Bernhardstraße intersection to Münchner Straße; individual buildings were preserved north of Münchner Straße. A larger development of the fallow land on Bergstrasse took place in the 1970s with the new cafeteria and three student dormitories, others did not take place until after 1990.
A Dresden branch of the Philipp Holzmann construction company already existed at Bergstrasse 2 before the war . After the fall of the Wall , the Philipp-Holzmann-Haus was built here from 1993 to 1995 based on designs by Novotny Mähner Associates . The building complex consists of two six-story, parallel wings that are connected to the foyer by a seven-story glass entrance hall. The foyer with its curved glass front forms the “most architecturally appealing part of the facility”. The curvature of the glass entrance hall was created as a response to the three glass, barrel-vaulted halls of Dresden Central Station . The seven-storey glass entrance front is flanked by the tower-like wing structures, which were designed with ox eyes .
At Bergstrasse 23, Dr. Lohse build the "Villa Olga" in the late classical style in 1867 . In 1873 Bernhardt acquired Otto Eisenstuck and in 1924 Dr. Fritz Glaser , a lawyer of the Jewish faith, opened the building. In the post-war period it was used by the “Free Greece” committee . With the fall of the Wall, Glazer's heirs got the house back and had it restored in 1996/97.
In Villa Bergstrasse 25, Leonie Freiin von Bibra opened a boarding school for daughters from "upper classes" in the southern suburbs.
The horse stable building at Bergstrasse 30, destroyed in 1945, an Art Nouveau building from 1899/1900 by Heino Otto , exemplified the modern building spirit and was the subject of many descriptions in the architectural criticism of the time. A rounded gate opening and a corner crown with "distinctive Art Nouveau shapes" were remarkable.
The Royal Bavarian Rittmeister Ritter von Zwackhausen and his wife had a villa built in the Neo-Renaissance style at Bergstrasse 31 in 1871/73 . In 1876 Arnold Schulte-Herkendorf bought the villa and had the interior rebuilt based on the model of the Semperoper . After 1945 the villa was used by the GDR Ministry of Transport and the Dresden Railway Directorate .
The villa at Bergstrasse 34 was built in 1872 as part of the "Swiss Quarter".
Based on the models of the Italian Renaissance, Villa Bergstrasse 40 was built in 1874 in the style of the Semper Nicolai School .
In the now undeveloped triangle between Bergstrasse and Münchner Strasse was the “Bergkeller” restaurant with a large open terrace. This was also destroyed in 1945, the area is still undeveloped and is only occasionally, e.g. B. used for circus performances. Opposite was the American Church , which, however, belonged to Reichsstraße on the address side. This was also destroyed in 1945 and the ruins removed in the 1950s.
The free-standing corner building Bergstrasse 60 / Fritz-Foerster-Platz 2 has a largely neoclassical facade with Art Nouveau elements. Until the 1920s, it was planned that it would become part of a closed square development.
The Bergstrasse canteen , formerly also the Neue Mensa, was built from 1974 to 1978 and was listed as a historical monument in 2008. With over 1000 seats in five dining rooms, it is one of the largest canteens in Dresden. Across from it at Bergstrasse 64, the lecture hall center of the TU Dresden (HSZ) was completed in 1998 . As a contrast to the concrete cube inside, the outside is characterized by a glass facade with an exposed steel frame construction.
The residential building Bergstrasse 68 was built by the architect Ernst Kühn as part of a closed two- to three-storey villa development between 1903 and 1908. The two-storey building shows a central projection, which has a tail gable with sandstone structures as the upper end . The original interior has been preserved, such as a heating panel and a hand washbasin with Art Nouveau shapes.
Philipp-Holzmann-Haus on Bergstrasse 2
Villa Bergstrasse 23
Villa Bergstrasse 25
Villa Bergstrasse 31
Villa Bergstrasse 34
Villa Bergstrasse 40
Lecture hall center at Bergstrasse 64
Individual evidence
- ↑ a b c d e f g Bergstrasse. In: Dresdner-Stadtteile.de. Retrieved June 18, 2013 .
- ↑ Michael Kochems: trams and light rail in Germany. Volume 18: Saxony (I). EK-Verlag, Freiburg 2017, ISBN 978-3-8446-6854-4 , pp. 55, 58, 105. The information at dresdner-stadtteile.de is not correct.
- ↑ Lupfer et al., No. 87 (Philipp-Holzmann-Haus; Bergstr. 2; 1993-95; Novotny, Mähner & Associates)
- ↑ Helas / Peltz p. 131, 183 image no. 209 and Paul Schumann: Dresden. Leipzig 1909.
- ^ Ulrich Huebner: Symbol and Truthfulness: Reform Building Art in Dresden. Verlag der Kunst, Dresden 2005, ISBN 3-86530-068-5 , p. 86.
- ↑ Helas / Peltz p. 183, image no. 13, 172, 173 and Lupfer et al., P. 73
literature
- Gilbert Lupfer, Bernhard Sterra and Martin Wörner (eds.): Architecture guide Dresden . Dietrich Reimer Verlag, Berlin 1997, ISBN 3-496-01179-3 .
- Volker Helas and Gudrun Peltz: Art Nouveau architecture in Dresden . KNOP Verlag, Dresden 1999, ISBN 3-934363-00-8 .
Web links
Coordinates: 51 ° 1 '48.9 " N , 13 ° 43' 50.2" E