Berndt Otto I. von Stackelberg

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Berndt Otto I. Baron von Stackelberg (born May 14, 1662 in Reval , † August 29, 1734 in Åbo ) was a Swedish field marshal .

Life

Origin and family

Berndt Otto was a member of the Barons von Stackelberg . His parents were the Swedish major and Estonian district administrator Wolter von Stackelberg (1625–1691) and Helene, née von Lieven from the Parmel family . He was married to Freiin Margareta Elisabeth Maydell from the house of Wredenhagen (1681–1767) since 1696 . The marriage had eight children, including:

Career

He began serving as a volunteer with the Guard and rose to captain in France over the course of ten years . When the Great Northern War broke out , Berndt Otto was appointed adjutant to General Otto Vellingk (1649–1708). In 1701 Berndt Otto fought as a lieutenant colonel in the Swedish army of Governor General Wolmar Anton von Schlippenbach in Livonia against Russia . In the battles near Rauge he commanded the Swedish artillery.

On March 11, 1702 Berndt Otto was appointed commander of the Björneborg regiment. In 1704 Berndt Otto became a colonel under the supreme command of the Swedish general Adam Ludwig Lewenhaupt and fought under him in Courland and Lithuania . In the Battle of Jakobstadt on July 26, 1704, Bernd Otto commanded the left wing , and in the Battle of Gemauerthof on July 16, 1705, he commanded the vanguard .

In 1706 Berndt Otto was promoted to major general. In 1708, Berndt Otto led one of the two columns under the command of Count Lewenhaupt in the Battle of Lesnaja in Belarus, which was one of the decisive battles of the Great Northern War. In a violent snowstorm and a briefly outnumbered Swedish army, more than half of the Swedish soldiers were taken prisoner near Lesnaya. The defeat of Lesnaya led to a moral strengthening of Russia under Tsar Peter I , because the unit of Count Lewenhaupt was considered the best and strongest troop in the Swedish army and had been undefeated for nine years.

In the Battle of Poltava in 1709 around 48,000 Russian soldiers stood under Tsar Peter the Great and around 20,000 Swedish soldiers under King Charles XII. across from. Berndt Otto von Stackelberg commanded an infantry column under the command of General Count Lewenhaupt and was captured by the Russians. Over 6,900 Swedish soldiers and officers were killed in the crushing defeat in the Battle of Poltava and around 3,000 were captured. With the other captured Swedish generals, Berndt Otto was then led in a triumphal procession by Tsar Peter the Great to Moscow . It was only after almost thirteen years that Baron Berndt Otto was released from Russian captivity as part of the Nystad Peace Treaty in 1721 and the end of the war.

In 1722 Berndt Otto was named Commander-in-Chief in Finland . In recognition of his services, Bernd Otto was raised to the baron status on July 11, 1727 . On the same day he was also promoted to field marshal .

Baron Berndt Otto von Stackelberg was heir to Hallinap in the parish of Sankt Johannis in Estonia.

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Otto Magnus von Stackelberg (edit.): Genealogical Handbook of the Baltic Knights , Part 2, 1.2: Estland, Görlitz 1930, p. 343.
personal data
SURNAME Stackelberg, Berndt Otto I. von
BRIEF DESCRIPTION Swedish field marshal
DATE OF BIRTH May 14, 1662
PLACE OF BIRTH Reval
DATE OF DEATH August 29, 1734
Place of death Åbo